英语句子成分导学案
什么是句子成分？
句子成分有哪些？
句子成分
一．主语(Subject)
表示句子说的是什么人或什么事。

是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。

位于系动词或谓语动词之前。

1.Gina is from Australia.
2.She often goes to the movies.
3.Three is enough.
4.Doing the work is hard for him.
5.To see is to believe.
6.The rich should help the poor.
主语在哪里？
1. Tom didn't finish his homework.
2. She wants to be a doctor.
3. Taking a walk is good for your health.
4. To clean the window is your duty.
5. Six is a lucky number.
6. The young should respect the old.
二．谓语(Predicate)
说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态，位于主语之后。

一般由动词或动词短语充当谓语。

谓语
注：主谓要一致。

1.They are working in a field.
2.He looked after two boys.
3.They can speak English well.
4.I love China.
5.She has finished her task.
谓语在哪里？
1. We study English.
2. He is singing a song.
3. We should help the disabled.
4. The plane took off at ten o’clock.
5. I want a ticket.
三. 宾语（object）
表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。

1.Can I ask some questions?
2.He is looking at the dog.
3.I bought a computer last week.
4.I like you.
宾语在哪里？
1.I like China.
2.He hates you.
3.We need two.
4.We should help the old.
四．表语（predicative）
位于系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。

Be动词：____________________________________________________
感官动词：____________________________________________________系动词保持类：______________________________________________________变化类：______________________________________________________
表像类：______________________________________________________
1.Her mother is a teacher.
2.The food tastes delicious.
3.He always kept silent .
4.She seems quite happy today.
表语在哪里？
1.His face turned red.
2.I am hungry.
3.The door remains open.
4.Her voice sounds sweet.
5.His job is to teach English.
6.He stayed awake.
五．定语(Attribute)
用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。

1.Guilin is a beautiful city.
2.There are thirty women teachers in our school.
3.His rapid progress in English made us surprised.
4.The girl with long hair is my sister.
定语在哪里？
1.What’s your name?
2.She is an excellent basketball player.
3.I have a story book.
4.The bird in the tree is singing.
六．状语(adverbial)
表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式、让步、伴随和比较。

1.I will go there tomorrow.
2.The meeting will be held in the meeting room.
状语在哪里？
1.I met my classmates on the street yesterday.
2.She was born in Beijing.
七．补语（complement）
（一）宾补（Objective complement）对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。

We will make them happy.
（二）主补（Subjective complement）：对主语的补充。

全称为主语补足语。

He was elected monitor.
八．同位语(appositive)
同位语是在名词或代词之后,对其作进一步解释或说明，在语法上处于同等地位。

1.We students should study hard.
2.We all are students.
练习题：
划分下列句子成分。

1.My brother hasn't done his homework.
2.You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.
3.The old man feels very tired.
4. The leaves have turned yellow.
5. They call me Lily sometimes.
6. I can see a big smile on her face.
7. He heard the noise upstairs every night .
8. The man on the motorbike is very handsome.
9. She loves the library.
10. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.。