英汉翻译常用的方法和技巧练习（一）一，对斜体部分，根据汉语表达习惯作些增添1. unemployement is widespread in some countries有些国家失业现象普遍2 。
the employers there used violence.那里的雇主使用了暴力手段3. mary spoke with restraint in her face.玛丽说话时脸上露出了拘谨的神色4. after aunt lena had heard about the family trouble , she agreed to look for a job. 丽娜阿姨听到了家庭的困难情况后，同意去找工作。
二、对斜体部分，根据汉语表达习惯作些省略1. there is some thruth in what he says .他的话有些道理2. don't let your imagination run away with you 不要乱想3. i can't even remember clearly what he looked like .我连他的模样也记不清楚了4. he also asked what had happened to me since we separated.他还问我别后的情况。
三、对斜体部分，根据汉语表达习惯改变词类1. our hearty desire is the establishment of a lasting peace in the world我们的衷心愿望时建立世界持久和平2.the sentry stood guard with a submachine gun in his hand.哨兵持冲锋枪站岗3. the workers turned hopefully to that organization工人对那个信组织抱着很大希望4. the war was immediately caused by incursions across the borders那次战争的直接原因时侵入国境四、对斜体部分，要求从反面表达，但不改变原义1. he tried to catch one of the rafts with a boat-hook,but missed.他想用一根船钩去钩一个木筏，但没有钩着2. they had better keep their promise because everything hinges on that right now. 他们最好不要失信，因为目前一切都要以此为转移3. these are days when nerves are worn thin.这些日子精神上有些受不了4. all night long the beating and questioning goes on , the search goes on.拷打、审讯彻夜不停，搜捕彻夜不停五、对斜体部分，根据汉语表达习惯改变语态1. i have been sent here by the norwegian shipping company t o talk with you about transportation.我是挪威轮船公司派来和贵方商谈运输问题的2. everything he advertised was guaranteed to last "forever"他保证他广告中所登的东西都能“永久”使用3. my fist thirty years were spent in western america.我的前三十年时在美国西部度过的4. an individual is judged by how he serves the collective, but the collective is expected to cherish the lives and talents of its individuals.判断一个人要看他对集体服务得怎样，但是集体也要忠实个人得生活和才能一、翻译句子，注意right 在句中的词类来确定它的词义1. it is not right for children to sit up late 孩子们睡得晚不好adj2. the plane was right above out heads 飞机正好在我们头上面adv3. in the negative, right and left, and black and white are reversed 照片底片上，左右黑白与正片恰好相反n4. she tried her best to right her husband from the charge of robbery 她尽力为她丈夫被控抢劫伸冤v二、翻译句子，注意根据上下文及搭配关系来确定斜体词的词义account for1. he is ill; that accounts for his absence. 他病了，这就是他缺席的原因2. In this battle he accounted for five of the enemy 他在这场战斗中消灭了五个敌人3. i want you to account for every cent you spent 我要你把花费的每分钱都交代清楚make up1. if the stove isnt't made up, it will go out 如不添煤，炉子就会熄灭2. there isn't any girl called Clementine. he's just made her up 根本没有个叫。
的姑娘，全是他捏造出来的3. half the roads in the rigion are still to be made up 这地区的路面有一半还没有修好4. society is made up of people with widely differing abilities. 社会是由具有迥然不同的能力的人组成的figure1. the foreign trade has risen to unprecedented figures 对外贸易的数字由了空前的增长2. dr. elion was one of the most revered figures in the world of learning 。
博士是学术界最受尊敬的人物之一3. on the desk there was a bronze figure of plato 书桌上有一尊柏拉图的铜像4. he saw dim figures moving towards hiim 他隐隐约约看见一些人影在向他跟前移动5. june was good at figure skating 琼善于花式滑冰三、翻译句子，注意根据上下文及逻辑关系对斜体词作进一步引申1. there was no provocatio n for such an angry leter 写这样一封生气的信简直是毫无道理.2. fatty's restaurant had become an institution in his life in the last seven years 去“发体餐厅”就餐，7 年来已成为他生活中惯常的事情3. the trunk was big and awkward and loaded with books. but his case was a different proposition.那个箱子又大又笨重，装的都是书，不过他随身带的箱子却是另一回事4. the wedding, which heyward still remembered with pride, was attende by a who's who of boston society 参加婚礼的有波士顿社会名流，赫华德想到这次婚礼时，仍然感到非常得意5. the invention of machinery had brought into the world a new era--the industrial age. money had become king机器德发明使世界进入了一个新纪元即工业时代，金钱成了主宰一切的权威四、翻译句子，注意根据上下文来去顶斜体词的褒贬1. it was mid-august and the subject for discussion was the future of rommel and hsi africa corps. 当时是八月中旬，他们讨论德题目是隆美尔及其非洲军团德下场2. they pridicted the youth would have abright future他们预言，这个年轻人会有一个锦绣前程3. john was an aggressive salesman who did his job quite well. 约翰是个积极肯干德推销员，他工作得很出色4. hetler prusued an aggressive policy after he seized power 希特勒夺取了政权后就推行侵略政策5. hans was too obviously flattering the gentleman by saying he was the most courageous man he had ever seen 汉斯说，这位先生是他所见过的最有胆识的人。
这种阿谀奉承未免过于露骨6. mr. brown felt greatly flattered when he received the invitation to deliver a lecture. 布朗先生接到作演讲的邀请时感到非常荣幸一将斜体的派生名词译成动词1. an acquaintance of world historyj is helpful to the study of current affairs.读一点世界史，对学习时事是有帮助的2. his very appearance at any affair proclaims （声明）it a triumph 无论什么事情，只要他一露面，就算是成功了3. alloy （合金）steels are formed by the addition of one or more of the folllowing elements: nickel, tungsten, silicon and small amounts of other alloying elements加进一些一种或几种元素可制成各种合金钢：镍、钨、硅和少量别的合金元素4. he urged upon citizens of the country the necessity of persisting in participation in political controversies.他告诫全国公民，必须坚持参加政治论战二将斜体的动作名词译成动词1. on the walk through the city they saw breadlines 在走过市区的时候，她们看见领救济食物的人排着长队2. a view of Mt. Fuji can be obtained from here 从这里可以看到富士山3. at the thought of the mishap(灾祸) his legs stiffened under him and couldn't movea step further他一想到这场灾难，两腿就像有千斤重，再也挪不动一步了4. after an iimpatient oath or two, she got her hair away from her eyes, sufficiently to obtain a sight of him她不耐烦地咒骂了一两声，把头发从眼睛上拨开，才看到了他三将斜体的由动词加后缀er (or)构成的名词译成动词1. hi is no smoker , but his father is a chain-smoker他倒是不抽烟，但他爸爸却一支又一支不停地抽2. he was a regular vistor他经常来3.she is a lover of chinese painting 她热爱中国画四将斜体的名词（前面由一个较固定的动词，两者合成一个短语）译成动词1. he has already made mention of the matter in his speech 他在讲演中曾提到过这件事2. he showed with his eyes that he heard, but made no sign of assent or dissent.他瞧了他一下，表示他听见了，但没有表示同意或不同意3. the party branch secretary showed great concern for the students' health 党支书很关心学生的健康4. she had high praise for Dr. Higpan, although she complained about his strictness 她高度赞扬了西格潘一声，但抱怨他过于严格五将斜体的前置词译成动词1. up the street they went, past stores, across a broad ssquare, and then entered a huge building.他们沿着大街去，经过许多商店，穿过一个大广场，然后进入了一座大厦2. we drove home a bit after midnight, over the river and through the lovely old sleeping town时过午夜，我们驱车回家。