过去式是英语语法的一种,表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。
一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。
动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。
Be动词的一般过去时在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词,am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were肯定句式:主语+ be(was , were) + 其它.否定句式:主语+ be(was , were) + not + 其它.一般疑问句:Be(was , were) + 主语+ 其它?注:在这种构成中,be动词有人称和数的变化,即要根据主语选用was / were。
Be动词分为单数和复数,was是表示单数,were是表示复数。
实义动词的一般过去时态肯定句要使用动词的过去式,否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和does 的过去式did.肯定句式:主语+ 动词(过去式)+ 其它否定句式:主语+ didn’t + 动词(原形)+ 其它【did not = didn’t】一般疑问句:Did + 主语+ 动词(原形)+ 其它【do , does的过去时均为did】?注:1. did和didn’t是构成一般过去时的助动词,其特点是要在其后跟动词的原形。
2.实意动词do的一般过去时I do my homework every day.(用yesterday改写句子)I did my homework yesterday.I didn’t do my homework yesterday.(否定句)Did you do your homework yesterday?Yes ,I did. /No, I didn’t.(一般疑问句)情态动词的一般过去时态含有情态动词的一般过去时与含有Be动词的一般过去时,是十分相似,请注意观察。
肯定句式:主语+ 情态动词+ 其它否定句式:主语+ 情态动词+ not + 其它.一般疑问句:情态动词+ 主语+ 其它?注:情态动词的过去式:can→could , may→might , must→must ,will-would,should-should。
特殊疑问句式:特殊疑问词+be过去式+主语+其他?特殊疑问词+情态助动词过去式+主语+动词原形+其他?特殊疑问词+do/does过去式+主语+动词原形+其他?What was your former name?你以前叫什么名字?Why was he late for school last Monday?上星期一他为什么迟到?What could she do twenty years ago?20年前她能做什么?构成编辑表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,规则动词的过去式变化如下:⑴一般情况下,动词词尾加ed ,如:work—worked;play—played;want— wanted;act—acted⑵以不发音的e 结尾动词,动词词尾加d,如:live—lived;move—moved;decide—decided;decline—declined;hope—hoped;⑶以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加ed,如:studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied⑷以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加ed,如:stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped⑸以ic结尾的动词,要把ic变成ick再加ed,如picnic→picnicked,traffic→trafficked⑹注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
am(is)-was, are-were(是), read(读)—read become _became (成为)go-went(走), (买)buy --bought,sell--sold(卖)come-came(来),take-took(拿), have (has)-had(有),begin(开始)--began, bring(拿来)--brought,can(能)--could, catch(捉住)--caught, cut(砍,割)--cut, do/does(做,干)--did, draw(画画,拉)--drew, drink(喝)--drank, drive(驾驶)--drove, eat(吃)--ate,fall(跌倒,落下)--fell, feel(感觉)--felt, fly(飞)--flew, get(获得)--got,give(给)---gave, grow(生长)--grew, keep(保持)--kept, know(知道,认识)--knew, learn(学习)--learnt, leave (离开)--left, let(让)--let, lie(躺,平放)--lay, make(使得,做)--made, may(可以)--might, must(必须)--must, ride (骑)--rode, ring (鸣铃)--rang, run(跑)--ran, say(说)--said, see (看见)--saw, send(送)--sent, set (放)--set, sing(唱歌)--sang, sit (坐)--sat, sleep (睡觉)--slept,speak(说话)--spoke, spend (花费)--spent, stand (站立)--stood, swim (游泳)--swam, teach(教)--taught, tell (告诉)--told, think(认为)--thought, throw(投掷)--threw, understand(懂得)--understood, wear(穿)--wore, will(将要)--would, win(获胜)--won, (弯曲) bend --bent, blow --blew(吹)[1]规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音:1. 在清辅音后读作[t]。
如:asked,helped,watched,stopped。
2. 在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。
如:enjoyed,studied,moved,called。
3.在t / d后读作[id]。
如:wanted,needed 清音t元浊d td后面读(一的)。
不规则动词的过去式大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法:1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。
如:put—put,let—let,cut—cut,beat—beat。
2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。
如:build—built,lend—lent,send—sent,spend—spent。
3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。
如:mean—meant,burn—burnt,learn—learnt。
4.以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。
如:blow—blew,draw—drew,know—knew,grow—grew。
5.含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。
如:keep—kept,sleep—slept,feel—felt,smell—smelt。
6.含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a。
如:sing—sang,give—gave,sit—sat,drink—drank。
但也有例外,如get的过去式是got,与第一条不符,仅仅是大多数动词符合。
一般过去时的用法一.概念:一般过去时是表示在过去的时间里发生的动作或状态,通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。
二.时间状语:yesterday,the day before yesterday,two days ago,long long ago,a minute ago,last year(week,month),just now,at that time,in those days. yesterday(昨天),last weekend(上周),last month(上个月),last year,two months ago(两个月前),the day before yesterday(前天),in 1990 (在1990年),in those days (在那些日子里)等表示过去的时间状语。
如:I was born in 1990. (我出生在1990年)。
When did you go to the park? (你是什么时候去的公园)。
I went to the park last weekend. (我是上周去的公园)不规则动词变化表come came come cut cut cutdo did done draw drew drawn drink drank drunk drive drove driven eat ate eaten fall fell fallen feel felt felt fight fought fought find found found fly flew flown get got got give gave given go went gone grow grew grown have had had hear heard heard hit hit hit hurt hurt hurtknow knew known leave left left lose lost lost make made made meet met met put put put read read read ride rode ridden ring rang rung rise rose risen run ran run say said said see saw seen sell sold sold send sent sent set set set shut shut shut sing sang sung sit sat satsleep slept slept speak spoke spoken spend spent spent stand stood stood swim swam swum sweep swept swepttake took taken teach taught taughttell told toldthink thought thought throw threw thrown understand understood understood wear wore wornwrite wrote written。