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雅思剑桥4-8听力知识讲解

HOUSE-RENTINGPeoplelandlord / landlady (女)房东tenant房客agent/agency中介host family接待家庭guest客人neighbour邻居mover 搬家公司Feesrent 租金deposit 押金utility bills 水电费water / gas / electricity / telephone bill weekly/monthly每周的/每月的refundable可退回的insurance保险contract合同,合约reference number 参考号Location位置downtown / city centre市中心suburbs / outskirts 郊区urban/rural area市区/郊县address 地址north北, south南, east东, west西northwest西北;southwest西南northeast东北;southeast东南northern北边的district 区域road/street/avenue街道Accommodation 住宿property房产furnished and equipped 家电齐全decorated 装潢的guest house招待所homestay 寄宿家庭flat / apartment公寓studio apartment单身公寓single room单人间twin room 双人间(两个床)triple room 三人间Preferencepet 宠物refreshments/ snack点心special food / dietary requirement对于食物特殊要求food allergies/ be allergic to 对…食物过敏vegetarian素食主义者seafood海鲜Facility / Equipment / Apparatus 设备Belongings 财产living room客厅bedroom 卧室dining room饭厅kitchen厨房kitchen-dinerbathroom卫生间garden花园yard庭院cloakroom衣帽间study书房garage 车库car park 停车场lift电梯fire gate/exit紧急出口air conditioner / conditioning 空调heating取暖cabinet 橱柜plates and dishes 碗盘closed-circuit TV / video surveillance 闭路电视/监控系统TRAVELLINGTravel arrangementtravel agency旅行社tour guide导游guided tours带导游的旅行reserve/reservation预定book/booking预定recreation/ entertainment/ leisure娱乐relaxed 放松的refreshed 恢复精神的leaflet/ booklet/ brochure 小册子special offer 特价优惠discount 折扣Tourist Attraction旅游景点downtown 市中心countryside 郊区highlight热点rainforest雨林swamp / marsh 沼泽wetland湿地desert沙漠grassland草原bush灌木丛mountainous region山区waterfall 瀑布viewpoint 观景点,制高点viewing shelter观景棚historic(al) interest历史遗迹castle城堡cathedral大教堂palace 宫殿temple 寺庙botanical garden植物园market garden 商品菜园garden hall 花园厅art gallery画廊museum博物馆ancient temple古寺theme park主题公园organic farm有机农场fish farm 养鱼场aquarium水族馆undersea worlds海底世界amusement park游乐园orchard果园beach / coast/ shore沙滩、海滨hot spring温泉water mill水力发电站factory 工厂warehouse/storehouse 仓库dock港口dam水坝footbridge人行小桥restaurant 餐厅café咖啡馆bookshop 书店nature reserve 自然动物保护区rare breeds section 稀有动物保护区Great Barrier Reef大堡礁Stonehenge巨石阵Sydney Opera House悉尼歌剧院Tower of London伦敦塔American museum 美国博物馆ActivitiesOutdoor exhibit 户外展览bushwalk林中漫步hiking徒步旅行trekking跋涉camping野营campsite营地cycling骑自行车mountain climbing 爬山rock climbing / cliff walks攀岩barbecue 烧烤diving 潜水carving/ sculpture 雕刻model making 模型制作Entertainment娱乐star attraction 主秀musical instrument乐器keyboard键盘piano钢琴;pianist钢琴家string instrument弦乐器violin小提琴;violinist小提琴家cello大提琴;cellist大提琴家guitar吉他;guitarist吉他手guitarriniflute笛子drum鼓pop流行音乐jazz爵士乐folk民谣easy listening轻音乐classical古典音乐live music现场音乐disco跳舞厅pub酒吧clubhouse会所concert hall音乐厅opera house歌剧院complex 娱乐中心cultural centre 文化中心karaoke bars卡拉OKconcert音乐会symphony orchestra 交响乐团cinema电影院Studio Theatre演播剧场theatre剧院theatrical events戏剧theatrette 剧院exhibition展览department stores百货商场Transportationvehicle车辆four-wheel drive四驱车jeep吉普车minibus中巴coach长途客车railway station火车站Central Station中央车站airport机场river cruise游艇游览flight/ plane 飞机helicopter直升飞机shuttle bus班车tram 有轨电车cab / taxi计程车bicycle 自行车one-way 单程Stufffridge/ ice box 冰箱mop 拖把bucket 水桶tent 帐篷backpack 背包MEMBERSHIPDivisionssports club健身俱乐部fitness centre健身俱乐部gym健身房reception前台locker room更衣室keep-fit studio健身室dance studio舞蹈教室tennis court网球场swimming pool游泳池salad bar沙拉吧security entrance 