玻璃纤维基本知识
目前有数千个品种与规格、5万多种用途,成为现 代工业材料家族中重要的一员。
At present there are thousands of product types and specifications and over 50,000 applications and fiberglass has become an important member in the modern industrial material family.
一、什么是玻璃纤维 I. What is fiberglass?
1. 材料分类 Material Category 2. 产品品种 Product category 3. 主要性能 Main properties 4. 主要产品 Main products
1、材料分类 Material category
20世纪 1960s, the platinum-substitute crucible
process was invented 20世纪90年代初,池窑法开始在中国普及。 In the 1990s, the fiberglass furnaces became popular in
1. 国际发展 International development 2. 国内发展 Domestic development 3. 市场竞争 Market competition 4. 行业现状 Industry current status
1、国际发展 International development
speed.
氧化硼B2O
氧化铁Fe2O3
碱金属;助熔,提高流动性
Na2O/K2O ; To aid melting and increase fluidity
4、主要产品 Main products
合股无捻粗纱 直接无捻粗纱 短切原丝 无捻粗纱布 缝编短切毡 短切原丝毡 缝编复合毡 细纱
1938年美国成立OWENS CORNING,具有工业性规模,用于绝缘材料;
In 1938 Owens Corning Co was established in USA which had a industrial scale of fiberglass production for insulation application.
3.3 玻璃成分 Glass composition
3.3 成分与作用 Components and their functions
氧化硅SiO2:物质基础、骨架 Basis and matrix
氧化铝Al2O3 :降析晶和膨胀系数,提高稳定性和强度
to reduce recrystallization and expansion
— Light-guide fiberglass光导
3、玻璃材料 Glass-making materials
a) 中碱玻璃原料 C-glass raw materials 中碱玻璃球 C-glass marble 中碱玻璃粉料 C-glass batch 中碱废丝 C-glass recycled waste fiber
二战后工业普及,成立了圣哥本(法)、皮尔金顿(英)、日东纺(日)等;
After World War II, the industrial production of fiberglass became popular and St. Gobain(France), Pilkington (Great Britain),Nittobo(Japan) started to produce fiberglass.
coefficient and increase stability and strength
氧化钙氧化镁 :降低高温时粘度,促进熔化、澄清、提高拉丝速度
CaO/ MgO: To reduce viscosity at high temperature and
promote melting, refining and increase winding
4.1 主要产品——合股无捻粗纱
Main products – Assembled roving
a) 喷射 Spray up Roving (SP) b) 缠绕 Filament winding roving( FW) c) 拉挤 Pultrusion (PL) d) SMC roving (Roving for SMC) e) HOBAS管道 Roving for HOBAS pipes (HS) f) 膨体 Textured roving (BY) g) 透明板材 Panel roving (TS) h) 热塑性增强 Roving for thermoplastics (RP) i) Roving for GMT (GMT)
China
3、市场竞争 Market competitors
国际竞争对手——欧文斯.康宁(美)、PPG(美)、 圣哥本(法)
International competitors – Owens Corning, PPG , St. Gobain
国内竞争对手——巨石、泰山、重庆 Domestic competitors: Jushi,Taishan fiberglass,
a) 无捻粗纱布 Woven roving——EWR b) 缝编短切毡Stitched chopped strand
mat——EMK c) 短切原丝毡Chopped strand mat——EMC d) 缝编复合毡Stitched combo mat——EMK
(0,90)
4.5 主要产品——其它 Main products - Others
1959~1960年, OWENS CORNING和PPG公司相继建成了玻璃纤维池窑。
In 1959 and 1960, Owens Corning and PPG built fiberglass furnaces.
2、国内发展Domestic development
20世纪50年代后期,我国玻璃纤维工业诞生,采用陶土坩 埚法和镍铬合金孔板法生产;
CPIC
4、行业现状 Industry current status
奠基于上世纪30年代末,已成独立工业体系。 The industry established itself in 1930s and has formed into an independent industry system.
a) 团状模塑料 Bulk molding compound (BM) b) 热塑性增强 Thermoplastic reinforcement (TP) c) 湿法短切 Wet chop (WS) d) 增强水泥 Reinforced cement (RC )
4.4 主要产品——布毡 Main products – fabric & mat
非金属 — Inorganic Special ceramic
materials Artificial crystal
无机材料 Synthetic mica
Laser crystal
— Special cementing material
2、产品品种Product category
— Medium-Alkali fiberglass (C)中碱
b) 无碱玻璃原料 E-glass raw materials 无碱玻璃球 E-glass marble 无碱玻璃粉料 E-glass batch 无碱废丝 E-glass recycled waster fiber
3.1 中碱玻璃粉料C-glass Raw materials
a) 石英砂 Quartz sand:SiO2 b) 钠长石 Albite:AL2O3 、Na2O c) 白云石 Dolomite:CaO MgO d) 石灰石 Limestone:CaO e) 莹石 Fluorspar:CaF2 f) 纯碱 Soda ash:Na2CO3 g) 硝酸钠 Sodium nitrate:NaNO3 h) 无水硫酸钠 Anhydrous sodium sulfate:Na2SO4 i) 氧化铈 Ceria:CeO2
— Steel钢铁
— Metal
金属 — Nonferrous metals有色金属
— Organic materials有机材料
Materials
— Fiberglass玻璃纤维
材料
FRP/High performance composites
— Nonmetal
Special glass/deep-processed glass
3.2 无碱玻璃粉料 E-Glass raw materials
a) 高岭土/叶腊石 Clay/Pyrophyllite:AL2O3 、SiO2 b) 硼钙石 Colemanite:B2O3、CaO c) 石灰石 Limestone:CaO d) 莹石 Fluorspar:CaF2、SiO2、CaCO3 e) 石英砂 Quartz sand:SiO2 f) 纯碱 Soda ash:Na2CO3 g) 无水硫酸钠 Anhydrous sodium sulfate :Na2SO4
三、玻璃纤维有什么用处? III. What is fiberglass for?
4.2 主要产品——直接无捻粗纱 Main products- direct roving
a) 缠绕 Filament winding roving (FW) b) 拉挤 Pultrusion roving (PL) c) 织布 Roving for woven roving (WR)
4.3 主要产品——短切原丝 Main products – Chopped strands