宾语补足语用法宾语补足语是英语教学中的难点，也是高考的热点，更是书面表达中必须具备的一种句型结构。

下面就宾语补足语用法进行以下归纳。

Ⅰ.使役动词后宾语补足语的用法中学教学中最常见的使役动词有：make，have，leave。

他们都表示“使得”，后面都可接宾语+宾语补足语的结构，但用法上有所不同。

一､make用作使役动词表示“使；使成为”时，可跟复合结构，即“make+宾语+宾语补足语”，其中的宾语补足语可以是形容词或名词､不带to的不定式､过去分词。

1. 我们推选他为我们足球队队长。

We made him captain of our football team.2. 我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。

The news that our team had won made us very happy.3. 大雨使得我们无法出去。

The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.4. 奇怪的声音使我们感到恐惧。

The strange noise made us frightened.5. 在交通嘈杂声中他无法使自己的声音提高到让别人听到。

He couldn’t make himself heard above the noise of the traffic.6. 什么东西使得草生长?What makes the grass grow?注意：过去分词作make的宾语补足语时，变为被动语态不用加to；但当不定式作其宾补时，变为被动语态一定要加to。

这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。

The boy was made to work twelve hours a day.选择题：1. Paul doesn’t have to be made ____. He always works hard.A. learnB. to learnC. learnedD. learning2. The result of the entrance exams was not made ____ to the public until last Thursday.A. knowingB. knownC. to knowD. to be known答案：1.B2.B二､have 表示“使得……”，其后接宾语补足语，常用以下句型：have sb. do sth.使得某人做某事have sb. doing sth.使得某人一直做某事have sth. done使得某事被做填空：1. The teacher had her ____(recite) the text again.2. He wants to have his eyes ____(examine) tomorrow.3. Be careful，or you’ll have your hands ____(hurt).4. He had the girl ____(stand) in the classroom the whole morning.5. He had the walls ____(paint) this morning.答案：1.recite 2.examined 3.hurt 4.standing 5.painted只能用doing的情况1. 表示正在发生Be quick. They have the car waiting for you at the school gate.2. 否定句中表示(不能)容忍某人做……I won’t have him cheating in the exam.3. 表示某一时间内一直延续不断的动作He had us laughing all through the meals.选择､填空题：1. I’ve had my radio ____ so soon because my father had me ____ it. A. repair；done B. repaired；do C. repairing；do D. repaired；done2. You can’t have the horse ____ all the way. It’s too hot.A. runB. to runC. runningD. to be running3. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ____ went wrong again.A. itB. it repairedC. repairedD. to be repaired4. We will have you ____(know) that the machine has been made ____(work) at full speed.答案：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.know，to work三､leave作使役动词，表示“使/让……保持某种状态”。

1. 用形容词作宾语补足语出去时，不要关门。

Leave the door open when you go out.他的疾病使得他身体很虚弱。

His illness left him very weak.2. 还可用名词､介词短语等作宾语补足语他父母去年双双去世，留下他成为一个孤儿。

His parents both died last year，leaving him an orphan.3. 用现在分词作宾语补足语他们走开了，让我一个人坐在那儿。

They walked off and left me sitting there alone.他出去时，把他的文件摊在桌子上。

He went out，leaving his papers lying open on the desk.4. 用过去分词作宾语补足语Did you leave the doors and windows properly fastened?He left a few questions unanswered.Ⅱ.感官动词后宾语补足语的用法表示感觉和心理状态的动词，如hear，feel，find，listen to，look at，watch，notice，observe，smell，see等词后可以用省去to的动词不定式，现在分词及过去分词作宾语补足语。

