！~医药科学专业解释：转化医学；转化医学就是希望将生物医学研究的关注点放在如何将实验室的研究发现转化导向为有利病人诊断、治疗方法的提高上。
2：网络释义：a--转化或转换医学（Translational Medicine）是近两三年来国际医学健康领域出现的新概念。
b--转译医学(Translational Medicine)c--转换医学（Translational Medicine），又叫转化医学是本世纪从循证医学发展而形成的一个医学实践和干预性流行病学的理念，它融汇基础科学、社会科学、政治科学于一体...d--阿斯利康中国创新中心(ICC)初期将着重进行癌症领域临床前到临床医学之间转化医学(translational medicine)的研究。
广义上讲，转化医学(转化科学)就是使病人直接受益的对基础科学研究的应用。
Open accessAll articles published by Journal of Translational Medicine are made freely and permanently accessible online immediately upon publication, without subscription charges or registration barriers. Further information about open access can be found here.Authors of articles published in Journal of Translational Medicine are the copyright holders of their articles and have granted to any third party, in advance and in perpetuity, the right to use, reproduce or disseminate the article, according to the BioMed Central copyright and license agreement.Article-processing chargesOpen access publishing is not without costs. Journal of Translational Medicine therefore levies an article-processing charge of £1250/$2005/€1560 for each article accepted for publication. We routinely waive charges for authors from low-income countries. Generally, if the submitting author's institution is a Member the cost of the article-processing charge is covered by the membership, and no further charge is payable. In the case of authors whose institutions are Supporter Members, however, a discounted article-processing charge is payable by the author. For further details, see our article-processing charge page. A limited number of waivers for article-processing charges are also available at the editors' discretion, and authors wishing to apply for these waivers should contact the editors.Indexing servicesFollowing publication in Journal of Translational Medicine, the full-text of each article is deposited immediately and permanently archived in PubMed Central, the US National Library of Medicine's full-text repository of life science literature, and also in repositories in e-Depot, the National Library of the Netherlands' digital archive of electronic publications. Journal of Translational Medicine is included in PubMed and all major bibliographic databases. A complete list of indexing web services that include BioMed Central's journals can be found here.Journal of Translational Medicine is tracked by Thomson Reuters (ISI)and has an Impact Factor of 3.47.Publication and peer review processAuthors will be able to check the progress of their manuscript through the submission system at any time by logging into My Journal of Translational Medicine, a personalized section of the site.Portability of peer reviewIn order to support efficient and thorough peer review, we aim to reduce the number of times a manuscript is re-reviewed after rejection from Journal of Translational Medicine, thereby speeding up the publication process and reducing the burden on peer reviewers. Therefore, please note that, if a manuscript is not accepted for publication in Journal of Translational Medicine and the authors choose to submit a revised version to another BioMed Central journal, we will pass the reviews on to the other journal's editors at the authors' request. We will reveal the reviewers' names to the handling editor for editorial purposes unless reviewers let us know when they return their report that they do not wish us to share their report with another BioMed Central journal.ReprintsHigh-quality, bound reprints can be purchased for all articles published. Please see our reprints website for further information about ordering reprints.SupplementsJournal of Translational Medicine will consider supplements based on proceedings (full articles or meeting abstracts), reviews or research. All articles submitted for publication in supplements are subject to peer review. Published supplements are fully searchable and freely accessible online and can also be produced in print. All full length articles (proceedings, reviews or research articles) are indexed by PubMed. PubMed displays the title of the supplement only in the case of meeting abstract collections. For further information, please contact us.Editorial policiesAny manuscript, or substantial parts of it, submitted to the journal must not be under consideration by any other journal. In general, the manuscript should not have already been published in any journal or other citable form, although it may have been deposited on a preprint server. Information on duplicate/overlapping publications can be found here. Authors are required to ensure that no material submitted as part of a manuscript infringes existing copyrights, or the rights of a third party.Correspondence concerning articles published in Journal of Translational Medicine is encouraged. A 'post a comment' feature is available on all articles published by Journal of Translational Medicine. Comments will be moderated by the editorial office (see our Comment policy for further information) and linked to the full-text version of the article, if suitable.Editorial standardsBioMed Central is a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and endorses the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) Policy Statement on Geopolitical Intrusion on Editorial Decisions.Ethical