炼油厂生产调度研究分析
炼油厂生产调度研究分析 ——以 A 炼油厂为例
摘 要
经过新世纪以来的高速发展， 我国已经成为仅次于美国的全球第二大炼油国，产能规模和 技术都有长足发展。截至 2012 年，国内原油一次加工能力达到 5.75 亿吨/年。2013 年 1 月发 布的《能源发展十二五规划》提出：“集约化发展炼油加工产业，按照上下游一体化，炼化储 一体化的原则， 统筹新炼厂建设和既有炼厂升级改造， 建设若干个大型化， 集约化的炼化基地。 到 2015 年，全国一次原油加工能力达到 6.2 亿吨，成品油产量达到 3.3 亿吨”。 炼油厂通过对原油进行加工精炼， 转化为汽油， 煤油， 航空煤油以及其他礙氢化合物产品， 其中部分产品可以作为化工企业的原材料进行进一步加工，部分产品可以作为燃料，为汽车， 飞机等交通工具提供动力。 为了保持炼油行业在国民经济中的有利竞争地位，我们必须从原料 采购，原油加工，油品调和，和成品油配送等各方面提升效率，降低能耗和成本。 随着当前世界对能源消耗需求不断增加，对环境保护意识的增强，及石化原料市场和需求 市场的风险急剧增加，传统石化企业更需要提升企业的运作效率，在各个层面上优化成本，增 加利润， 并且应对工厂内部和市场环境的各种不确定风险。因此研究石化企业的生产调度和综 合集成问题，分析灵敏度变化范围，成为优化资源配置，最大化利益必不可少的研究过程。 本文通过引入国内 A 炼油厂炼油生产的具体案例，利用简单线性回归模型的定理公式方 法，运用 Lingo 软件建模，对炼油厂炼油生产的一系列过程进行最优化处理，并对其各个生产 环节的灵敏度进行分析，从而得出关于炼油厂生产调度方面的可行性结论。
关键词.................................................................................................................................................... 3 Abstract................................................................................................................................................ 4 Key word................................................................................................................................................ 4 一、案例背景介绍................................................................................................................................ 5 1.1 相关概念界定......................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 A 炼油厂条件介绍.................................................................................................................. 6 1.3 A 炼油厂炼油生产剖析及研究过程介绍..............................................................................6 1.3.1 A 炼油厂炼油生产过程剖析.......................................................................................6 1.3.2 研究过程介绍.............................................................................................................. 8 二、案例线性规划模型构建及分析.................................................................................................... 9 2.1 未知变量设定......................................................................................................................... 9 2.2 引入 Lingo 软件的线性规划操作分析...............................................................................11 2.2.1 针对数据及已知条件进行处理提炼........................................................................11 2.2.2 Lingo 软件的操作分析............................................................................................. 14 2.2.3 结论............................................................................................................................ 19 三、案例线性规划变动范围及灵敏度变化分析..............................................................................19 3.1 引入 Lingo 软件的线性规划变动范围及灵敏度变化分析.............................................. 19 3.2 结论....................................................................................................................................... 23 四、结论与启发.................................................................................................................................. 24 参考文献.............................................................................................................................................. 26 2 / 26
关键词
炼油厂 炼油生产 运筹学 线性规划 灵敏度分析
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运筹学课程设计
Abstract
After the rapid development in the new century, China has become the world's second oil refining country behind, production scale and technology have made great development. As of 2012, the domestic crude oil processing capacity of 575 million tons / year. Released in January 2013 12th Five-Year "energy development plan" put forward: "the intensive development of oil refining industry, in accordance with the integration of upstream and downstream refining, storage integration principle, and the new refinery construction and upgrading existing refineries, construction of a number of large-scale, intensive refining base. By 2015, the country has a crude oil processing capacity of 6.2 tons, 3.3 tons of refined oil production reached tons". With the increasing demand of world energy consumption, enhance the awareness of environmental protection, risk and petrochemical raw materials market and market demand increases sharply, the traditional petrochemical enterprises need to enhance the operational efficiency of enterprises, optimize the cost, at all levels to increase profits, and deal with all kinds of plant internal market environment and uncertain risk. So the research on the planning and scheduling of petrochemical enterprises and the problem of the comprehensive integration, the analysis of uncertainty. Based on the crude oil refinery are processed and refined into gasoline, diesel, aviation kerosene and other products because of hydrogen compounds, some of these products can be used for further processing as raw materials of chemical enterprises, some products can be used as fuel for cars, aircraft and other transportation power. In order to maintain a favorable competitive position in the national economy, we must improve efficiency, reduce energy consumption and cost from raw material purchase, crude oil processing, oil blending, and finished product oil distribution. This paper introduced the specific case of a domestic refinery refinery, theorem and method using simple linear regression model, using Lingo software modeling, a series of process of refinery oil refining production is optimized, and the sensitivity of the various production processes are analyzed, thus obtains the feasible conclusion.