本科生毕业论文(设计)

题 目 水热法制备纳米羟基磷灰石

专 业 材料物理 水热法制备羟基磷灰石

摘要：羟基磷灰石具有良好的生物相容性能，在许多领域都得到了广泛的应用，其对蛋白质吸附问题更是成为了生物材料领域的一个研究热点。本文采用硝酸钙（Ca( NO3)2·4H2O） 和磷酸铵（( NH4)3PO4·3H2O）为原料，在水热的条件下合成了羟基磷灰石粉体。借助X射线衍射仪（ XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）对经过烧结样品的物相和微观形貌进行了分析，研究了水热温度对合成羟基磷灰石粉体的影响,并且用紫外可见光光度计测试其对蛋白质的吸附性能，研究结果表明，在设计的温度范围内，水热温度越高，反应生成的HA粉体结晶度就越高，颗粒越细小，微观性能优良，且制备的HA颗粒对蛋白质的吸附性能更好。

关键词：羟基磷灰石纳米晶体；水热法；生物陶瓷材料；蛋白质吸附

Hydrothermal synthesis of hydroxyapatite

Abstract：Hydroxyapatite has been widely used in biomedical field as its good

biocompatibility. The protein adsorption attracted increasing attention in the field

of HA based biomaterials. In this paper, hydroxyapatite was synthesized by the

hydrothermal method using calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) and ammonium phosphate

((NH4)3PO4) as raw materials. The structure and morphology of synthesized HA

were characterized by XRD and TEM. The protein adsorption of HA was tested by

the UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The results showed that the higher hydrothermal

temperature was contributed to higher crystallinity and smaller particles. Nano

HA powders which had good crystallinity were synthesized when the concentration

of reactants is 0.2mol/L and the hydrothermal temperature is 180℃,which led to

better adsorption properties of HA to the bovine serum albumin ( BSA).

Key words：Hydroxyapatite ；Hydrothermal；Nano particles；Protein adsorption

目 录

摘要 ·························· I

Abstract ························ II

1 绪论 ························· 1

1.1 羟基磷灰石的结构与性质 ······················· 1

1.1.1 羟基磷灰石的结构 ........................................................................... 1

1.1.2 羟基磷灰石的物理与化学性质 ........................................................... 3

1.1.3 羟基磷灰石的其他性质 ..................................................................... 3

1.2 羟基磷灰石粉体的制备方法 ······················ 4

1.2.1 沉淀法 ......................................................................................... 4

1.2.2 溶胶-凝胶法 .................................................................................. 4

1.2.3 水热法 ......................................................................................... 4

1.2.4 超声波合成法 ................................................................................ 5

1.2.5 固态合成法 ................................................................................... 5

1.2.6 自蔓延高温合成法 .......................................................................... 6

1.3 水热法制备HA粉体的研究现状 ···················· 6

1.3.1 水热法的应用 ............................................................................... 6

1.3.2 水热法制备HA的发展 .................................................................. 7

1.4 提出本课题的目的以及研究内容 ···················· 9

2 实验方法 ······················· 9

2.1 实验过程 ······························ 9

2.1.1 实验原料 ....................................................................................... 9

2.1.2 实验仪器 ..................................................................................... 10

2.1.3 HA粉体制备工艺流程 ................................................................... 10

2.1.4 蛋白质的吸附实验过程 ................................................................... 12

2.2 性能表征 ······························ 12

2.2.1 TEM分析 .................................................................................... 12

2.2.2 XRD分析 .................................................................................... 13

2.2.3 紫外分光光度计分析蛋白质的吸附 ................................................... 13

3 水热法制备纳米HA工艺过程研究 ············ 15

3.1 工艺参数 对粉体性能的影响 ···················· 15

3.1.1 沉淀性能 ..................................................................................... 15 3.1.2 TEM分析 .................................................................................... 19

3.1.3 XRD分析 .................................................................................... 25

3.2 HA的水热制备机理 ·························· 26

3.2.1 水热法前驱物的溶解机制 ............................................................... 26

3.2.2 水热法晶核形成机理 ...................................................................... 26

3.2.3 水热法制备HA的机理 ................................................................... 27

4 蛋白质的吸附研究 ··················· 29

4.1 水热温度对HA吸附蛋白质的影响 ·················· 29

4.2 高温热处理对HA吸附蛋白质的影响 ·················· 31

5 结论 ························· 35

参考文献 ························ 36

致谢 ·························· 38