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中考定语从句专项

定语从句讲解及练习定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词得从句叫做定语从句。

如:1) The man who lives nexttous is a policeman、2) Youmustdo everything thatIdo、上面两句中得man与everything就是定语从句所修饰得词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词得后面。

引导定语从句得词有关系代词that, which,who(宾格who, 所有格whose)与关系副词where, when、why关系词常有三个作用:1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分二、关系代词引导得定语从句1、who指人,在从句中做主语或宾语(1)Theboys whoare playing football arefrom Class One、(2)YesterdayI helped an old manwholost his way、如果先行词就是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody,someon e,somebody,关系代词应该用who或whom、例如:Is there anyone here who willgowith you?2、whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。

(1) Mr、Liuis theperson (whom)you talkedabout、关系代词whom在口语与非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。

例如:The manwho/whom youmet just nowis my friend、3、which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略(1)Football is a game which is liked by most boys、( which在句子中做主语)(2) This isthe pen (which)he bought yesterday、( which在句子中做宾语)4、that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。

(在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。

)(1)The peoplethat/who e to visit the cityare allhere、(在句子中做主语)(2) Where is the man that/whom I sawthismorning?(在句子中做宾语)具体使用时还要注意下列问题:只能使用that,不用which 得情况:(1) 先行词就是all, few,little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。

例如: Allthat hesaid istrue、(2)先行词被only, no,any, all,等词修饰时。

例如:He is theonlyforeigner thathas been to that place、(3)先行词就是序数词或被序数词修饰得词。

例如:He was thesecond(person) thattold me the secret、(4)先行词就是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰得词。

例如:Thisisthebest book (that) I have readthis year、(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。

例如: He talked about the people andthe things he remembered、只用which/who,不用that得情况:(1)非限制性定语从句中,不能用关系代词that,作宾语用得关系代词也不能省略。

例如:The boy,who is good at soccer, es from Xinjiang、ﻫThat necklace,which you gaveme as apresent,waslost yesterday、非限定性定语从句得作用就是对所修饰得成分作进一步说明,通常就是引导词与先行词之间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其她部分仍可成立例如: Charles Smith,whowas myformer teacher, retiredlast year、查理·史密斯去年退休了,她曾经就是我得老师。

(非限)There is somebody herewho wants to speaktoyou这里有人要与您说话(限制性)(2) which还有一种特殊用法,它可以引导从句修饰前面得整个主句,代替主句所表示得整体概念或部分概念。

在这种从句中,which可以作主语,也可以作宾语或表语,多数情况下意思就是与and this 相似,并可以指人。

例如:He didvery well in thepetition, which madehis parents veryhappy、5、whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语(1)、He has a friendwhose fatheris a doctor、(2)、I lived in a house whose roof hasfallenin、whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替(3)、Theclassroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired、=Theclassroomthedoorof which isbroken will soonbe repaired、(4)、Do youlikethe bookwhosecolor is yellow?=Do you like the book the color ofwhich is yellow?6、when 指时间,在定语从句中作状语。

例如:I’llnever forgetthe time when weworked onthe farm、He arrived inBeijing on theday when Ileft、7、where 指地点,在定语从句中作状语。

例如:This is thehousewhere welived lastyear、The factorywhere hisfatherworks isin the east ofthecity8、"介词+关系代词"就是一个普遍使用得结构。

“介词+关系代词"可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句。

"介词+关系代词"结构中得介词可以就是in,on,about,from, for, with,to at,of,without 等,关系代词只可用whom或which,不可用that。