安全入口Staffreceptionist前台接待人员coach/trainer教练instructor指导教练dietician饮食专家internal member内部人员external member外部人员clerk/staff 员工section/department manager 部门经理Registrationapplication form申请表reference number档案号passport photo护照照片present address 现住址postcode 邮编contact number 联系号码documents for ID/ ID card证明文件identity card 身份证driver’s license驾照passport护照student card学生证bank statement银行对账单utility bills (water, electricity, phone, gas)水电费账单reference letter from employer雇主证明信joining fee入会费annual fee年费discount 折扣door-to-door service 送货上门SportsTEAM SPORTSsoccer/ football足球beach volleyball沙滩排球basketball篮球baseball棒球hockey曲棍球handball手球BALL GAMESgolf高尔夫badminton羽毛球table tennis乒乓球RACKET BALLtennis网球squash壁球EXERCISEboxing拳击kick-boxing搏击judo柔道yoga瑜伽cycling 骑自行车jogging慢跑aerobics有氧运动stretch class拉伸运动CARmake 牌子model 型号manufacturer 厂商engine size排量(litre升, cc)gear change 变速器manual 手动挡automatic 自动挡top speed 最高速mileage 里程数instrument panel 仪表盘frame 车架wheel (front, rear) 车轮(前轮,后轮)steering wheel方向盘car bumper保险杠insurance company 保险公司Rolls-Royce 劳斯莱斯part exchange 部分抵换BANKINGPaymentcash现金check(cheque)支票credit card 信用卡(VISA, MASTER, American Express)Currencyforeign currency 外汇exchange rate 汇率pound £dollar $euro ?Opening an accountcurrent account 活期账户deposit account定期账户joint account 联合账户instant account 速成账户select account 高级账户opening sum 开户额identity security身份认证bank statement 银行对账单Transactiondeposit 存款withdraw (withdrawal) 取款overdraft/ overdraw 透支balance 余额interest 利息interest rate 利率teller 出纳transfer 转账loan贷款JOB AND INTERVIEWPersonal details application form 申请表occupation 职业department 部门recruit 招募part-time job 兼职employer 雇主employee 雇员clerical assistant 文书officer assistant 行政助理waiter 服务员cook 厨师temporary staff 临时工Requirementpotential 潜力cooperative 合作性independent 独立地individual 个人地problem solving 解决问题能力obey 遵循conformity 顺应creativity 创造力talent 天资teamwork 团队合作encourage 鼓励attitude 态度conflict 矛盾behavior 行为culture 文化workplace 工作地点stress/ strain 压力tension 紧绷Benefitprofit 收益reward 报酬tip 小费incentive 奖励诱因day / late shift 白班/晚班break 休息时间Dress codeuniform 制服shirt 衬衫trousers 裤子waistcoat 背心jacket 夹克COURSE DELIVERYStaffhead领导principal校长faculty师资lecturer讲师instructor导师tutor导师director主任convenor老师administration行政管理counselor顾问consultant顾问assistant助理supervisor监管者treasurer财务主管CoursesAdvanced English Studies高级英语研究General English普通英语Academic English学术英语Gender Studies性别研究Second Language Acquisition第二语言习得Indigenous Women’s Lives当地的妇女生活Course objectives/purposesanalyze materials分析材料build technique建立技巧improve clarity改善(文字表达的)清晰度develop literacy skills提高文字表达技能motivational side激发积极性的方面positive积极的enthusiastic热心的、热情的Sessionsprocedure程序session(一节)课enroll报名参加register 注册登记book/reserve in advance提前预定consecutive连续的course type 课程类型diploma course文凭课程modular course 模块课程training session 培训课程refresher course补习课程intensive course强化课程review course复习课程orientation新生指导课程introduction入门课lecture讲座tutorial辅导课seminar研讨会group discussion小组讨论workshop讨论会debate辩论experimentequipment & facility needed需要的设施balloon气球paperclip回纹针cardboard卡纸板string线绳drill钻机pin大头针bolt门闩crystal结晶SubjectBiology生物Biophysics生理Cartography绘图法Economics经济学Education教育Engineering工程学Elementary Physics基础物理学Finance金融Geography地理Mathematics数学Marketing营销Politics政治Sociology社会学Statistics统计学Social Science社会科学Topography地形学Education primary school小学secondary school初中undergraduate本科postgraduate研究生Bachelor学士Master硕士Doctor博士ASSIGNMENTCourseworkassignment作业essay论文video report视频报告case study案例分析project项目presentation演示,报告dissertation学位论文experiment实验written work书面作业proposal计划、提议Methodologyembark on/upon开始从事……(工作、研究)branch study分支研究small-scale study小范围研究research area/field研究领域reasons for changing accommodation搬家原因entertainment industry娱乐业music preference音乐偏好material sources资料来源embassy大使馆research process研究过程select appropriate data/statistics/figures筛选恰当的数据analyze v.