②新建机组投资大，运行效率低
总体来看，在新形势下： 随着社会经济的不断发展和电力市场改革的不断深化， 原先以政府行政命令式手段进行负荷调控的方式已越来越不适用，政府 开始着手研究通过市场化的需求响应等技术手段实现负荷调控。
4
1 背景介绍 Introduction
Current situation
of power system
3
1 背景介绍 Introduction
电网现状 •三产用电增长迅猛 •负荷能效水平不高 •移峰填谷不够合理 •用电习惯有待引导 • 夏季高温不断创高
2050
电网最高负荷不断创新高，调峰压力大
195开0 展此空调项贡工献率作持的续增意大，义最高达40%
传统措施
1850
导
1750
致
1650
1550
0:00 1:30 3:00 4:30 6:00 7:30 9:00 10:30 12:00 13:30 15:00 16:30 18:00 19:30 21:00 22:30
The maximum loads surges to record high. 2050 The load of air conditioner is reaching to 40%
1450
•电厂：新建机组
应
•电网：调峰机组
对
•政府：有序用电
•用户：节能改造
0:00 1:45 3:30 5:15 7:00 8:45 10:30 12:15 14:00 15:45 17:30 19:15 21:00 22:45
江苏某市夏季典型日电力负荷曲线
但：①工业结构正在调整，粗放式有序用电 社会影响大，无法保证公平
•Rapid growth of Tertiary Industry •Inefficiency of load reason energy •Unreasonable peakvalley shifting •Irregular electricity consumption habit •Continuously high temperature in summer
空调等非生产性负荷具有明显的季节性和时段性特点，与电网峰谷差具有强关联性，导致 电网最高负荷95%以上仅为70~80小时。国家每年需投入巨资用于电厂和电网的建设，造成了 社会资源的极大浪费。
Air conditioning and other non-productive loads have obvious seasonal and time characteristics, and a strong correlation with the peak-valley difference. The length of time when loads in the system reaches 95% of the maximum load is short, only 70 to 80 hours. China has to invest heavily in power plants and power grid construction, which is a great waste of sources.
1950 1850 1750 1650 1550 1450
A Typical Daily Electric Load Curve in Summer in a City of Jiangsu
Traditional
methods
Solution
•Power plants： new generators •System：peak load units •governments： orderly electricity consumption •consumers： energy saving
峰谷差逐年增大。2015年江苏电网空调负荷为2700万千瓦，接近当年最高负荷的1/3；最大
峰谷差亦接近2100万千瓦，约占最高负荷的1/4。
In recent years, the rapid growth of non-productive loads, such as air
conditioning, are becoming the main reason for the high peak load of ele 背景介绍 Introduction 2 需求响应在江苏的实践 Implement of DR 3 江苏需求响应的商业模式 Business Model of DR 4 应用展望 Prospects
1
1 背景介绍 Introduction
近年来，空调等非生产性负荷的急剧增长已成为电网高尖峰负荷的主因，并导致全省电网
power system. In 2015, air-conditioning load
万千瓦 104 kW
in the power system of Jiangsu,
reaching to 27 million kilowatts,
almost 1/3 of the year's maximum
However: ①Industrial structure is being adjusted, extensive electricity saving has large impact on society, which can not guarantee the fairness. ②New units need large investment and operating efficiency is low.
2
1 背景介绍 Introduction
万千瓦 *104 kW
8000
6000
最高负荷95%以上仅为74.9小时
Only 74.9h above 95% of the maximum load
4000
2000
江苏2015年负荷利用小时数曲线 Load-Hours Curve of Jiangsu Province in 2015
loads; peak-valley difference is also
reaching to 21 million kilowatts,
accounting for about 1/4 of the
maximum load.
江苏近5年最高空调负荷及最大峰谷差变化趋势 The Trends of Max AC Load and Max Peak valley Difference in Jiangsu in Recent 5 Years