高中英语阅读表达解题思路及练习（含答案）第一类题型：基础题解题方法探究首先，基础题虽然简单，但是学生得到满分也并不容易，因为本题型判卷标准苛刻，容易丢分，不容大意。
我在多年的教学实践中对本题型的解题方法和规律进行了一系列的探索，并初步总结出答题的思路和技巧。
下面拟以2018年3月天津高考卷为例（节选），探究该题型的思路.For many teenagers, a job is a way to earn a little extra money. For me, it is more than that.At the age of 16, I was offered my very first job as a shopgirl in a clothing store. Onthe first day, my manager was training me how to fold and organize platform afterplatform of clothes. The work seemed overwhelming, and everything had to be done in an accurate way. I got so impatient because I couldn’t get it right the first couple of times.After about ten tries, I had the clothes folded perfectly. Then it took me thirty minutes toget them all looking uniform. Now, I fold and organize clothes every day, and I’m able todo them well. Through this experience, I’ve learned to be patient.56．What was the author’s first job? (no more than 5 words)57．What is the meaning of the underlined word in Para. 2? (no more than 3 words)本题难度不大，但是得到满分却有点困难.首先，学生若照抄原文 A shopgirl in a clothing store.这样会超过词数限制.再者，有的同学会去掉冠词a 写成Shopgirl in a clothing store 。
这样会犯语法错误。
依然不能拿到满分。
还有同学会直接答A shopgirl.这个能得满分但又十分牵强.从上面例子看出，前两个答案是显性错误，一个超过限制字数，另一个是语法错误，都只能拿到1.5分.第三个答案没有错误，但这个答案却违背了该题型答案应清晰明确的要求，因为它没有把问题回答透彻，如果别人看到这个答案，一定会追问，她是卖什么产品的shopgirl？由此，笔者总结了阅读表达此类基础题的解题原则如下：1．注意细节，注意细节包括注意首字母的大写，人称的转换，语法是否有错误，或是否超过限制字数等。
2 .清晰明确，答案一定要把事情说透彻、精当. 以此题为例，我推荐的答案是Working as a shopgirl或者A shopgirl selling clothes或者A shopgirl who sold clothes。
3 .敢于突破原文本题如果执迷于原文，不敢改动，一定写不出最好的答案第二种题型：猜词题的解题方法探究猜词题和猜句子含义题是本题型，乃至全卷最有难度的题型，其难度主要在于学生在思考解题思路和技巧时，感到非常茫然，没有思路，无从下手.下面我从天津高考原题中抽象出该题型的解题规律和具体的解题思路。
第一．注意猜词题的层次性2014年天津高考原题节选Last December, Doris Low turned 90. Once a week she still drives to the Canadian National Institute for the Blind (CNIB) in Toronto, where she helps transform literature into braille (盲文) to bring the power of story and knowledge to the hearts and minds of blind readers. She has been volunteering her time and talents to such enterprises for more than 40 years.After working in the business world for a while, Low got fed up. So she turned to teaching at a technical school and later moved into the library.Low’s mother liked reading. As her eyes began to fail, Low read to her. Then “hearing an advertiseme nt encouraging people to learn braille, I decided to give it a try.” In 1973, she was certified as a braille transcriber (转译者) and began transcribing books as a volunteer for the CNIB library.The job was strenuous—she could get to the end of a page, make a mistake on the last line, and have to do the whole thing again. For a number of years, Low also worked in the CNIB sound studio reading books onto tape. Three years ago, she took up proofreading (校对) at the CNIB’s word factory.58. What does the underlin ed word “strenuous” most probably mean? (1 word)对于该题以及上面选段的第57题，高考给出了若干参考答案比如Difficult，Trouble，Huge，Tiresome，Demanding等等.在散乱的答案中，我最终找到了他们之间的内在逻辑：答案存在明显的层次性.比如difficult就是一个层级比较高的词汇，这个意义不是特别具体，huge（巨大）表示的是一种difficult，tiresome（令人厌倦）也是一种difficult，demanding（要求严格）还是一种difficult..这里 huge，tiresome，demanding就是层次比较低的答案，这种答案的特点是非常具体，形象.我们在解决此类问题的过程中，可以先猜到层级比较高的词，然后再思考该层级下更为具体的词汇.经过这样的练习，猜词题才更有思考的价值.高考对于这个题目的要求不是很高，只要答出层次比较高又不太具体的像difficult这样的词就给满分了，但在平时练习中，一定要让学生保持能写更具体词汇的能力，比如这两道题，我认为用demanding是最为恰当的，远远比difficult要精当.第二利用主系表结构的规律性.主系表结构有两种形式第一 She is kind.主语+系动词+形容词做表语，这种形式对于解决题目实质帮助不大但第二种，she is a girl 这种主语+系动词+名词的主系表结构对于解题意义重大。