常见的句型有：(以hear为例)hear sb. do sth.hear sth. done填空､选择题：1. I’ve never heard the song ____(sing).2. Do you smell something ____(burn)?3. Tom saw his parents ____(get) into the car and ____(drive) off.4. He was seen ____(drive) the car at high speed on the highway yesterday.5. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____next year.6. ——Did you hear her ____ this pop song this time the other day?——Yes，and I heard this song ____ in English.A. sing；singingB. sung；sungC. sung；singingD. singing；sung7. I saw her ____ when I came into the classroom.A. cryB. to cryC. cryingD. cries答案：1.sung 2.burning 3.get；drive 4.to drive 5.C 6.D 7.CⅢ.with+宾语+宾语补足语的结构1. with+宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语1) 他过去常常开着窗子睡觉。

He used to sleep with the window open.2) 他们离开了房间，灯还亮着。

They fled the room with lights still on.3) 他双手放在口袋里走了进来。

He stepped in，with his hands in his pockets.4) 脖子上没带项链的那位女士是玛丽的朋友。

The woman，without a necklace around her neck，was a friend of Mary’s.2. with+宾语+doing/done/to do1) The day was bright with a fresh breeze blowing.(-ing表示主动/正在进行)2) With the matter settled，we went home. (-ed表示被动/状态)3) They are highly mechanized farms，with machines to do all the work.4) With Tom to help me，I can finish the work in time.(to do表示即将发生)选择､填空题：1. ____ production up by 60%，the company has had another excellent year.A. AsB. ForC. WithD. Through2. ____ everything ____，she left the supermarket with satisfaction.A. As；buyingB. For；to buyC. With；boughtD. Because；to buy比较：____ everything was bought，she left the supermarket.3. ____ years ____，her hair grows white.A. As；passing byB. With；go byC. As；passD. With；passed4. His mother ____(be) ill，he had to stay at home，looking after her.5. He stood there，with his eyes ____(fix) on Della.6. He stood there，____(fix) his eyes on Della.7. He stood there and his eyes ____(fix) on Della.答案：1.C 2.C 比较As 3.C 4.being 5.fixed 6.fixing 7.were fixed宾语补足语练习题1. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year.(NMET2000)2. ----There’s a hole in your bag. ---- I know, I’m going to have it _____.mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended3. Though he had often made his little sister ____, today he was made ____ by his little sister.cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry4. They would not allow him _____ across the enemy line.to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going5. I found the door _____ when I got home.opened B. close C. unlocking D. open6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ___.not to B. not to do C. not do D. do not to7. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise____.going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on8. With a lot of difficult problems_____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled9. I advised _____ at once.him to starting B. him to start C. to starting D. to start 10. When I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still ____.beat B. to be beating C. beating D. was beating11. You had better get a doctor _____ your bad tooth.pull out B. to pull out C. pulled out D. pulling out12. He managed to make himself with his____ English.understand; breaking B. understand; brokenC. understood; breakingD. understood; broken13. The doctor asked him not to leave his wound ______.A. exposeB. exposedC. to exposeD. exposing14. They are going to have the service man ____ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.install B. to install C. to be installed D. installed15. After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute ______. being settled B. to be settled C. had settled D. as settled16. You will see this product ____ wherever you go.to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertising 17. His remarks left me _____ about his real purpose.wondered B. wonder C. to wonder D. wondering18. When I caught him ______ me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop.cheating B. cheat C. to cheat D. to be cheating19. Though he had often made his little sister ____, today he was made ____ by his little sister.A. cry; to cryB. crying; cryingC. cry; cryD. to cry; cry20. Did you intend us ___ the new method?A. usingB. to useC. usingD. are using21. The teacher encouraged us ______ good compositions.A. WritingB. writtenC. to writeD. is writing22. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ___________.A. not toB. not to doC. not do itD. do not to23. