法门寺与地宫宝藏EDITOR: TOM HUANG 2010 . 7 . 7FAMEN TEMPLE &ITS UNDERGROUND PALACE手动展示一部追溯歷史文化的佛教「史記」一幅再現佛教聖地的歷史畫卷法门寺位于陕西省扶风县西北,距西安110公里,是一座历史悠久的古刹,始建于东汉。
相传印度的阿育王为使佛教发扬光大,将佛祖舍利分送各地,凡得到舍利的地方都要建造佛寺供奉。
法门寺就是规模最大的一处。
1987年,在清理塔基时,发现了唐代地宫和佛祖释迦牟尼的指骨舍利,以及大批唐代珍贵文物。
目前,一座新的建筑群已经建成,成为中国佛教的又一文化中心。
Famen Temple is an ancient temple located in Fufeng County, Shanxi Province 110 km far from Xi’an City, the capital of Tang Dynasty (A.D. 1st Century).It is said that Buddhist relics had been sent to many places by the King of India. Every-where received relic had to build a temple to preserve it. Famen Temple is a big one of them.老的法门寺和重修的真身宝塔Original Famen Temple and its rebuilt Pagoda日月輪迴New gate 天地增輝New building group of Famen TempleNew gate八方來朝,萬佛歸宗Monks entering the Temple for pilgrimage25 億巨資打造的二十一世紀世界佛教文化中心A new Buddhist Cultural Centre of new century國家精品文化旅遊景區1230 米佛光大道上的菩薩群像Statues of Bodhisattvas along long roadBuddhist Ceremony佛門盛典金碧輝煌氣象萬千New Pagoda明快的現代建築風格與傳統的佛教文化理念融為一體A good integration of modernarchitectural style andtraditional Buddhist culturalconception合十舍利塔地上11層,地下一層,塔內自上而下供奉法、報、化三身佛像。
上下渾然一體,呈現出一個“空間為三身、三世諸佛,菩薩的宇宙法界……”佛教聖地法門寺合十舍利塔落成暨佛指舍利安奉大典化身佛釋迦牟尼佛大日如來佛與弟子阿難尊者及迦葉尊者報身佛盧舍那佛In August 24th, 1981 after a long storm the Pagoda was split. Almost half of it was collapsed.In 1987 in the duration of rebuilt-construction, a palace under the pagoda was found and alot of valuable cultural relics was excavated out including Buddhist relic ---bone of finger.Now a group of new buildings has built up around old temple.Famen Temple has been not only a new Buddhist cultural centre but also a famous tourist spot.1981.8.24 法門寺真身寶塔西半塔坍塌,僅餘一半,巍然斜立,一時成為奇觀。
從地涌出多寶龕照古騰今無與並趙朴初1987 年 4 月,封閉一千多年的神秘地宮之門被打開,裡邊金碧輝煌,千年古物熠熠放光,出土了佛指舍利及一大批唐朝稀世珍寶,這一考古發現立刻在國內外引起巨大轟動,專家們指出:法門寺的佛指舍利和文物出土是陝西繼秦兵馬俑坑之後的又一重大發現。
千年地宫揭秘貞觀五年(631年),唐太宗第一次開示佛骨。
佛指舍利的重現,掀起了一股崇佛熱潮。
隨後,高宗將這枚舍利迎請到皇宮裡供奉,武則天舍物布絹一千匹,“為舍利造金棺銀槨,數有九重,雕縷簾廳”。
直到龍朔二年(662年)才送回法門寺塔中,這次迎佛骨是時間最長、規模最大、奉獻最多的一次。
873 年,唐懿宗第七次迎佛骨。