因为这里的主语和名词时对等关系，我们可以利用这种特殊的关系，为我们的思考提供一个方向.以2019年3月高考题（节选）为例As well as being able to turn Physical into poetry,Peter had energy and passion and conveyed the sense that science was part of the world around you and not a dull boring academic discipline.57 What is the meaning of the underlined word in para 2?本题的答题正确率非常低，主要原因在于面对这个题目学生没有一个合理的思路，本题实际上就是一个主系表结构，这里简单理解为科学是一个学术的 discipline.，或者理解为一个学术的 discipline.是科学. 如果把这个题目理解到这个程度，猜到subject（学科）或者field（领域）应该难度就小很多了.第三种题型：猜句子题型的解题思路探究猜句子题含义题，又是阅读表达题型的难题之一，该题型的难点和猜单词含义题相似，都是学生没有成熟的思路来思考这个题型，下面我通过天津高考原题来总结出这类题目的解题思路.思路一：单词都认识，根据原意合理“抽象”2018年6月高考原题节选Now we live in a world surrounded by the "can't do" "attitudes. We all fall down. We all have doubts and regrets. Still we must climb and dream about what's at the top of our mountain. Monsters may appear or the night will fall. But never ever give up on your dream! Never let anyone tell yo u,“ You can’t” Dream big and climb high！59.How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph？（no more than 5 words）这道题中We all fall down.这句话中没有生词，都是最简单的词汇，但是这道题要得分却十分不易，因为很多学生根本没有思路去思考.这时可以考虑运用，根据原意，合理抽象的思路来思考. 原意是我们都跌到，在成年人的世界中，跌到一次很容易抽象成失败，挫折含义，本题迎刃而解，该高考题的答案也都是关于fail和frustrate的.类似的，我们在生活中会遇见山，这里很容易可以抽象成我们在生活中会遇到困难，挫折.思路二：单词不认识，联系主旨或中心句获得启示I’m a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools.My life improved remarkably when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. I went to a workshop and gradually got good at making things with clay(黏土). Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language. I could still be smart and well express myself with clay. And my confidence came along.I got my next lesson from rock climbing. It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start. I soon noticed it wasn’t a talent thing; it was practice. So I did it more. After about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. Every da y I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard year s, I was literate.59. What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 4? (No more than 5 words)该题目中literate是超纲词，这类题运用根据原意，合理抽象就不能解决，这里就需要合理运用单词不认识的情况下，联系全文主旨或者段落中心句的方法，本段中心句是Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write.根据这句话，学生很容易写出I can read and write这个答案. 有了这个信息定位，就能就此确定思路，就能顺畅地给出答案.第四种题型：概括段意类题目解题思路探究这类题目的难点依然在于学生没有可操作性强的解题思路，下面我根据天津高考原题来说明这类题的解题思路Peter Bulllock was not only an exciting teacher but also the man who founded the debate club in my school. He encourage me to take part and express myself in a forceful way that I have been doing ever since ---and getting paid for it .That made what I am today---a commercial lawyerWhat does para 3 mainly tell us?面对这样的题目，我们需要分两步走，利用层次性解题技巧完成该题目.首先将文段分为两层，然后分别概括层意（概括层意需要注意敢于突破原文限制，真正写出概括感觉）这个题目我们可以先划分层次，划到 in my school即可第一层可以概括为 He founded the debate club 第二层基本可以概括为He had an effect on my career ，尤其从第二点可以看出，这个写法突破了原文限制，写出来概括性的感觉和特点.下面总结一下该题型解题思路：第一，根据文意划分出两个层次：第二，在敢于突破原文的前提下，概括层意，给出答案。