细粒棘球绦虫课件
• 病例1: • 07.03.11 • 首例肝包虫病再现广州, • 近日,广州市第一人民医院鹤洞分
院的医务人员救治了一例因肝包虫 病病灶破裂引起严重腹腔感染的患 者。
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• 患者陈生,两年前无意之中发现自己右上 腹有一肿块,腹部也随之逐渐增大隆起, 一个月前他感到腹部剧痛难忍,腹内肿块 也触摸不到了。随即到医院就医,经检查 后决定实施剖腹探查手术,发现腹腔内广 泛粘连,并有一直径20厘米的乳白色囊肿 已破裂,肝右叶内可见两个直径分别为20 厘米和6厘米的囊肿,呈现典型包虫病囊 内有囊的形态。
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细粒棘球绦虫 Echinococcus granulosus
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肝包虫病、肺包虫病、脑包虫病、皮下、 眼包虫、骨包虫、脾包虫、肾包虫等
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• 2、过敏症状:囊内虫体蛋白不断渗出或囊 肿破裂、囊液外溢,发生过敏反应,常有 荨麻疹、血管神经性水肿,甚至过敏性休 克。
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五、流行与防治 (epidemiology, control and treatment)
注意个人卫生,不喝生水、生奶,不玩狗、 羊等。
严格处理病死的牛、羊内脏。 犬舍与畜圈分开,并对病犬驱虫治疗。 治疗病人,以手术为主。药物治疗可用吡
包虫病的X线检查
纵
肺包虫病
隔
包
虫
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肝棘球蚴X光片
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棘球蚴寄生腹腔
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腹腔多发包虫病
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包虫病的X线检查
骨包虫病
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棘球蚴寄生于脑
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• 3、中毒和胃肠功能紊乱:食欲减退、体重 减轻、消瘦、发育障碍、恶病质现象。
• 4、继发性感染和继发性棘球蚴病 棘球蚴 破裂,囊液外溢,引起炎症同时棘球砂落 入体腔可致继发性棘球蚴病。
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喹酮、丙硫咪唑等药物。
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本节小结(重点、难点)
• 棘球蚴形态结构特点及其致病作用和致病 机理
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任何组织,常为单发,且生长速度缓慢
若因棘球蚴破裂进入人的体腔,生发层或原头 蚴又可发育为新的棘球蚴(多个)
成虫寿命5-6个月
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人可作为中间宿主,棘球蚴可在人体存活 40 年以上。
在牛羊及人体内的发育
虫卵
六钩蚴
棘球蚴
(外界) (小肠) (肝、肺、腹腔等)
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生活史特征
characteristics of life cycle
终末宿主为犬、狼等食肉动物 中间宿主是牛、羊及人 感染期是虫卵,中间宿主经口食入而受染 棘球蚴主要寄生于肝,其次是肺,也可寄生于
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• 确诊为肝包虫囊肿。 • 患者手术治疗非常成功。 • 陈生是广州市民,素有秋冬季节“打边
炉”的习惯,尤其喜食狗肉、羊肉生锅。
10%甲醛、无水酒精灭活囊蚴;
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取出包虫囊壁
吸出包虫囊液
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3.幼虫(棘球蚴)
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棘球蚴
生 发 囊
原 头 蚴 ( 节 )
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术前
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术后
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一、形态(morphology)
1.成虫
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2.虫卵
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• 不育囊:棘球蚴内没有原头蚴、生发囊、 子囊。
• 外生性原头蚴
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二、生活史(life cycle)
在犬体内的发育
棘球蚴 原头蚴 成虫
孕节或虫卵
(病畜内脏)(小肠)(小肠)(粪→水/牧草/皮毛)
四、实验诊断(diagnosis)
询问病史 有无与牛、羊、犬的接触史及是否来自 流行区等资料对诊断很有价值。
影像检查 如CT、MRI、B超等,有助于囊肿的定 位、定数量。
免疫学试验 常用皮试、IHA、ELISA、免疫印迹技 术(western blot)等,有重要的价值。
病原诊断 常在术后查棘球砂或对囊壁切片检查; 对肺型患者的咳出物检查。
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三、致病(pathogenesis)
1、局部压迫和刺激症状 棘球蚴生长压迫 周围组织,造成组织萎缩坏死,引起压迫和 刺激症状。
特点:慢性病(类似良性肿瘤),临床类 型与寄生部位有关。临床类型: