【英语】英语阅读理解练习题及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps，back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016.As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs.Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (疟疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time.（1）Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps?A. Because he was injured in his swimming.B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment.C. Because westerners know a little about TCM.D. Because westerners attach great importance to TCM.（2）Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture.C. Because Western medicine is more effective.D. Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly.（3）Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A. The methods of planting herbs. B. The effectiveness of prescription.C. Lacking in standardization.D. Its stable functions.（4）The lack of creativity in TCM refers to the fact that ________.A. medicine-making companies lack creativityB. prescriptions are got from the pastC. Western companies are more experiencedD. medicine-making companies lack driving force【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，街扫了传统中药的好处。
和西医相比，它不必动手术，费用少，且没有术后感染的风险等，但生产缺乏标准化、疗效不稳定和缺乏创造力等问题也严重阻碍中医药的发展。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps，back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016.”可知，作者提到Michael Phelps的例子是说明西方人对TCM有一点了解，但这种了解只限于针灸，拔罐和按摩。
故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“TCM falls far b ehind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs.”可知，有些WHO的成员国不承认中国的草药是因为中药发展缓慢，远远落后于西药。
故选D。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effec ts being unstable.”可知，与西医相比，在第四段中指出中医的弱点是缺乏标准化。
故选C。
(4)考查细节理解。
根据最后一段中的“Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity.”可知，中药缺乏创造力指的是中药是根据过去流传下来的处方做成的。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解When a dog looks at you with big puppy-dog eyes, it's hard for you to go away, and you may speak out “Awww” without hesitation. However, there's a reason why you find a dogs stare so attractive. That sweet stare actually causes the release of a particular hormone, or chemical messenger in the body. This hormone creates feelings of affection in humans. The same thing happens to dogs when people look back at them. Scientists believe this helps people and their four-legged friends bond, or feel connected. Scientists have wondered what causes dogs to lovingly stare at their owners. To find out, a team of researchers from Azabu University in Japan studied 30 owners and their dogs.The researchers found that after the pets and their owners spent half an hour together, bothshowed a rise in oxytocin (催产素). One key role of this hormone in many animals is to promote bonding, like that between a mother and newborn. The increase of oxytocin didn't happen, though, when scientists repeated the experiment with wolves and the humans who had raised them.A second experiment also found that if dogs were given oxytocin, they looked at their owners longer. Scientists aren't sure exactly why, but this reaction occurred only with female dogs. Their owners oxytocin levels also rose as a result.The result of these experiments might help answer an age-old question: How did the fearsome wolf ancestor of modern dogs turn into man's best friend? Takefumi Kikusui, an animal scientist who worked on the study, thinks that the change happened when dogs first became domestic (驯养的).According to Kikusui, there may have been a small group of wild dogs that were naturally friendlier. “Humans are very sensitive to eye contact. By using this spe cial communication tool, the dogs are able to win over our hearts. If they are more likely to make eye contact, it would be easier for them to bond with dog owners,” Kikusui said.（1）According to Paragraph 1, people say “Awww” to .A. make the dog stare at themB. express their love for the dogsC. draw the dogs' attention awayD. warn the dogs not to approach them（2）According to the passage, oxytocin can .A. reduce animals pain of giving birthB. motivate animals desires to protect othersC. help animals to develop a better relationshipD. enable animals to survive more easily from dangers（3）The underlined words the change in Paragraph 4 refer to that .A. dogs became friends with humansB. wolves begin to bond with humansC. dogs and wolves are best friendsD. dogs were domesticated by humans（4）What's the purpose of the passage?A. To call on humans to be friendly to dogs.B. To give advice on how to get along with dogs.C. To introduce the evolution process of wild dogs.D. To explain why humans and dogs are connected.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文为应用文。