开始实施 规划中, 尚未实施
儿童乘员保护 安全汽囊 车顶抗压 行人保护 安全带 座椅头枕 转向机构 后碰 前后端防护 正碰 侧碰
95’ 98’ 03’ 06’ 08’ 09’ 10’ 1X’
中国的C-NCAP以Euro-NCAP为基础, 融入US-NCAP 的元素，已形成自己的特色，被各主机厂和广大消 费者接受,作为衡量汽车安全性的重要指标
2013/4/16
2006年开始实施以来， C-NCAP 每三年作一次改版。 每一次改版， 测试内容， 关 注重点， 评价标准等都发生变化。 总的趋势是难度越来越高。 按照此规律， 下 次改版是2015 年。 目前变化内容还不得而知
15版
？
FMVSS 208 Phase II Dynamic Tests
Occupant Responses
Ridedown Efficiency
Equivalent Square Wave
Dynamic Crush Belt Load Airbag Pressure
Restraint Characteristics
Stiffness
Knee Bolster Stiffness S/C stroke load S/W rim stiffness Nose wheel distance
5th 508 44 38 4925 1 0.69 1429 1739
FAC (n=3) FAC for SDG (n=2) 6 YO 3 YO 1 YO 5th 6 YO 508 414 283 779 723 44 41 37 73 60 29 25 53 40 1 0.69 1028 1256 1 0.69 780 952 1 0.68 538 663 1 1 2072 2520 1 1 1490 1820
Unit HIC G's mm N m/ s NIJ N N
5th 700 60 52 6805 None 1 2070 2520
208 Requirements 6 YO 3 YO 1 YO 700 570 390 60 55 50 40 34 None 1 1490 1820 None 1 1130 1380 None 1 780 16 960
20 25
Angular Rigid Barrier (&#et Deformable Barrier 15
FAC (Ford Acceptance Criteria), n =2
5
FMVSS 208 Out of Position Tests
Driver
5th Female CMVSS 208 NHTSA1 Chin on Module Canadian Chest 6 Year Old FMVSS 208 NHTSA2 NHTSA1 Head on IP Chest on IP
Slack 18
Torso Rim distance Slack in Seatbelt
6
The Role of CAE All solvable problems are trivial; All non-trivial problems are not solvable, unless you know how to do CAE (Madymo and LS-Dyna)
Impact Speed (mph)
20 25
Front Crash Test (FMVSS 208)
Requirements Unit
Front Rigid Barrier
0 35
HIC (15 ms) Chest Acceleration (3 ms) Chest Deflection Femur Load Neck Injury Criteria Upper Neck Tension Upper Neck Compression HIC G’s mm N Nij N N 700 500 60 50 63 50 10000 7120 1.0 0.7 4170 3116 4000 2980 700 500 60 50 52 41 6805 4841 1.0 0.7 2620 1958 2520 1883
Combined Front Seat Rating (20% Pole RR + 80% MDB RR) 1-5 stars Overall Side Crash Rating (avg of front and rear seat RR) 1-5 stars
Text to communicate the standard or optional presence of ESC, FCW and LDW
Injury Metrics: HIC36, pelvic force
Injury Metrics: HIC36, pelvic force
Combined Prob. of Injury
Combined Prob. of Injury
Probability of Rollover: Based on fishhook test and SSF
Front seat 5th% SID-IIs
Front seat 50th% ES2re Injury Metrics: HIC36, chest Def, abdomen force, pelvic force Combined Prob. of Injury
Rear seat 5th% SID-IIs
汽车乘员保护和约束系统介绍
陈伟刚 2013年4 月
Table of Contents
Overview Seatbelt Airbags Sensors Crash Dummies Pulse Characteristics System working together - optimization
3Y NHTSA-1 SDG APSN-1
6Y NHTSA-2
3Y NHTSA-2
SDG CPSN-1
Injury Criteria Head Injury Criteria (15 ms) Chest Acceleration (3 ms) Chest Deflection Femur Load V*C (Thorax Viscous - US Metric) Neck Injury Criteria (Upper) Neck Tension (Upper) Neck Compression (Upper)
19
Restraint Overview
Seat belt Passenger Airbag D-ring
RR
Pdriver base
RR
Ppassenger base
RR
Pfront sesat base
RR
Pfront sesat base
RR
Prear sesat base
RR
Proll base
Driver rating 1-5 stars
Pass rating 1-5 stars
2013/4/16
截至目前， 共172个车型参与测试。 星级逐年提升。 2， 3星减少， 5星增多。 5星占50%
2013/4/16
4
车系比重由大到小： 自主、 日系、 欧系、 韩系、 美系； 自主 品牌是评价的主体部分， 占到评价车型总数的40%左右
•欧美车星级较高， 95% 的车型达到4 星以 上评价， 无5+ 车型 •自主品牌表现稍逊一筹， 48% 的车辆得 到3 星以下评价
注: C-NCAP对主动安全有加分项
2009到2012的版本切换： 评价内容更多， 难度更高
2013/4/16
3
2012年上半年2009版C-NCAP结果； 总数是25个车， 70%是自愿申请；5星和5星加达75%
2013/4/16
2012下半年2012版C-NCAP结果； 自愿申请50%， 5 星占比50%
5 ( front crash RR ) 12
4 ( side crash RR ) 12
3 (rollover RR ) 12
Overall Vehicle Safety Score: 1-5 stars 17
Crash Pulse, Restraint, and Occupant Response
Front seat rating 1-5 stars
Front seat rating 1-5 stars
Rear seat rating 1-5 stars
Rollover rating 1-5 stars
Overall Front Crash Rating (avg of driver and pass RR) 1-5 stars
Front Loaded Residual Deformation Even Loaded Rear Loaded Centroid
Shape
Occupant size
Crash Pulse Characteristics Overall Stiffness
VPI
Injuries Madymo DYNA Kinematics Containment Seating position
与汽车行业的高速发展相对应, 汽车的安全性能 也得到业内各方参与者的日益关注
汽车安全性能的推动因素
1
6
道路交通安全的 严峻形势 主机厂市场竞争 的需要
2
国家法规的强制 要求
5
卓越的安 全性能
媒体的持续推动
4
3
第三方新车评价 规程的推动 消费者的益发关 注
4/16/2013
2
中国的汽车安全法规起步较晚, 主要参照ECE,已 颁布实施安全相关的法规38项,体系已基本建成