迎接儀式極為隆重,執幡儀仗約萬,瞻禮仕女僧尼如潮如流,歌舞管弦和梵誦之聲沸天盈地。
懿宗親自出迎,向佛骨頂禮膜拜,將佛骨“迎入內道場,即設金花帳、溫清床,龍麟之席,鳳毛之褥,兢兢業業玉髓之香,薦瓊膏之乳”,以作供養,“宰相以下競施金帛,不可勝數”。
In 631, it was the first time that Buddhist relic was saluted by the Emperor from Famen Temple and made offerings in the capital.Later the activities like this had been taken place for six times during the whole Tang Dynasty.In 874, the Emperor Tangxizong ordered to close down the underground palace. Since that and a historical and cultural precious storehouse was buried for a thousand years.地宫纵剖面图Vertical section of underground palace第一道门First door 第二道门Second door第三道门Third door第四道门Forth door入口Entrance后室Latter room地宮第三道石門發掘現場原貌Excavation locale in front of thethird door地宮第三道石門全景唐中宗下發入塔石匣蓋銘地宮後室發掘現場原貌Excavation locale of latter room in underground palaceBuddhist relic is bestowed in eight layers of box.The most exterior box made of sandal has been decayed. Other seven boxes are made of gold.唐皇朝造八重寶函,最外重檀香寶函已朽腐表証佛法之“五部九重”,以供養佛指舍利。
六臂觀音盝頂純金寶函,重973 克Patterns on the gold boxes鎏金四天王盝頂銀寶函,重2699 克供奉釋迦牟尼佛祖之真身指骨舍利的白玉棺供奉佛祖真身指骨舍利的四十五尊造像寶函八重寶函第三重-金筐寶鈿珍珠裝珷玞石寶函釋迦牟尼佛之影身指骨舍利藏於寶珠頂單檐四門純金塔佛指舍利,内部有北斗七星纹Buddhist relic is bestowed in a gold pagoda.Inside relic there are patterns of Big Dipper.A top one of Canes in the world with twelve rings as the symbol of supernatural power世界錫杖之王、代表佛教最高級別法力的鎏金迎真身銀金花四鼓十二環錫杖•唐代200 多年間,先後有八位皇帝六迎二送供養佛指舍利。
每次迎送聲勢浩大,朝野轟動,皇帝頂禮膜拜,等級之高,絕無僅有。
根據碑文記載,地宮中2499 件金銀珠寶均為八位唐朝皇帝供奉佛指舍利的供奉品,價值連城。
其中有121 件璀璨奪目的金銀器,17 件玲瓏玉潤的琉璃器,16件已失傳的“秘色瓷”器,還有700 多件錦、綾、羅、紗、絹、綺等各類紡織品。
這批文物種類之繁、數量之多、質量之優、制作之精、等級之高、保存之完好,在國內外都是罕見的。
鎏金鴛鴦團花雙耳大銀盆鎏金茶羅子鎏金茶碾子(唐僖宗所供奉)鎏金鴻雁紋五環銀香爐八瓣花紋藍琉璃盤石榴紋黃琉璃盤盤口細頸黃色琉璃瓶來自西方古羅馬的瑰寶吉祥玉如意From ancient Rome鎏金銀質圓香囊筐寶鈿珍珠裝金杯金銀絲籠子鏨刻發願文的鎏金銀匾荷葉盤盤上鏨文:奉為睿文英明武德至仁大聖廣孝皇帝,敬造捧真身菩薩,永為供奉伏願聖壽萬春,聖枝萬葉,八荒來服,四海無波咸通十二年辛卯崴十一月十四日皇帝延慶日記銀鳳爐鎏金三鈷杵紋銀閼伽瓶鎏金珍珠裝捧真身菩薩像鎏金銀鹽台伽陵頻迦紋純金缽盂鎦金銀龜茶盒唐代佛廊供養的銀芙蕖(荷花)八棱秘色瓷淨水瓶來自西亞伊斯蘭國家的琉璃盤From Sri Lanka失傳千年的唐代皇家專用瓷器—越窯秘色瓷大紅羅地宮廷簇金繡半臂鎏金銅浮屠鎏金銅熏爐鎏金銀質臥龜蓮花五足熏爐在唐代織金錦工藝精湛令人吃驚。
織錦所用的金絲,最細直徑僅為0.1毫米,比頭髮還細。
以絲線為芯,以金線一圈圈纏繞,一米長的金絲要繞3000 多圈,武則天供奉的繡裙就是這種織品制成的。