过去分词表示被动或完成；
现在分词表示主动或进行。
• I know the people building the house there.(主动、进行）
• The house being built over there is a shop. (被动、正在建)
• The house built over there is a shop. （被动、已建好） • The house to be built over there is designed by a famous architect （被动、将来）
落叶 升起来的太阳 发达国家 一个醉鬼 一名留学生 一名退休教师
fallen leaves the risen sun the advanced countries a drunken man a returned student a retired teacher
总结：
过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的 区别：
现在分词和过去分词 做定语，有何区别呢？
过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别： 现在分词: 表示主动的动作 过去分词: 表示被动的动作
He is the man swimming in the river just now. He was reading a novel written by Charles Dickens.
动作
V-ed作表语表主语的状态或情绪， 被动语态表示被动的动作。
过去分词和V-ing形式作表语的区别:
V-ing形式 表特征---含有“令人……”之
意
过去分词 表状态---含有“感到……”之意
1. Disappointing news
区别 2
Disappointed people 1. 令人失望的消息 感到失望的人们 2. Exciting story 2. 激动人心的故事 Excited people （感到）激动的人们 3. Tired people/ I’m 3. 累了的人/我感到累了 tired （使人觉得）无聊的电影 4. Tiring film V-ed V-ing 感到…的 令人…的
1.过去分词作定语 (Attribute)
(1) 在句中的位置 单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰 的名词或代词前面；
a broken heart the risen sun
一颗破碎的心
已经升起的太阳
a lost child
丢失的孩子
过去分词短语作定语时，位于它所 修饰的名词或代词后面。
people addicted to drugs
publish
His book ____________ last published year sells well. being published His book _____________ now will be on sale next year. to be published His book _____________ next year will be his best one. publishing The press(出版社) ___________ his book is famous in the city.
比较： The film is interesting. I'm interested in English．
Grammar 过去分词的用法
Where the past participle is used?
1. So
many thousands of terrified people died. 定语 2. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 定语 3. But he became inspired when he thought about 表语 helping ordinary people.
“ 系动词+过去分词（系表结构）” 和“系动词+ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้过去分词（被动语态）” 区别
The library is closed.状态（系表结构） The library is closed by the teacher.
动作(被动语态）
My glasses are broken. 状态 My glasses were broken by my little brother.
代词时，也要放在这些词后面。
Nothing reported ( in the newspaper) interested him.
过去分词短语作后置定语，放在被修饰的名 词_____ 后面 ，它的作用相当于一个定语从句.
The Story of Ah Q written by Lu Xun is familiar to us. =The Story of Ah Q which is written by Lu Xun is familiar to us. The city surrounded by mountains is my hometown. = The city which is surrounded by mountains is my hometown.
区别 1 Fallen leaves
Falling leaves
boiling water boiled water
正在沸腾的水 已经烧开的水
the rising sun 正在升起的太阳 the risen sun 升起了的太阳
V-ing表动作正在进行， V-ed表动作 已经完成
少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的 过去分词只有完成的意义
a novel written by Luxun
the advice given to the patient
an old man supported by his son
a school built for orphans
单个过去分词修饰 something,
everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody，those 等不定