分析analysis n.分析analytical adj.分析的collate results核对结果identify鉴定,验明investigation/survey methods/approach/strategy调查方法1) questionnaire 问卷调查response rate回复率respondent受访人substance实质consensus一致意见confidentiality保密reassurance保证traceable可查出的2) Interview采访telephone interview电话采访face-to-face interview面对面的采访3) observation观察4) field trip(科研人员)实地调查旅行、(学生)校外考察旅行Requirementsdeadline最后期限timetable/schedule时间表priority优先submit/hand in上交extension延期reasons for extension延期的原因medical or compassionate reasons由于身体原因或有特殊困难writing convention写作规范essential recommendation必要的推荐length/word limit篇幅/字数限制check out检查typos拼写错误formatting格式layout排版sequence顺序title标题subheadings副标题bullet points要点列举chapter/section章,节contents page目录页outline提纲numbering编码page numbers页码headers页眉footers页脚conclusion结论bibliography参考书目draft初稿Assessmentreview批改revise v.修改revision n.修改evaluation评估assess评价drawback不足marking criteria评分标准feedback反馈inform告知oral / written test口(笔)试placement test分级考试LIBRARYLoansbooks书籍textbooks 教材reference book 参考书fiction小说manual手册periodical期刊current / back issue 现(过)刊journal 学术期刊newspaper(papers)报纸(local, national)magazine杂志multimedia materials多媒体资料audio-visual materials 音像材料video录像cassette磁带tape录像带category 种类publisher出版人,出版方press出版社author作者Procedure borrowing/loan period借阅期限due date还书日overdue 过期fines 罚款renew 续借recall 预借FacilitiesCD-ROM 只读光盘database 数据库Internet access网络接入laptop 笔记本电脑scanner扫描仪photocopier复印机laser printer激光打印机overhead projector投影仪Other itemscatalog(ue)分类目录checklist检查清单CAMPUS LIFECollege facilitiesmain hall大厅,礼堂lecture room阶梯教室lecture theater演讲厅drama theater剧院halls of residence宿舍living quarters居住区refectory自助餐厅canteen自助餐厅cafeteria自助餐厅dining room食堂diner饭馆laboratory实验室media room媒体室resources room资源室computer center计算机中心fitness center/gym健身房stadium露天体育馆equipment room器材室student health center医务室insurance center保险中心counseling center咨询中心careers advice就业指导处travel agency旅行社college club学院俱乐部faculty office老师办公室Business Faculty商学院welfare office福利办公室union committee学校委员会nursery托儿所child care centre托儿所security measures安全措施video surveillance视频监控closed-circuit TV闭路电视Problemsdietary problem饮食问题food allergy食物过敏study problem学习问题unmotivated动力不足的demotivated失去动力的、消极的procrastination拖拉fail a subject学科挂科personal crisis个人危机lose self-esteem失去自尊disruption打扰socialize社交desperate绝望的financial assistance经济援助grant助学金scholarship奖学金low-interest loan低息贷款sponsor资助、赞助understaffed人员配备不足的BUSINESSoverheads经费*outlay经费investment投资capital资本strike罢工*takeover收购*issue发行stock股票share股份stock market股市market share市场份额outlet商店chain连锁retail零售wholesale批发*distributer分销商marketing市场营销campaign战略advertising广告sales销售额profit利润product产品production生产manufacture生产manufacturer出厂商storehouse/warehouse仓库competition竞争cooperation合作interest rates利率training培训*favorable terms优惠的条款innovation创新outdated落后的machinery机器(总称)management team/ layers管理层employer雇主employee雇员staff员工applicant申请者corporate公司organization组织corporate