9. Itraatrial Septum
10. Intraventricular Septum
Purkinje Fibers
11. Left Atrium 12. Mitral Valve
13. Left Ventricle
Identify Structure
Name
Identify the Two Structures
Basic Anatomy & Conduction System
位置
位于纵隔腔内
左右肺之间
2/3 在中线左侧
方向：右后上－左前下
Mid Line
右心房
概述： 心房为薄壁，低压心腔
左右心房以房间隔分隔
导管从右心房到左心房，需行 房间隔穿刺术，经卵圆窝通路
进入左心房
右心房： 在右心室收缩期充盈 接受来自于SVC，IVC，CS的 血液 静脉血
箭头代表血流方向
肺循环
右心系统
从静脉接受低氧血 将低氧血回流至肺组织
左心系统
从肺组织接受高氧分血液
将高氧分血液输送至全身
组织
动脉系统
输送血液离开心 脏，至全身系统
管壁较厚
静脉系统
携带血液回流至心脏 管壁较动脉壁薄 内含静脉瓣
毛细血管
最小的血管 管壁厚度仅为一个细胞厚度 通过管壁直接进行交换
冠状动脉
a. b. c. d. e. RV Apex Tricuspid valve Mitral valve Pulmonary veins AV node
Anatomy Review
The right side of the heart
a. Sends unoxygenated blood to the lungs b. Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs c. Send oxygenated blood to the systemic circulation d. Serves as a reservoir for left sided pumping e. Receives blood from the pulmonary veins
Anatomy Review
The tricuspid valve connects the
a. b. c. d. e. Left atrium with left ventricle Right atrium with left atrium Right atrium with right ventricle Right ventricle to left ventricle Left atrium to pulmonary valve
右心房
IVC
右心房
IVC
Tricuspid Valve Annulus (TVA)
IVC
Right Auricle (or) Right Atrial Appendage
IVC
IVC
柯氏三角
点
CS窦口 His 束
边缘
Todaro氏腱 三尖瓣环
IVC
左心房
左心房 在左心室收缩期充盈 接受来自肺静脉的血液 动脉血
2. ?/OS of Superior Vena Cava 3. Right Atrium 4. OS of Inferior Vena Cava
Internodal Tracts
AV Node Bundle of His
Bundle Branches
5. Coronary Sinus
6. Inferior Vena Cava 7. Tricuspid Valve 8. Right Ventricle
Anatomy Review
Describe normal conduction sequence in the heart
a. SA Node, Internodal Tracts, Bachman’s Bundle, Bundle Branches, AV Node, Bundle of His, Purkinje Fibers b. AV Node, Internodal Tracts, Bachman’s Bundle, SA Node, Bundle of His, Bundle Branches, Purkinje Fibers c. SA Node, Internodal Tracts, Bachman’s Bundle, Bundle of His, AV Node, Bundle Branches, Purkinje Fibers d. SA Node, Purkinje Fibers, Bachman’s Bundle, AV Node, Bundle of His, Bundle Branches, Internodal Tracts e. SA Node, Internodal Tracts, Bachman’s Bundle, AV Node, Bundle of His, Bundle Branches, Purkinje Fibers
The coronary arteries
a. Supply O2 rich blood to the heart b. Receive O2 poor blood from the heart c. Pumps blood from the left ventricle to the high pressure systemic circulation d. Sends O2 poor blood to the right atrium e. Only artery that sends O2 poor blood
1
2
Anatomy Review
Which structure is the most superior?
a) b) c) d) Fossa Ovalis AV Node Bundle of His RV apex
Anatomy Review
Which structure is the most posterior?
Bundle of His Bundle Branches Purkinje Fibers
Review
Cardiac Anatomy Quiz
Please identify the following anatomic points.
SA Node
Bachman’s Bundle
1. Superior Vena Cava
心内膜Endocardium
最内层Innermost layer Lines myocardium
心包Pericardium
心包腔Pericardial Sac
内含少量浆膜液Small amount of liquid
纤维骨架
纤维骨架
分离心房和心室 为心脏瓣膜提供框架
心脏瓣膜 (房室瓣)
只允许血液从心房单向流向 心室 三尖瓣连接 RA 和 RV 二尖瓣连接 LA和 LV 心室压力低于心房压力时， 房室瓣开放
The purpose of the papillary muscles is to a. Separate atria from the ventricles b. Prevent retrograde flow of blood from the ventricles to the atria c. Protect the endocardium from injury d. Unknown e. Pump O2 poor blood to the right atrium
Start of Ventricular Conduction System
Conducts impulses through septum to bundle branches
Normally the sole electrical connection between atria and ventricles
Anatomy Review
The right and a muscular wall called the
a. b. c. d. Fossa ovalis Septum Adventitia Media
Anatomy Review
冠状静脉
左冠状静脉 右冠状动脉 冠状窦（CS）回流 血液至右心房
心脏传导系统 Conduction System
心脏传导系统组成
窦房结（SA Node）
The heart’s main Pacemaker Located near junction of RA and SVC
Bachman’s Bundle
循环系统
循环系统
组成
泵器官
血液 管腔 作用: 维持内环境的稳定
运输功能：向体细胞运输养分,O2, 激素；从体细胞运出CO2,废物
调节功能： 调节体液平衡,PH值,以
及体温 保护功能：杀菌
两种循环，一个系统
两种循环，一个系统!!! 血液流动沿一个方向
一个无间隙的，闭合系统
心输出量在两种循环时是一 样的
conducts activation from SA node to LA
结间束（Internodal Tracts ）
Conducts activation from SA node across atria
纤维骨架（Fibrous Skeleton）
barrier to conduction from atria to ventricles
throughout the ventricles Tertiary pacemaker of the heart 20-40 bpm
Anatomy of the Conduction System