金专英语翻译第一章1．They facilitated the segregation of the policy financial business from the commercial financial business, solved the difficulties in transferring the specialized bank to commercial bank, and also cut off the link between policy loans of the PBC and monetary base, thereby improving the regulatory autonomy of monetary base of the PB政策性银行的成立使政策性金融服务业与商业性金融服务业分离，解决了专业银行向商业银行转轨的困难，还切断了中国人民银行政策性贷款与基础货币创造之间的联系，提高了中国人民银行调控基础货币的自主权。
2．On the basis of summarizing the experience of china‘s economic and financial system reform, the leading group formulated the overall program of reform, including national capital injection, disposal of non-performing assets, the establishment of joint stock companies, the introduction of strategic investors, and selective listing.在认真总结中国经济与金融体制改革经验的基础上，领导小组确定了包括国家注资、处置不良资产、设立股份公司、引进战略投资者、择机上市等政策步骤的整体方案。
3.After two ad hoc capital increases in 2006 and 2008, China’s share ranking in the IMF rose from No.8 to No.6.2006年、2008年国际货币基金组织进行了两次特别增资，中国在基金组织的份额排名从并列第8位上升到第6位。
4.At present,China’s insurance market forms a new pattern of state-owned commercial insurance company and joint-stock insurance companies ,complemented by policy insurance company,featuring with the coexistence and competitive development of Chinese and foreign insurance companies.目前，中国保险市场形成了以国有商业保险公司和股份制保险公司为主体，以政策性保险公司为补充，中外保险公司并存，多家公司竞争发展的新格局。
5.Since the tweny-first century,in line with the regional development strategy in china as well as the construction of ‚two-oriented society‛,(energy-saving and environment-friendly)the World Bank increased loan orientations to china’s western,central and northeastern regions,and to the field of energy-saving,environmental protection,new energy and people’s livelihood.Meanwhile,with gradual improvement of china’s international influence,cooperation with the World Bank broke through the one-way input,and realized two-way communication21世纪以来，为配合中国区域发展战略以及‚两型社会‛建设，世界银行加大了对中国西部，中部，东北地区贷款倾斜力度，支持重点转向节能，环保，新能源和民生等领域。
同时，随着中国国际影响力的逐步提升，与世界银行的合作突破单向输入。
实现双向交流第二单元1.According to the IMF, the monetary policy framework can be divided into five categories in terms of monetary policy objectives, including the exchange rate as a nominal anchor, monetary aggregates as the intermediate goal, inflation targeting, monetary policy objectives accepting proposals from IMF and others. China operates a monetary policy framework with monetary aggregates as the intermediate goal.(P76)根据国际货币基金组织的观点，按货币政策目标的不同，货币政策框架可分为五种，包括以汇率作为名义锚，以货币总量作为中介目标，通货膨胀目标制，接受国际货币基金组织方案的货币政策目标及其他。
中国目前属于以货币总量为中介目标的货币政策框架。
2.There are two common philosophies underlying the monetary policy international practice with the first emphasizing consistency among the goals through overall planning and the second emphasizing prioritization and discretionary decision based on the practical situation and pressing issues. (P77)国际上常用的选择和协调思路有两种，一是侧重于统筹兼顾，力求取得各目标之间的一致；二是相机抉择，突出重点，根据具体情况和突出问题选择相应的目标。
3.In March 2004, the floating rate discounting system was introduced. It refers to the arrangement which under the authorization of the State Council, in line with the macroeconomic situation and on the basis of rediscount benchmark rate, the PBC decides and publishes in a timely way the increased points of interest rates for rediscounts by the central bank to financial institutions. (P91)2004年3月，建立再贴现浮息制度，人民银行在国务院授权范围内，根据宏观经济金融形势，适时确定并公布中央银行对金融机构再贴现利率加点浮动的制度。
4. With the remarkable achievement in the reform of market-based interest rates and exchange rate formation mechanism, China’s monetary policy system has been modified constantly and gradually to indirect management with price-based instruments as a main operating object. (P95)随着人民币利率市场化改革、汇率形成机制改革取得明显成效，货币政策调控体系不断完善，逐步转向以价格工具为主的间接调控第三单元1.Meanwhile, comprehensive operation involves a variety of financial tools reflecting complex relationships of rights and obligations between financial institutions and investors, with various inherent risks that might spread across institutions, markets, and even national borders.同时，综合性经营涉及多种金融工具，体现金融机构和投资者之间复杂的权力义务关系，蕴藏着跨机构、跨市场和跨境风险。
2. The countries can require the banks to set aside a 0-2.5% counter-cyclical capital buffer to theextend that the credit/GDP ratio exceeds the trend-value so as to protect the banking system from the impact of credit surge. (P121)各国可根据‚信贷/国内生产总值‛超出其趋势值的程度等要求银行增加0-2.5%的逆周期资本缓冲，以保护银行体系免受信贷激增所带来的冲击。
3 In recent years, because of inadequacies in the investor and client protection system and a poor awareness of risk on their part, the government sometimes has to step in to pay for the customer claims on rescued or terminated financial institutions.（P104）由于投资者和客户保护制度尚待完善，投资者和客户风险意识不足，近几年在救助和关闭金融机构过程中的个人债权通常由政府垫付。