专业英语讲义教材：电气信息类专业英语王群主编适用专业：电气工程主讲教师：邓秋玲一主讲内容第１章专业英语的文体特点（１学时）第２章专业英语翻译（１学时）第３章专业英语文献及其检索和阅读（１学时）第４章专业英语论文组织和写作（１学时）第５章专业英语阅读材料（２０学时）二参考教材１电气工程及其自动化专业英语戴文进主编者电子工业出版社２电气自动化专业英语李久胜主编．哈尔滨工业大学出版社３科技英语保清主编．中国农业机械出版社．１９８６Chapter one Literary Feature of Specialized English1.1 Introduction1 Purpose:To study specialized English aims at training students’comprehension and application ablity to specialized English, and letting them to grasp some requisite specialized terms for speciality reading.basic skill and knowledges. thereby they can acquire the newest specialized knowledge(expertise) for science and technology. information data and other information relative to speciality by means of English, and positively take part in international interflow course of science and technology.2 The definition of specialized English[1]:I n general speaking, English can be divided into two classes,one is common English or general English or ordinary English and English for science and technology,the other Specialized English or English for special[2]The relation of English for science and technology and specialized English1.2 lexical characteristicAs the developing of English,old vocabularies eliminate gradually while new ones spring up constantly.1.2.1lexical classification1 special technical words such as diode,substation.2 special sub-technical wordsspecial sub-technical words are words used in common by many specialities and subjects while they have different meanings/connotations in different specialities and subjects such as power, condenser.3 non-technical words used in common English.1.2.2 lexical constitution1 compositionSuch as: horsepower, push-pull, power utilization (noun+noun)Ice-cold, feedback, power-driven, time-varying, nw-type, dark-blue,red –hot, fine-looking, ready-made, clear-cut small-sized,above-mentioned, far-reaching,overhead, pick-me-up, out-of -door2 conversion3 derivation4 shortening[1] clipped words Such as ad(advertisement), fig(figure), exam(examination), lab(laboratory) Math(mathematics), plane(airplane)[2] acronyms such as:laser-light amplification by stimulated emission of radiationRadar-radio detecting and ranging, modem-modulator demodulatorCOMSAT,CMOS,MOSFET.RAM,ROMSPICE(Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis)TOEFL-Test of English as a Foreign Language[3] initialsSuch as:AC, DC, CD, VLSIC,EDA, CB, PCB.RMS HVDC[4] abbreviationSuch as:Appx, Fig. Amp.[5] blendingSuch as:motel-motorist hotel, positron-positive electron.[6] letter symbolizingSuch as:X-ray, U-shaped magnet, H-frame structure, Y-connection[7] name namingSuch as:Ohm’s law1.3 语法特点汉语的语法准则是达意,强调意合,语法特点注重“时间顺序”英语的语法准则是完形,强调形合,语法特点注重“空间顺序”,以谓语动词为核心，用各种形式的短语或从句构筑句子框架，讲究空间层次。

Specialized English must have characteristics of objectivity,accuracy and conciseness.1 广泛地使用被动语态Such as:Other characteristic,such as frequency,wave shape,and phase balance are seldom recognized by the comsumers but are given constant attention by electric power utility engineers.所有及物动词都可用于被动语态中，某些不及物动词与介词构成动词短语后也可用于被动语态中。

2广泛地使用非谓语动词Purpose:conciseness[1] 动名词:用动名词短语来取代时间从句或简化时间陈述句.Such as:When it is forward biased(when being forward biased),the diode begins to conduct with only a small forward voltage across it.[2] 分词such as:A three-phase circuit ,as ( it was ) pointed out above, is merely a combination of three single circuits.The transistor(which is )working with correct polarities can work as an amplifier.[3] 不定式:表目的和功能等从句可用不定式短语来代替．The function of a fuse is to protect a circuit.3 省略句使用多常见有以下四种句子成份的省略：[1］出现在并列复合句中的省略,后面分句与前面分句相同的部分可省略.Such as:The earth attracts the moon and the moon the earth.[2] 某些状语从句中的省略.Such as :If (it is)possible,the open-loop control approach should be used in this system.常用的省略形式的:As already discussed,as explained before, as indicated (shown)in fig.1, as previously mentioned, if so ,when needed, where feasible, where possible.[3] 共用介宾的省略It is necessary to find out the current through and the voltage across this R.[4] 由hence (or thus)引出的句子可省去谓语动词.Such as:Transistor in the figure has its semiconductor materials arranged p-n-p,hence the name pnp transistor.4 it句型和祈使句使用多It is very important(possible,natural,inevitable---It is clear(obvious)---5 复杂长句多No so much limitation is placed on AC motor;here the only requirement is relative motion,and since a stationary armature and rotating field system have numerous advantages,this arrangement is a standard practice for all synchronous motor rated above a few kilovolt-amperes.6 后置的形容词短语作定语多The instrument present included some digital ones relative to DSP.1.4 rhetoric characteristic1 general present tense is in wide use.2 diagram .chart and formula are in wide use3 逻辑-语法作用多Although it is intangible,electricity can be measured in amount and quality.Once the switch is fully on ,the on-state voltage Uon will be on the order of a volt or so depending on the device,and it will be conducting a current Io.Chapter two specialized English translation2.1 types .standard.process and basic steps of translation1 types of translation2 standard3 process:comprehension, expression, check.4 stps2.2 lexical translation1 select meaning of words英语词义比较灵活,词的涵义范围比较宽,富于变化,其词义对上下文的依赖性比较大,独立性较小.words do not have meanings,people have meaning for words.[1] according to type of words[2] according occasion used such as:power[3] according to 词的搭配习惯[4] 根据句子意思或主谓语的逻辑关系选择词义In order to develop our power industry,we must also lay stress on the development and construction of nuclear power station.This switch-mode power supply can develop 24V DC voltage.The development of new power electronic devices is very important to develop power electronic technology.[5] 根据名词的数选择词义Noun meaning of singular meaning of plural device 意见,劝告报道,消息dimension 尺寸,维数,量纲面积,范围divider 分压器,除法器两脚规function 函数,功能任务,责任fundamental 基频,基音基础,原理main 要点,主要部分电力线,电网,电源scale 标度,尺度天平,称installation 安装装置2 词义的引申[1] 词义的转译Perhaps the only trouble with power transformer was that it was not small enough for some uses.The differences between single-board microcomputers and single-chip ones do not stop here.[2] 词义的具体化Other things being equal, copper wire is cheaper than aluminum one.[3] 词义的抽象化HVDC transmission does not know this problem.Three are three steps which must be taken,before we graduate from the integrated circuit technology.[4] 词的搭配Such as: These vacuum tubes will see use in the output stage.3词量的变化[1] 增词Electronics is the science of the electrons电子学是研究电子的一门科学.Noises may develop in a worn engine。