例:The man who/whom you spoke tois a teacher、The man towhom you spokeis a teacher、一.请分析一下定语从句:( 请划出定语从句,并标出先行词)1、Checkthe ways youstudy for anEnglish test、2、Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar、3、Youcouldn’tunderstandpeoplewho talked fast、4、I havesome ideas that may help、5、They said something you didn’tlike、6、Can youthink ofany problems you have hadrecently?8、He wouldalways takeprideineverything goodIdo、9、My friendsand I talked about therulesthat wehave inschool、10、Whatare someof therules that ateenager shouldobey?12、If youknow anyone elsewho collects them, please tell me、13、Standingvery close to the personyou aretalking with isquite monin some countries、14、If you know someone youknow doingthis,youcan ask them、二、用关系代词填空:that 、which 、who、whom 、whose1、 This is the man____________wants to seeyou、2、 Thestudent ___________answered the questionis Zhang Hua、3、 The man __________you went to see has e、4、 The man__________Imet yesterdaylent mesomemone y、5、 Thewoman___________yousawis ourgeographyteacher、6、 The runner_______________you areasking aboutis over there、7、The person _____________ you should write tois Mr、Ball、8、 The man ___________was passing by saw what happened、9、 Hereis the pen ______________youlost the daybefore yesterday、10、 These books _____________you lentme werevery useful、11、 Thestorybook ____________Ihave justreadcannotbe easilyforgotten、12、 Aclock isa machine_____________ tellspeoplethetime、13、This is shirt_______________I bought yesterday、14、Adictionaryis a book ________________gives the meaning to the word、15、 The book _______________is onthe table ismine、16、 The film _______________ they are talking about isvery interesting、17、 I will never forget thepeople andthe places ________ I haveever visited、18、 Is there anyone _________________ family is in Beijing?19、Show methe boy ____________ motheris a well-known singer、20、Theboy________________father is a teacherisgood atEnglish、三、单项选择( ) 1、Yourteacher of Chineseis ayoung lady____es from Beijing、A、whoﻩB、whichﻩﻩC、whom ﻩﻩD、whose( )3、Thestudentswere all interested ____ you told them yesterday、A、in whichB、in thatthisC、all thatD、ineverything( ) 4、Hewas the onlyperson in his office______wasinvited、A、whomB、whose ﻩC、thatD、which( ) 5、Thisisthemuseum______ we visited lastyear、A、where ﻩB、in which ﻩC、whichﻩﻩD、in that()6、Charlietold his mother all____ hadhappened、A、that ﻩB、whatC、whichﻩﻩD、who()7、Do you know the student_____?A、whom I often talkﻩB、withwhoIoftentalkC、Ioften talk withﻩD、that I often talk( ) 8、I like thehouse_____ windowsface south、A、whose ﻩB、who’s ﻩC、it'sD、its() 9、Would youtell me where to getthe dictionary _____?A、what Ineed B、I needﻩC、which I needitD、thatIneedit() 10、The young woman_____ Ispokejust now is a young doctor、A、who ﻩﻩB、to whomﻩC、whomﻩD、that】( ) 11、Do youknow the worker ______?A、whom I often talkB、with whoI oftentalkC、Ioften talk with D、that I often talk( ) 12、You have seenthe girl ____sister is a Chinese teacher、A、whom B、of whomC、whose D、ofw hich( ) 13、Those____finished doing it putupyour hands、A、who haveB、whohasC、which have D、have( ) 14、Your teacherof Chineseis a young lady____ es from Beijing、A、who ﻩﻩB、whichﻩC、whom ﻩD、whose( )15、What’sthe name of the program________、A、whicharelisteningB、you arelisteningtoC、to thatyou are listening D、that you a re listening( )16、---- What are your favorite songs?---- Thesongs_____________weresungbyS、H、E、A. thatB、what C、when、D、where( )17、---Do you rememberthe woman_________gaveyou ahand whenyouwerein trouble?--- Of course、I will remember her allthelif e、A、what B、whom C、whichD、who()18、I havebee goodfriendswith several ofthe s tudents in my school________I met inthe Englishspeechcontestlast year、A、who B、where C、whenD、which( )19、--- Have youfound the information about the famou speople_________you can use for the report?--- Notyet、I’llsearch some on the Internet、A. who B、what C、whom D、which()20、Friends arethose__________ make you smile, always open their hearts to you and encourage you tosucceed、A. which B、what C、whom D、who( )21、----Is there aright music_________I candan ce to?---- Yes,butI have to lookforit、A. whoseB、that C、when D、where( )22、She is_________ inhospital、Ihave to lookafter the___ person、A. ill、、、sick B、sick、、、sick C、sick、、、illD、both A andB、()23、How lucky、The police stoppedthe accident____________、、A. at times、B、in time C、on time D、by the time( )24、-----How is your grandma?----- Sheisfine、Sheused to____TV at home after supper、But now she used to____out for awalk、A、watch、、、goB、watching、、、go C、watching、、、goingD、watch、、、going( )25、Thereis________ with him、Hewill be all right soon、A、something seriousB、serious somethingC、nothingserious D、seriousnothing、()26、They found many_________leaves on the ground、A、dieB、deadC、deathD、dying( )27、Can we_________adate for the nextmeeting?A、agreewithB、agreetoC、agree onD、Agree四. 将下列句子合并成含有定语从句得复合句1、He is reading a book、It’s aboutBeijing Opera、2、Thoseare the shoes、My mother bought them for meyesterday、3、Doyou know the football player?He scoredtwo goalsinthe last match、4、We hate those people、They talk much butdo little、5、My sisterdoesn’t eat the food、It has chocolate in it、6、I got an email、My friend sent it to me、7、He is the boy、You wanted to find him、8、Themanis waiting for you atthe gate、His coat isblack、9、I like thenovels、They are written by D、Henery10、The girl is in hospital、Shewas hurtin the accid ent、11、Thewoman is wearing ahat、She ismy mother、12、I like thedancer、She dances ina specialway、。

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