室性心律失常的治疗策略
5 Buxton AE. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:1882-1890.
3 Connolly, et al. Circulation. 2000; 101:1247-1302.
Rev Esp Cardiol 2004; 57: 768-82
SCD的一级/二级药物预防
Well-designed prospective trials in pts with CHF have made it clear that survival is unchanged with use of AAD Treatment with Amio. In pts with CHF in the GESICA trial resulted in a trend toward reduction in CHF hospita-lization SCD and total mortality, which could not be re-produced in CHF-STAT Summary ➢ Evidences do not support the use AAD for primary prevention of SCD in post-MI or CHF-patients
室性心律失常的非药物治疗
(ICD vs AAD)
60% 50%
54%
60%
% Mortality Reduction
40% 30% 20%
31%
37%
20%
30%
10%
0%
AVID1
3 years
CASH2
2 years
CIDS3
3 years
MADIT4 MUSTT5
2 years 5 years
MADIT II6
1 The AVID Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:1576-1583.
2 years
4 Moss AJ. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:1933-1940.
2 Kuck, et al. Circulation. 2000; 102:748-754.
室性心律失常的药物治疗
药物选择依据 ➢ 基础心脏病变 ➢ 心功能状态 ➢ 药物副作用 ➢ 总体死亡率
室性心律失常的药物治疗
抗心律失常药物 ➢ Ib, IC类药物 ➢ Beta Blockers ➢ Amiodarone and Sotalol ➢ 钙拮抗剂
合并心功能不全时的药物选择
胺碘酮是较为理想的药物 索他洛尔不适用于心衰合并VT -阻滞剂可减低心梗后心衰并VT猝死率 I类药物因其较强的负性肌力作用和致心律失 常作用应避免使用
Murray KT, et al. Heart Rhythm 2007;4:S88 –S90
反复发生在非缺血性DCM患者的室性心律失常 Evidence-based predictors
Curves for survival without arrhythmia recurrences in patients treated with ACEI (n = 57) and without ACEI (n = 28)
室性心律失常的治疗策略
Managing Strategies of Ventricular Arrhythmias
Anatomical Layout of the Heart
室性心律失常—SCD的主要原因
全球:9,000,000 / 年;平均生还率小于1% 西欧:300,000 / 年;平均生还率2-3% 美国:250,000-350,000 / 年 中国:心血管疾病致死54万/ 年
Underlying Arrhythmias of Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Torsades de Pointes 13%
Bradycardia 17% NhomakorabeaVT 62%
Primary VF 8%
Bayés de Luna A. Am Heart J 1989,117:151-159.
New and investigational antiarrhythmic agents
Ion channel inhibitors ➢ Azimilide ➢ Tedisamil ➢ Dronedarone ➢ Celivarone (SSR149744C) ➢ ATI-2042 ➢ PM101 ➢ JTV-519 ➢ Ranolazine
Arial repolarizationdelaying agents ➢ Vernakalant (RSD1235) ➢ AVE-0118 ➢ AZD7009 ➢ KCB-328 ➢ Tertiapin-Q
具有抗VA作用的上游药物
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) Angiotensin receptor Blocker (ARBs) Aldosterone receptor antagonists Antiinflammatory agents Statins Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids Vitamin C
心脏猝死的危险因素
发生过心脏猝死事件 发生过室性心动过速 (VT) 心肌梗塞后的患者 (MI) 冠状动脉疾病 (CAD) 心衰患者 肥厚性心肌病 (HCM) LQTS、AQTS、BrS、CPVT Early Repolarization
室性心律失常的治疗措施
抗心律失常药物治疗 电复律和电除颤 心律复律除颤器(ICD) 射频导管消融 外科手术治疗 基因治疗?
室性早搏的药物治疗原则
➢ 无器质性心脏病也无症状的室早,一般不需要 治疗,如果症状明显者可考虑药物治疗:
➢ -阻滞剂 ➢ I类抗心律失常药物 ➢ 钙拮抗剂
器质性心脏病室早并不一定要用药物治疗,如 果症状明显、AMI、左心功能差时者药物治疗
Pharmacological Therapy of Ventricular Arrhythmias for Primary and Secondary Prevention of SCD