形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成和用法。

（一）比较级和最高级的构成：1 加-er,-est构成比较级和最高级。

【1】单音节形容词和副词high-higher-highest hard-harder-hardest【2】以不发音的-e结尾的safe-safer-safest late-later-latest【3】辅音字母要双写的情况：big-bigger-biggest hot-hotter-hottest【4】以辅音加-y结尾的情况dry-drier-driest merry-merrier-merrist2 加more,most构成比较级和最高级。

【1】多音节的形容词和副词expensive-more expensive-most expensivecarefully-more carefully-most carefully【2】由形容词加-ly构成的副词slowly-more slowly-most slowlyhighly-more highly-most highly【3】以-ful,-less,-able,-ous,-ive,-ing等结尾的双音节形容词useless-more useless-most uselessserious-more serious-most seriuos【4】分词形容词tired,pleased及glad,often,real,right,wrong等单音节形容词tired-more tired-most tiredglad-more glad-most glad（3）形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的不规则构成法。

good/well-better-bestbad/ill/badly-worse-worstmany/much-more-mostlittle-less-leastfar-farther/further-farthest/furthestold-older/elder-oldest/eldest（二）比较级和最高级的用法1 比较级的表示法：主语+be +比较级+than…;主语+谓语+比较级+than…（1）不同主语的比较：He is two years younger than I.This machine works better than that one.Li Ming studies harder than Wang Ling.（2）同一主语不同方面的比较：She is now happier than she has ever been.The exam was easier than we expected.We have had much more rain this year than last year.（3）用于修饰比较级的词：even,(very) much,far,a lot,stillThis book is much thicker than that one.He works even harder than before.2最高级的用法以及most/mostly/almost/at most 的含义（1）形容词和副词最高级的用法三者或三者以上的比较用最高级。

表示最高程度时，用“the+最高级”的结构表示。

最高级中表示比较范围的常用among,in,of引导的介词短语或从句表示。

Yesterday was the hottest day of the year.He works (the) hardest in his class.Shanghai is among the largest cities in the world.This is the tallest building in our school.Of all the books,this is the most useful one for us students.It is the biggest zoo I’ve ever visited.（2）修饰最高级的词最高级可以用序数词以及much,by far,nearly,almost修饰The Yellow River is the second longest in China.Of the three boys Jack is almost the cleverest.（3）可以不加冠词的情况作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词Of all the boys he came (the) earliest.I like spring best.（4）most,mostly,almost,at most的用法A most作副词，构成形容词和副词的最高级most 作副词，构成大多数双音节或多音节形容词和副词的最高级形式，前面常有定冠词。

Which do you think is the most comfortable hotel in this town?B most 作副词，修饰形容词和副词，用来加强语气，表示“极”“十分”，前面不用定冠词。

It’s most dangerous to play with fire.C most 作形容词修饰名词。

most 作形容词，意为“大多数的，大部分的，几乎全部的”，修饰名词，前面不用冠词。

与most of 同义，但most of 名词前必须加冠词。

Most English words are not difficult to remember.Most of the students had left when she came.D mostly意为主要地，多半地，相当于mainly.He uses his bike mostly for going to school.The students are mostly young people between the ages of sixteen and twenty.E almost 意为几乎，相当于very nearly.He spent almost the whole day reading English.F at most 意为最多，与at least相对。

