环境工程专业英语pollution污染 acid rain酸雨 environmental problem环境问题 environmental disturbance环境破坏biotic habitat生物环境sulfur dioxide二氧化硫nitrogen oxide氧化氮carbon dioxide二氧化碳automobile exhaust汽车尾气 infectious diseases有传染性的疾病waterborne diseases水传染的疾病agrarian society农业社会 industrial society工业社会industrial revolution产业革命 urbanization城市化industrialization工业化 developed country发达国家developing country发展中国家 undeveloped country落后国家primary air pollutant一次大气污染物 secondary air pollutant二次大气污染物monoxide一氧化物dioxide二氧化物 trioxide三氧化物 carbon monoxide一氧化碳 carbon dioxide二氧化碳 sulfur dioxide二氧化硫 sulfur trioxide三氧化硫 nitrous oxide一氧化二氮nitric oxide一氧化氮nitrogen dioxide二氧化氮carbon oxides碳氮化物 sulfur oxides硫氧化物 nitrogen oxides氮氧化物 hydrocarbons碳氢化合物 photochemical oxidants光化学氧化物 particulates颗粒物 inorganic compound无机化合物organic compound有机化合物radioactive substance放射性物质heat热noise噪声contaminant污染物strength强度foreign matter杂质domestic sewage生活污水municipal wastewater城市废水microbe微生物microorganism微生物 bacteria细菌 total solids总固体inorganic constituents无机要素suspended solids (SS)固体悬浮物 volatile suspended solids (VSS)挥发性悬浮固体颗粒 organic matter有机物质 total organic carbon, TOC 总有机碳 chemical oxygen demand, COD化学需氧量biochemical oxygen demand, BOD生化需氧量 biodegradable可微生物分解的contamination污染recontamination再污染groundwater地下水surface water地表水restriction限制 colloid胶体 screening隔栅coagulation凝聚 flocculation絮凝 sedimentation 沉淀filtration过滤disinfection消毒chlorination氯化消毒prechlorination预加氯ozonation臭氧消毒 aeration曝气 softening软化 activated carbon活性炭 adsorption吸附reverse osmosis反渗透 desalination脱盐处理microbial degradation微生物降解 biological degradation生化降解 biofilm process生物膜法 activated sludge process 活性污泥法 attached-growth吸着生长 suspended-growth 悬浮生长 shock loading冲击负荷 organic loading有机负荷 mixed liquor suspended solids混合液悬浮固体metabolize使代谢化metabolism新陈代谢dissolved oxygen 溶解氧pretreatment process 预处理工艺primary clarifier初沉池 equalization basin均质池biological treatment process生物处理工艺 aeration basin曝气池 secondary clarifier二沉池biomass生物质heterotrophic bacteria异养菌 autotrophic bacteria自养菌 hydraulic retention time (HRT) 水力停留时间sludge residence time (SRT) 污泥停留时间solid waste 固体废物municipal城市化industrial工业的agricultural农业的 hazardous危险的 residential住宅的 commercial商业的 putrescible易腐烂的 combustible 易燃的 flammable可燃的 explosive易爆的 radioactive 放射性的Landfilling土地填埋incineration: 焚烧composting: 堆肥compaction: 压实，紧凑sanitary landfill卫生填埋 balance剩下的，余额，结余 batch-fed分批投料 refuse垃圾 municipal waste城市垃圾 perform: 执行 shut down: 关闭 energy recovery能量回收 incomplete combustion不完全燃烧 combustion燃烧 volume reduction体积缩小anaerobic厌氧硝化中英互译短语Biological degradation生化降解equalization basin调节池 aeration basin曝气池sludge blocs污泥絮体settling tank沉淀池 dissolved oxygen溶解氧suspended-growth悬浮生长pulverized refuse垃圾破碎 biofilm生物膜well-compacted landfill压实填埋场 nutrientsource营养源 mass-burning大量燃烧fluidized fed incarceration硫化床燃烧法soil conditioners土壤改良剂温室效应greenhouseeffect 由CO2引起的caust by CO2 世界碳预算the world carbon budget 天气自然波动natural fluctuations 全球变暖global warming 厌氧的anaerobic 腐烂Putrefied 甲烷methane臭氧层ozone layer 气候模型climatic model正常浓度：normal concentration 严重污染物：heavily polluted 决定因素：determining factor 光化学氧化物：photochemical oxidants 液体微滴：liquid particulates 含硫的：sulfur-containing 放射性物质：radioactiue substance 汽车尾气：automobile exhaust wet oxidation湿式氧化 1、 Environmentis the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us;that which we can see, hear, touch, smell, and taste. 环境是我们周围的物理和生物环境，我们可以看到、听到、接触到、闻到和品尝到的。
2、 Pollution can be definedas an undesirable change in the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of the air, water, or land that can harmfully affect the health, survival, or activities of humans or other living organisms污染可以定义为大气、水或者土壤在物理、化学或者生物方面的特征所产生的不愉快的变化，它对人类的健康、生存和活动或者其他的有机体都产生了有害的影响。
3、 Two examplesof interaction between systems that cause major environmental disturbances are presented-the buildupof atmospheric carbon dioxide, a global problem, and the acid rain problem, normally of regional nature目前大气中二氧化碳的增多，是一个全球性的问题，还有酸雨问题，一般来说它都具有一定的区域特性，这就是两个关于系统之间的相互联系而产生重大环境问题的例子。
4、With these improvements, however, have come disturbing side effects, such as lost arable land, disappearing forests, environmental pollution, and new organisms resistant to controls. 经过这些进步，尽管还是有一些破坏性的影响，例如耕地、森林的消失，环境的污染和新的生物反抗的控制 5、 Both phenomena, urbanization and industrialization, were and are fundamental causes of water and air pollution which the cities of that time were unable to handle.城市化和工业化两者的现象，是过去和现在水污染和大气污染的根本原因，在过去这些城市是处理不了的 6、 Rapid advances in technology for the treatment of water and the partial treatment of wastewater took place in the developed countries over the next few decades.在接下来的几十年理发达国家，在水治理和部分废水治理技术方面都取得了快速的进展。