改错练习(1)（一）Americans this year will swallow 15000 tons ofaspirin, one of safest and most effective drugs 1.__________invented by man. The most popular medicines in the 2.__________ world today, it is an effective pain reliever. Its badeffects are relatively mild, and it is cheap.For millions of people suffered from arthrities, 3.__________it is the only thing that works. Aspirin, in short, istruly the 20th-century wonder drug. It is also thesecond largest suicide drug and is the leading cause ofpoisoning among children. it has side effects that, if 4.__________ relatively mild, are largely unrecognized between users. 5.__________ Although aspirin was first sold by Germam companyin 1899, it has been around much longer than that.Hippocrates, in ancient Greece, understood the medical valueof the leaves and tree bark which today is known to 6.__________ contain salicylates, the chemical in aspirin. during the19th century, there was a great number of experimentation 7.__________ in Europe with this chemical, and it led in the introduction 8.__________ of aspirin. By 1915, aspirin tablets were availablein the United States.A small quantity of aspirin(two five-grain tablets)relieves pain and inflammation. It also reduces down 9.__________ fever by interfering with some of the body's reactions.Specifically, aspirin seems to slow down the formationof the acids involved in pain and the complex chemicalreactions that cause fever. The chemistry of these acidsis not fully understood, and the slowing effect of aspirin 10.__________ is well known.二Crime has its own cycles, a magazine reportedsome years before. Police records that were studied 1.__________for five years from over 2400 cities and towns showa surprised link between changes in the season and 2.__________crime patterns.The pattern of crime has varied very littleover a long period of years. Murder reaches its highduring July and August, as does rape and other violent 3.__________ attacks.Murder, however, is more than seasonal: it is a 4.__________ weekend crime. It is also a hightime crime: 62 percentof members are committed between 6 p.m. and 6 a.m.Unlike the summer high in crimes of bodily harm,burglary has a different cycle. You are most likelyto being robbed between 6 p.m. and 2 a.m. on a Saturday 5.__________ night in December, January,or February. The mostuncriminal month of all? May--except for one strangestatistic. More dog bites are reported in this monththan in an other month of the year. 6.__________Apparent our intellectual seasonal cycles are 7.__________completely different from our criminal tendencies.professor Huntington, of the Foundation for the Studyof Cycles, made extensive studies to discover theseasons when people read serious books, attend scientificmeetings, make the highest scores on examinations,and to propose the most changes to patents. In all 8.__________ instances, he found a spring peak and an autumn peakseparated by a summer low. On other hand, Professor 9.__________ huntinton's studies indicated that June is the peakmonth for suicides and admissions in mental hospitals. 10.__________ June is also a peak month for marriages!三Only a generation ago, Mauritania's capital city wasmany day's walk from the Sahara. Today it is in the Sahara. 1.__________ The sand blows through the city streets and piles up in 2.__________ walls and fences. The desert stretches out as far as theeye can see.In some parts of the Amazon rain forest in brazil, allthe trees have cut down. The earth lies bare and dry in the 3.__________ hot sun. Nothing grow there anymore. 4.__________Over vast areas of every continent, the rainfall andvegetation necessary for life is disappearing. Already 5.__________ more than 40 percent of the earth's land is desert and 6.__________ desert-like. About 628 million people--one out of seven--live in these dry regions. In the past, they have managed tosurvive, but in difficulty. Now, largely through problems 7.__________ caused by modern life, our existence is threatened by the 8.__________ slow, steady spread of the earth's deserts.Many countries first became concerned in 1970s after 9.__________a terrible drought and famine destroyed Africa's Sahel,the fragile desert along the south edge of the Sahara.Thousands of people died even though there was a worldwideeffort to send food and medicine to the starved people. 10.__________四Although Asian Americans make up only 2.4 percent of thenation s population, it constitute 17.1 percent of 1. __________ undergraduates at Harvard, 18 percent 2. _________at the Massachusetts Institute of Technologyand 27.3 percent at the University of Californiaat Berkeley. Why are Asian Americans doing so well?Are they grinds, as some stereotype suggest?Or can we have a lesson from them about values 3. _________we have long treasured them but may have misplaced—like 4. _________ hard work, the family and education?The young Asians achievements have led in 5. ________a series of fascinated studies. Perhaps the most 6. ________disturbing results come from the research carried on 7. _________by a University of Michigan psychologist,Harold W. Stevenson, who has comparedmore than 7,000 students in Chicago and Minneapoliswith counterpart in Beijing, Taipei and Sendai. 8. _________On a series of math test, the Americansdid worst at all grade levels. Stevenson found difference 9. ________in IQ. But if differences in performance are showing upin kindergarten, it suggests something happen 10. ________in the family, even before the children get to school.五No one can be brilliant at everything. In fact, successin one area often precludes success in others.1. ________A famous politician once told me that his careerhas practically destroyed his marriage. “I have2. ________no time for my family,” he explained. “I travel a lot.And even though I am home, I hardly see my kids.3. ________I ve got power, money, prestige—but as a husbandor father, I am a flop.” Certain kinds of success canindeed be destructive. The danger of earlier success is4. ________ particularly acute. I recall in my childhood a girl5. _________who skill on ice skates marked her as “Olympic material.”6. _________ While rest of us were playing, bicycling, reading7. ________and just lofting, this girl skated everyday afterschool or all weekend. Her picture often appeared8. ________on the papers, and the rest of us envied her glamorous life.9. ________ Years later, however, she spoke bitterly of thoseearly triumphs. “I never prepared myself with anything10. _________but ice,” she said. “I peaked at 17 and it s been downhillever since.”六Why are so many people so afraid of failure?Simply because no one tell us how to fail1. _________so failure becomes a growing experience.2. _________We forget that failure is a part of the human conditionand that every person has the right to failure. Most parents3. __________ work hard in either preventing failure or shielding4. __________their children out the knowledge that they have failed.5. __________One way is to lower standards. A mother describesher child s hastily made table as “perfect!” even if6. _________it s clumsy and unsteady. Another way is to shift blame.If John fails math, his teacher is unfair or stupid.The trouble with failure prevention devices are that they7. _________lead a child unequipped with life in the real world.8. __________The young need to learn that no one can be bestat everything, no one can win all the time andthat it is impossible to enjoy a game even when you don t win.9. __________ A child who does not invited to a birthday party,10. __________who doesn t make the honor roll or the baseball teamfeels terrible, of course. But parents should not offer a quickconsolation prize or say, “It doesn t matter”, because it does.The youngster should be allowed to experiencedisappointment and then be helped to master it.。