Management science approach Focuses on the task of production and operations, uses of mathematical and statistic techniques to build models for the solution of production and operations problems.
nonroutine /nɔnru:'ti:n/ analogue ['æ nəlɒg+
Translation 1.当然，富有远见并不是成功的保证。
2.通常，一份任务报告书的目标总是聚焦于该 企业所服务的市场和顾客群。
3.这些管理人员都是能制定计划并引导企业朝 目标前进的战略家。
4.与其他人的沟通、和他们一起高效率地工作、 激励他们、领导他们，这些都是在人际关系 方面所需要的能力。
2.该领域的研究能使作为组织成员的个人更好 地理解自己的、同事的、上司的及下属的组 织行为。
The study of the field should enable you as an organizational member to better understand your own organizational behavior, as well as that of your peers, superiors, and subordinates.
English for Bu
Learning Objectives:
●This course is designed to help the students of Business Administration improve the professional English reading comprehension and the ability to use English for business communication and negotiation. （提高专业 英语阅读理解水平以及运用能力）
anthropologist [,æ nθrə'pɔlədʒist+ perspective /pəˈspɛktɪv/ turnover*'tɜːnəʊvə+ approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/ contingency/kənˈtɪndʒənsɪ/ dynamic /daɪˈnæ mɪk/
confrontation /ˌkɒnfrʌnˈteɪʃən/ incur /ɪnˈkɜː/ compromise /ˈkɒmprəmaɪz/ interdependent *,intədi'pendənt+ characteristic [,kæ rəktə'ristik+ popularity *,pɔpju'læ rəti+
Translation 1.组织行为是一个概括性的术语，指的是组织 中的个人和团体的态度及行为。 Organizational behavior is a rather general term that refers to the attitudes and behaviors of individuals and groups in organizations.
impact 名词读*'ɪmpæ kt] 动词读*ɪm'pæ kt] perspective /pəˈspɛktɪv/ association*əsəʊsɪ'eɪʃ(ə)n+ very /ˈvɛrɪ/ whim /wɪm/ fancy /ˈfæ nsɪ/
achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ soul /səʊl/ guidelines /ˈɡaɪdˌlaɪnz/ bridge /brɪdʒ/ gap /ɡæ p/ virtue /ˈvɜːtjuː/
survival /səˈvaɪvəl/ behavior /bɪˈheɪvjə/ subset *'sʌbset+ maintenance *'meintənəns+ turnover /ˈtɜːnəʊvə/ efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃənsɪ/
intellectual *,ɪntə'lektʃʊəl+ limitation *,limi'teiʃən+ chart *tʃɑ:t+ predict [pri'dikt]
sole *səʊl+ reliance *ri'laiəns+ sufficient *sə'fiʃənt+ alliance *ə'laiəns+ demographic *,demə'græ fɪk+ complement *'kɔmplimənt+
The Nature of Each Approach to Management
For example, rigid plans, clearly defined jobs, autocratic leadership, and tight controls have at times resulted in high productivity and satisfied workers.
Translation 1.现代管理学始于20世纪早期，当时正统派的理 论家，经济学家和产业工程师提出了经典分析法 以增强个人和组织的生产力。
The modern era of management began early in the 20th century when classical theorists, enonomists and industrial engineers offered a classical approach to increase the productivity of individuals and organizations.
mission *'miʃən+ informercial *,infə'mə:ʃəl+ franchise ['fræ ntʃaiz+ tactical ['tæ ktikəl+ departmental *,di:pɑ:t'mentəl+ peer *pɪə+
interpersonal *,intə'pə:sənəl+ foster *'fɔstə+ pervasive *pə:'veisiv+ stakeholder *'steikhəuldə+ flourish *'flʌrɪʃ+ automotive /ˌɔːtəˈməʊtɪv/
4.这些结果具有短期的代价，并且它们对于部 门还具有潜在的长期的不利影响。 These consequences had obvious short-term costs, and they had the potential to adversely influence the long-term effectiveness of the station.
Contingency approach Stresses the correctness of a managerial practice is contingent on how it fits the particular situation in which it is applied. Seeks to match different situations with different management methods.
2.例如，一种管理理论强调：使员工满意更 有助于解决员工流动量大的问题，而不是 解决延迟生产问题。 For example, a management theory that emphasizes employee satisfaction may be more helpful in dealing with a high employee turnover that with delays in production.
Unit1 The Evolution of Management as a Field of Study
Glossary evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃən/ generalize /ˈdʒɛnərəˌlaɪz/ autobiography*ˌɔːtəbaɪ'ɒgrəfɪ+ memoir /ˈmɛmwɑː/ extremely /ɪkˈstriːmlɪ/
●After learning of the course, students should grasp the professional English vocabulary and terminology as much as possible, and be familiar with the structure of style, features and rhetorical skills in professional English. （掌握词汇和术语，熟悉文体结构、风格 特征、修辞技巧）
3.组织行为学的研究将帮助你作为一个消费者 理解为什么一些组织能够迅速有效地提供它 们的产品与服务，而别的组织做不到。
The study of organizational behavior should help you as a consumer to comprehend why some organizations are able to offer their products and services effectively and efficiently while others are not.