What Can We Learn
One SL word or expression may have many different TL equivalents Correct understanding of the connotative meaning of synonyms is very important for correct expressing in translation A picture for each word Chinese
中国发展，世界机遇；中国好了，世 界得利。历史将会进一步证明这一点。 "China's development is an opportunity to the world. And the world stands to gain from a China that is better off. History will continue to prove this
人类进入21世纪，世界并不太平。但靠战 争最终解决问题已经过时了 .和平与发展， 仍然是当今世界的两大主题。 The world of the 21st century is far from being tranquil, but gone are the days when problems were ultimately settled by war. Peace and development remain the defining features of our time .
③a good cop, bad cop They are not so specific as they seem to be Occasionally they may really refer to cop ④good guys bad guys
2.狗不理
a kind of Chinese dish (meat bread) which is so delicious that after tasting it the dog won't follow its master, no mater how the master calls him. In Sanfancisco, one Chinese restaurant translate it into Dog-Won't-Leave.
8.他曾经是一个沿街叫卖 的商贩. He was once a peddler who hawked his wares in the streets. Hawking
9.在外面发出尖叫声的那头猪是我邻居 家的. The pig squealing outside is belonging to my neighbor. 10.那头病猪正痛苦地哼叫着. The sick pig is snorting t they are as good as the works written by the Chinese ancient men of letters. The new ideologies, written in the "pure” classical Chinese language might sound somehow familiar and intimate in those Chinese readers' mind, thus greatly increasing the effectiveness of transferring the cultural message.
The
Darwinism advocated by Huxley, “sugar-coated” in the beautiful Chinese of typical classical style, greatly influenced the Chinese people's thinking, especially that of the intellectuals.
The most influential book translated by Yan Fu was T. H. Huxley's Evolution and Ethics, which was well received by scholars and students at that time.
(2)Its historical significance Of course, according to the new requirements of present-day translation, Yan Fu's explanation of “elegance” as “using the classical Chinese language before the Han Dynasty” is wrong. But his translation practice guided by his own criteria did promote cultural exchange in a significant sense.
To them the new ideologies from foreign countries, which they called “Yi”(夷),seemed to come with the opium, big guns and warships. In order to win such a kind of special readers, Yan Fu introduced the new things from the advanced western world by putting the book into classical Chinese language, and his versions are so“ assimilated" or
5.叫他进来吗? Shall I ask him in? 6.他在饭馆里叫了一些菜. He ordered some dishes at a restaurant.
7.他们为自己的队员踢进一球而拍手叫好. They applauded and cheered for a goal by their own team.
The reason is briefly stated as follows: At that time in China most of the readers were the feudal scholars and officials who were extremely conservative and wanted very much to restore the ancient way.
Thus we can see that Yan Fu's criteria of translation contributed much to cultural exchange through his own translation practice at his time. His criteria had its own historical significance in promoting cultural exchange through translation.
The translation considers from the opposite side. After the dog tastes it, it won't leave there no matter how its master calls him.
Part C. Lecture on Translation Theory and Skills Chapter Three The Criteria of Translation I.Introduction
1.好人坏人 We have talked about a good egg. a bad egg. Here we want to learn some other expressions.
①bad man (not so general as it appears to be , according to WNND it means a cattle thief, desp-erado, or a hired gun man of the old West ②a bad actor Informal, a person or an animal that is always fighting, quarrelling, or doing bad things
Of the various kinds of the criteria of translation, the following two main types can be found.
Trinity Principle
Dynamic Equivalence
1.The Trinity Principle of Faithfulness , Expressiveness and Elegance This trinity principle was first put forth by Yan Fu(严复) as the criteria of translation. 1) Its merits . (1)Its special wording It is lexically succinct, readily acceptable and universally desirable.
(3) Its practical significance today. But nowadays, if a translator wants to adhere to Yan Fu's explanation of “elegance” in his actual translation practice, he will greatly reduce the effectiveness of transferring cultural messages. This, however, doesn't mean that the trinity principle put up by Yan Fu has no practical significance today.