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _______went wrong again.A .it B. it repaired C .repaired D. to be repaired24. With a lot of difficult problems_____, the newly—elected president is having a hard time.A .settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled25. With trees, flowers and grass_____ everywhere, my native town had taken on a new look.A. plantingB. plantedC. to plant D .to be planted26. She was glad to see her child well_____ care of.A. takeB. to be takenC. takenD. taking27. The result of the entrance exams was not made _____to the public until last Thursday.A. knowingB. knownC. to knowD. to be known28. I can make you _____what I say, but you can’t make yourself ____ in English.A. understand; understand B .understand, understoodC to understand, understand D. understand; to be understood29. He found them ____ at a table_____.A. sat; to play chessB. sitting; to play chessC. seated; playing chessD. seat; play the chess30. John rushed out in a hurry, ___ the door_____.A. leaving; unlockedB. leaving; unlockingC. left; unlockedD. to leave; unlocking31. We are pleased to see the problem___ so quickly.A. settledB. settlingC. be settledD. having been settled32. I could feel the wind ___on my face from an open window.A .to blowB .blowing C. to be blowing D .blown33. ____ production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.A. AsB. ForC. WithD. Through34. ____ everything ____ , she left the supermarket with satisfaction.A. As, buyingB. For, to buyC. With, bought D .Because, to buy35. Don’t leave the water ____ while you brush your teeth. (天津2004)A. runB. runningC. being runD. to run36. He looked around and caught a man ___ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. putB. to be puttingC. to putD. putting37. Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents _______. (重庆2004)A. worriedB. to worryC. worryingD. worry38. The teacher asked us _____ so much noise. (北京2003)A. don’t makeB. not makeC. not makingD. not to make39. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered ____ clear warnings before firing any shots. (上海2003)A. to issueB. being issuedC. to have issuedD. to be issued40.－Good morning. Can I help you? －I'd like to have this package __ ,Madame.A. be weighedB. to be weighedC. to weighD. weighed41. Father will not __us to use his recorders.A. haveB. let C .agree D. allow42. John was made __the truck for a week as punishment.A .to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing43. The missing boys were last seen __ near the river.A. playingB. to be playingC. playD. to play44. Paul doesn't have to be made __ .He always works hard.A. learnB. to learn C .learned D. learning45. Seeing the sun __ above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.A. to riseB. to raiseC. rising D .raising46. I was disappointed to find his suggestions __ .A been turned down B. turned down C. to be turned down D. to turn down47. The patient was warned ____oily food after the operation.A. to eat toB. eating not C .not to eat D not eating48. The speaker raised her voice but still couldn’t make herself _______.A. hearB. hearingC. to hearD. heard49. If you go to Xi’an, you’ll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly _________. A. supposing B. to suppose C. supposed D. suppose50. It’s so cold today, we must keep the fire ________.A. to burnB. burningC. burnD. burnt51. The mother was asked ________ let her children ________ TV every evening;A. not to; watchB. not to; to watchC. not; watchD. not; watching52. They didn’t observe her _______ in and go upstairs.A. comeB. cameC. to comeD. coming53. How about the two of us ____ a walk down the garden? (MET93 17)A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. to be taking54. I have had my bike , and I’m going to have somebody my radio tomorrow.A. repair; to repairB. repairing; to be repairedC. repaired; repairD. to repair; repairing55. the room, the nurse found the tape recorder .A. Entering; stealingB. Entering; goneC. To have entered; being stolenD. Having entered; to be stolen56. Could you show me the mobile phone you’d like ______?A. to have repairedB. repairing itC. having it repairedD. to repair it57. I have often heard the ABC Song , but I have never heard Alice it.to be sung; to sing B. being sung; sang C. sung; sing D. sang; singing58. I can hardly imagine Peter __________ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.A. sailB. to sailC. sailingD. to have sailed59. ---Have you had anyone ______ your newly-bought flat?---Not yet. I am going to get John _______ a design for it first.A. to decorate; makeB. to decorate; to makeC. decorate; makeD. decorate; to make60. ---“Did you have any difficulty in today’s homework?”---“No, in fact I found __________.”A. it very easy to doB. it very easy doneC. very easy for doingD. very easy to do itKeys:1-5 CCAAD 6-10 AACBC 11-15 BDBAD 16-20 CDAAB 21-25 CACAB26-30 CBBCA 31-35 A BCCB 36-40 DADAD 41-45 D AABC 46-50 BCDCB51-55 A ACCB 56-60 A CCDA。