crime集团犯罪embezzlement盗用,侵吞fraud诈骗import进口export出口branch bank分行*parent organization母公司call centres电话客服中心real estate agency房屋中介*business setting商业环境BIOLOGYspecies物种sub-species亚种*gene pool基因库ancestor祖先descend传承breed繁殖rear养育extinction灭绝endanger濒危threaten威胁*eradicate灭绝*infest感染introduced animals外来动物wildlife reserve野生动物保护区nature reserve自然保护区*sanctuary 保护区*refuge保护区habitat栖息地prohibit禁止*quarantine service检疫局creature生物*parasite寄生虫*mite(s) 螨pest害虫insect昆虫honey bee蜜蜂reptile爬行动物snake蛇*serpent大蛇crocodile 鳄鱼dinosaur恐龙mammal哺乳动物lion狮子marine海洋的whale鲸鱼dolphin海豚shark鲨鱼sea horse海马kiwi几维鸟*emus鸸鹋*ostrich鸵鸟*penguin企鹅kangaroo袋鼠*pollinate授粉*flora植物群sting(昆虫)叮咬sense of smell嗅觉vision视觉,视野eye-sight 视力*skeleton骨骼organ(s)器官*limbs四肢*hoof蹄子horn角hair/fur皮毛skin/hide兽皮leather皮革*mane鬃毛*pouch育儿袋*scale鱼鳞tail尾巴*fin(s)鱼鳍shell(s)贝壳*beak喙feather羽毛wings翅膀flightless不会飞的chick雏鸟*hatch孵化*pellet(s)坚硬小球,团粒AGRICULTUREproduce农产品livestock牲畜*poultry家禽*fishstock养鱼业cattle牛群herd(兽)群crops农作物cereal crops谷物wheat小麦barley大麦grain谷粒*sweet potato红薯farmland农地*plough犁;耕地cultivation耕作husbandry农业,耕作*animal husbandry畜牧irrigation灌溉pot罐子pottery陶器clay粘土stone age石器时代*Neolithic新石器时代的hunter-gatherer狩猎和采集者dwellings居住地dweller居民inhabitant居民craftsman工匠carpenter木匠merchant商人money-lender借贷者*water wheel水车*water mill水磨坊*quarry采石场cottage农舍*stables马厩*iron forge打铁铺,锻铁厂*furnace熔炉*grinding shop磨坊*engine room发动机房*steam engine蒸汽机industry工业ENVIRONMENT*incineration plants垃圾焚化场*landfill sites垃圾填埋场carbon dioxide emission二氧化碳排放greenhouse effect温室效应greenhouse gas温室气体fuel燃料coal煤firewood柴火fossil fuels矿物燃料carbon fuelsrecycling回收再利用*household waste家庭垃圾*soil conditioner土壤调节剂recycling containers回收容器raw materials原始材料virgin materials原材料drop-off sites回收站*bring banks回收银行*toughened glass强化玻璃plastic bags塑料袋*water filtration水处理*fiberglass manufacture玻璃纤维制造*crushed glass碎玻璃*polystyrene cups聚苯乙烯杯子temperature温度humid潮湿humidity潮湿landscape风景,地形vegetation植被climate change气候变化windy有风的inland内陆的shady有树荫的evaporate蒸发leaf叶子*gust阵风;狂风canyon峡谷ocean currents洋流GEOGRAPHYAustralia澳大利亚England英格兰Scotland苏格兰Ireland爱尔兰Britain英国Canada加拿大Queensland昆士兰New South Wales新南威尔士Portuguese葡萄言语Spanish西班牙语Latin America拉丁美洲New Zealand新西兰Arctic Ocean北冰洋Antarctic南极洲Christchurch基督城Antarctic Treaty南极协议South Pole南极North Pole北极geographical features地理特征physical features物理特征dome穹顶census人口普查impact of tourism旅游业影响surface地表Earth地球planet行星desert沙漠volcano火山*monoliths巨石*spires尖顶hectares公顷caves洞穴drought干旱rainwater雨水vegetation植被wildlife野生动物*shallow-rooted species浅根物种fossil化石territory领地*outcrop露出地面的岩层plain平原plateau(x)高原cliff悬崖landscape地形erode腐蚀sandstone砂岩aboriginal土著的two-dimensional二维的lifestyle生活方式density密度myths and legends神话和传说dynamic(人或事物)相互作用的方式cause and effect因果关系technology技术pattern模式monitor监查interact互动migration迁移traffic density交通密度population density人口密度*ocean floor海床landsat= landsatellite 大地卫星satellite卫星distortion扭曲*aerial空气的ice age冰河时期aboriginal土著的*indigenous土生土长的,当地的symbolic象征性的sea levels海平面ocean currents洋流inland内陆characteristic(s)特征*naturalistic自然主义的,博物学的*template模型,样板CHEMISTRYcarbon dioxide二氧化碳ozone臭氧metal金属iron铁mineral矿物质nutrition营养物salinity盐分carbohydrate碳水化合物amino acid氨基酸protein蛋白质vitamin维生素*cholesterol胆固醇bitterness苦味sourness酸味kilocalorie千卡metabolism新陈代谢*photosynthesis光合作用fossil化石toxin毒素MSG (Monosodium Glutamate)味精digest消化indigestible无法消化的x-ray X射线。

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