Statement of William H. Overholt1Asia Policy ChairDirector, Center for Asia Pacific PolicyThe RAND CorporationBefore the U.S.-China Economic and Security ReviewCommissionMay 19, 2005SummaryChina has transformed itself from the world’s greatest opponent ofGlobalization and greatest disrupter of the global institutions we created, into a committed member of those institutions and advocate of globalization. It is now a far more open economy than Japan and it is globalizing its institutions to a degree not seen in a big country since Meiji Japan. Adoption of the rule of law, of commitment to competition, of widespread use of English, of foreign education, and of many foreign laws and institutions are not just updating Chinese institutions but transforming Chinese civilization.中国已经由以前世界上最大的全球化反对国和全球各机构的打扰者转变成全球化的提倡者和那些机构坚定的成员国之一。
它现在是一个远比日本开放的经济体，并且正在使国内机构全球化，达到一个从日本明治时期就从未出现过的高度。
采取法制手段，致力于竞争，广泛使用英语，实行国外教育和众多国外法律制度，这些不仅仅是在改革中国体制，而是在重塑中华文明。
All of China’s economic successes are associated with liberalization and globalization and each aspect of globalization has brought China further successes. Never in world history have so many workers improved their standards of living so rapidly. Thus popular support for globalization is greater than in Japan, where postwar recovery occurred in a highly managed economy, or with the former Soviet Union, where shock therapy traumatized society. In consequence, China has effectively become an ally of U.S. and Southeast Asian promotion of freer trade and investment than is acceptable to Japan, India and Brazil.中国所有经济上的成就都离不开自由化和全球化，而全球化的每个方面又为中国带来更多的成就。
可以说在世界史上，从来没有这么多工人曾如此迅速地提高他们的生活水平。
所以，对全球化的欢迎程度和拥护度高于日本，战后日本的经济复苏产生于高度管理的体制；或者和前苏联相比，那里动荡使社会元气大伤。
于是，中国主动成为美国和东南亚的盟国，一起推动更加自由的贸易和投资，这些都超过了日本、印度和巴西的接受范围。
The opinions and conclusions expressed in this testimony are the author’s alone and should not be interpreted as representing those of RAND or any of the sponsors of its research. This product is part of the RAND Corporation testimony series. RAND testimonies record testimony presented by RAND associates to federal, state, or local legislative committees; government-appointed commissions and panels; and private review and oversight bodies. The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit research organization providing objective analysis and effective solutions that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors around the world. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Nonetheless, rapid Chinese globalization has required stressful adjustments. State enterprise employment has declined by 44 million. China has lost 25 million manufacturing jobs. 125 car companies are expected to consolidate rapidly into 3 to 6.在这张证词中表述的观点和结论都是作者一家之言，不应该被理解为代表Rand或者这个研究的赞助商们。
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但是，中国快速发展的全球化过程要求紧张的调整。
国有企业的就业人数下降了4400万。
中国已经失去了2500制造业的工作，125家汽车公司将会快速合并成3-6家。
China’s globalization successes are profoundly influencing its neighbors. India has learned from China the advantages of a more open economy. Asians schooled in antipathy to foreign investment and Latin Americans with protectionist traditions are going to have to be more open to foreign investment and less dependent on loans in order to compete with China. This will transform third world strategies of development and create broader global opportunities for our companies.中国全球化成就正深远地影响着领国。
印度从中国学习到一个更加开放经济体的优势。
被培养成憎恶外国投资的亚洲人和有着地方保护主义传统的拉丁美人正学着必须更加开放地对待外国投资并且不依赖于借贷来和中国竞争。
这将会转变第三世界发展的策略并为我们的公司提供更广阔的全球机会。
Contrary to early fears, China’s rise has stimulated neighbors’ trade and foreign investment rather thandepriving them. Indee d China’s recent growth spurt revived Japan’s economy and saved key neighbors from recession, possibly averting a dangerous global downturn.和早前的害怕相反，中国崛起已经刺激而不是剥夺了邻国的贸易和外国投资。
事实上中国近年来经济急剧增长使日本经济复苏并且拯救了主要邻国免于经济衰退，可以说避免了一场危险的全球经济衰退。
Chinese growth has brought American companies new markets. The flow of profits from China to the U.S. is as disproportionate as the flow of goods. Inexpensive products have substantially improved the living standards of poorer Americans. Inexpensive Chinese goods and Chinese financing of our deficit have kept U.S. inflation and interest rates down and prolonged our economic booms. At the same time, it has caused trade deficits and social adjustments. Chinese misappropriation of intellectual property creates losses for many of our companies. A manic construction and transportation boom has raisedglobal raw materials prices, to the great benefit of producers and a great cost to consumers.中国的经济增长也为美国公司带来了新的市场，从中国流向美国的利润也和货品一样不协调。