I can pay only twenty dollars at most.形容词、副词比较级最高级专项复习写出下列形容词与副词的比较级形式：tal l ﹍﹍﹍﹍slow ﹍﹍﹍﹍small ﹍﹍﹍﹍fast ﹍﹍﹍﹍smart ﹍﹍﹍﹍ few ﹍﹍﹍﹍nice ﹍﹍﹍﹍ fine ﹍﹍﹍﹍ large ﹍﹍﹍﹍late ﹍﹍﹍﹍ brave ﹍﹍﹍﹍pretty ﹍﹍﹍﹍ easy ﹍﹍﹍﹍ funny ﹍﹍﹍﹍happy ﹍﹍﹍﹍ lazy ﹍﹍﹍﹍ heavy ﹍﹍﹍﹍dirty ﹍﹍﹍﹍ dry ﹍﹍﹍﹍ early ﹍﹍﹍﹍busy ﹍﹍﹍﹍slim ﹍﹍﹍﹍ hot ﹍﹍﹍﹍ big ﹍﹍﹍﹍thin ﹍﹍﹍﹍ fat ﹍﹍﹍﹍ wet ﹍﹍﹍﹍beautiful ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ interesting ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍important ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ dangerous ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍expensive ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ polite ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍careful ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ exciting ﹍﹍﹍﹍bad/badly/ill ﹍﹍﹍﹍ little ﹍﹍﹍﹍many/much ﹍﹍﹍﹍ old ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍far ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍(二)用所给词的正确形式填空：1. Bob is _________ ( young ) than Fred but ___________ (tall) than Fred.2. Yingtian is not as ___________ (tall) as Yongxian.3. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _______(fat) than before .4.Which is _________ (heavy), a hen or a chicken?5.-- How _________ (tall) is Sally?-- She' s 1.55 metres ________ (tall). What about Xiaoling?-- She' s only 1.40 metres ________(tall). She is much _______(short) than Sally.She is also the _______ (short) girl in the class.6. He is ______ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _______ (bad) at Chinese and he is the_________ (bad) at English.7. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world.8.He is one of the_______ __(friendly) people in the class, I think.9. A dictionary is much (expensive) than a story-book.10. An orange ia a little ______ (big) than an apple, but much ________ (small) than a watermelon.11. The Changjiang River is the _______ (long) river in China.12. Sue is a little _________ __ (beautiful) than her sister.13.My room is not as _________ (big) as my brother' s.14.--How difficult is physics? --I' m not sure.-- Is it ________ (difficult) than maths? -- I don' t think so.15.-- Annie plays the piano very ___________ (well).-- Sue plays it _____ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _______(well).16. Saturday is my _________ (busy) day in a week.17. Her mother is getting ____________(fat) and ________ (fat).18. I think it' s too expensive. I' d like a _____________ (cheap) one.19. He comes to school much ____________ (early) than I.20.This book is not as _____________ (interesting) as that one.21. Your classroom is __________(wide) and ___________(bright) than ours.22. Practise as __________ (much) as you can.23. The ________ (much), the ____________ (good).24. Nowadays(现在) English is ________ ( important ) than any other subject.25. Most of the students think a lion is much _____ ___(dangerous) than a bear and it is the _______ ___ (dangerous) animal in the world.26. Mr. Smith is _________ man in this office. (rich)27. Winter is _________ season of the years. (cold)28.This radio is not so ________ as that one. (cheap)29. It is much _______ today than yesterday. (hot)30. She is a little ____ ____ than her classmates. (careful)31. ________ people came to the meeting than last time. (many)32. Which book is ________, this one or that one? (easy)33. My room is _______ than yours. (small)34. Hainan is _______ from Beijing than Hunan. (far)35. Skating is ____ ___ than swimming. (exciting)36. Jim is ____ ___ than all the others. (honest)37. Things are getting _______ and _______. (bad)38. The higher you climb, the _______ it will be. (cold)39. Now his life is becoming ________ and _____ __. (difficult)40. There are _______ boys than girls in our class. (few)(三)选择填空：（）1． I think science is _ than Japanese．A． much important B． important C． much more important D． more much important （） 2 This pencil is___ than that one．A． longest B． long C． longer D． as long（） 3 These children are ____ this year than they were last year．A． more tall B． more taller C． very taller D． much taller（） 4 It was very hot yesterday， but it is___ today．A． even hotter B． more hotter C． much more hot D． much hot（）5 Our classroom is____ larger than theirs．A． more B． quite C． very D． much（） 6 Maths is more popular than____．A． any other subject B． all the subjects C． any subject D． other subject （） 7 China is larger than ____ in AfricaA． any other country B． other countries C． the other country D． any country （） 8 Tom is stronger than ___ in his class．A． any other boy B． any boys C． any boy D． other boy（） 9 When spring comes， it gets____．A． warm and warm B． colder and colder C． warmer and warmer D． shorter and shorter （） 10 By and by， ____ students in our class came to like English．A． more and more B． much and much C． many and many D． less and least （） 11 At last he began to cry ___．A． hard and hard B． more hard and more hard C． harder and harder D． less hard and less harder（） 12 When spring comes the days get ____ and nights ____．A． short； long B． long； short C． longer； shorter D． shorter； longer （）13___ I look at the picture， ____ I like it．A． The best； the more B． The more； the less C． The more； less D． More；the more（）14___ he read the book， ____ he got in it．A． The more； the more interesting B． The less； the more interestingC． The more； the more interested D． More； more interested（） 15 Which do you like ___， tea or coffee？A． well B． better C． best D． most（） 16 Which do you think tastes _， the chicken or the fish？A．good B．better C．best D．well（） 17 Who jumped____of all？A． far B． farther C． farthest D． the most far（） 18Li Lei is___ student in our class．A．tall B． taller C． tallest D． the tallest（） 19 The fifth orange is____ of all． Give it to that small child．A． big B． bigger C． the bigger D． the biggest（）20 Who is－－－of you three？A． the oldest B． much older C． oldest D． older（）21 Tom is one of _ boys in our class．A．tallest B． taller C． the tallest B． the tall（）22 The tree is ___ in the garden．A．the taller B．the tallest C．taller than l D． tall（）23 Which is_， Li Lei or Wu Tong？A．strong B．strongest C． stronger D． the strongest（）24 Which language is____， English， French or Japanese？A． easy B． the most easy C． the easiest o D． much more easy（）25 Which is____interesting， science， maths or English？A． more B． the most C． very D． Too（）26 Which city is____， Beijing， Shanghai or Fuzhou？A． beautiful B． more beautiful C． much more beautiful D． the most beautiful （）27 Which month is____， June， July or August？A． hot B． hotter C． hottest D． the hottest（） 28 I am twelve； Mike is fourteen； Mary is thirteen． So Mike is the ___of the three．A． old B． older C． oldest D． the oldest（） 29 My ____ brother is three years ____ than I．A． elder； elder B． older； oldest C． elder； older D． older； elder（） 30 His ____ son often go to see him on Sunday．A． eldest B． older C． the eldest D． the older（） 31、He is two years ___ than I．A． elder B． smaller C． younger D． Less （） 32、--Tina.Mother says we can have a pet! How about a dog?--I prefer a cat. It is to take care of.A.easyB.easierC.easiestD.the easiest( ) 33.We like him not only because he teaches us but also he treats us .A.good; friendlyB.good; kindlyC.well; friendlyD.well; kindly( ) 34.As soon as the news came into our ears, we all cheered and became A.exciting; exciting B.excited; excited C.exciting; excited; exciting ( ) 35.--The cake looks . --Yes, and it tastes even .A.well; goodB.nice; betterC.good; worseD.better; best.( ) 36.The boy isn't to dress himself.A.old enoughB.enough oldC.old( ) 37.---Could you please tell me in today's newspaper?---Sorry, .A.something special; special nothingB.special something; special nothingC.anything special; something specialD.something special; nothing special(四)翻译句子：典型例题:1）---- Are you feeling ____?---- Yes，I'm fine now.A. any wellB. any betterC. quite goodD. quite better答案：B. any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better.2）The experiment was____ easier than we had expected.A. moreB. much moreC. muchD. more much答案：C. much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答案。