guidelinesSubmission of a manuscript to Journal of Translational Medicine implies that all authors have read and agreed to its content, and that any experimental research that is reported in the manuscript has been performed with the approval of an appropriate ethics committee. Research carried out on humans must be in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration, and any experimental research on animals must follow internationally recognized guidelines. A statement to this effect must appear in the Methods section of the manuscript, including the name of the body which gave approval, with a reference number where appropriate. Informed consent must also be documented. Manuscripts may be rejected if the editorial office considers that the research has not been carried out within an ethical framework, e.g. if the severity of the experimental procedure is not justified by the value of the knowledge gained.For all articles that include information or clinical photographs relating to individual patients, written and signed consent from each patient to publish must also be made available if requested by the editorial staff.Journal of Translational Medicine's publisher, BioMed Central, has a legal responsibility to ensure that its journals do not publish material that infringes copyright, or that includes libellous or defamatory content. If, on review, your manuscript is perceived to contain potentially libellous content the journal Editors, with assistance from the publisher if required, will work with authors to ensure an appropriate outcome is reached.The involvement of scientific (medical) writers or anyone else who assisted with the preparation of the manuscript content should be acknowledged, along with their source of funding, as described in the European Medical Writers Association (EMWA) guidelines on the role of medical writers in developing peer-reviewed publications. If medical writers are not listed among the authors, their role should be acknowledged explicitly.Standards of reportingJournal of Translational Medicine supports initiatives aimed at improving the reporting of biomedical research. We recommend authors refer to the EQUATOR network website for further information on the available reporting guidelines for health research, and the MIBBI Portal for prescriptive checklists for reporting biological and biomedical research where applicable. Authors are requested to make use of these when drafting their manuscript and peer reviewers will also be asked to refer to these checklists when evaluating these studies. Checklists are available for a number of study designs, including randomized controlled trials (CONSORT), systematic reviews (PRISMA), observational studies (STROBE), meta-analyses of observational studies (MOOSE), diagnostic accuracy studies (STARD) and qualitative studies (RATS). For authors of systematic reviews, an additional file, linked from the Methods section, should reproduce all details concerning the search strategy. For an example of how a search strategy should be presented, see the Cochrane Reviewers' Handbook.Standardised gene nomenclature should be used throughout. Human gene symbols and names can be found in the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) database and any enquiries, or requests for new gene symbols, should be directed via email to hgnc@. Nomenclature committees for other species are listed at /about/faq#otherspecies. For mutation nomenclature please use the guidelines suggested by the Human Genome Variation Society.Authors from pharmaceutical companies, or other commercial organizations that sponsor clinical trials, should adhere to the Good Publication Practice guidelines for pharmaceutical companies, which are designed to ensure that publications are produced in a responsible and ethical manner. The guidelines also apply to any companies or individuals that work on industry-sponsored publications, such as freelance writers, contract research organizations and communications companies.Journal of Translational Medicine also supports initiatives to improve the performance and reporting of trials, part of which includes prospective registering and numbering of clinical trials. The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) has implemented the World Health Organisation (WHO) definition of clinical trials which states that a clinical trial is any research study that prospectively assigns human participants or groups of humans to one or more health-related interventions to evaluate the effects on health outcomes. This definition includes phase I to Phase IV trials.Authors of protocols or reports of such clinical trials, where the primary purpose of the research is to understand the causes, development and effects of disease or to improve preventative, diagnostic or therapeutic interventions, must register their trials prior to submission in a suitable publicly available registry. In addition to accepting registration in any of the five existing registries (/faq.html), the ICMJE will accept registration of clinical trials in any of the primary registers that participate in the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform including the ISRCTN register administered by Current Controlled Trials, part of BioMed Central Group.The trial registration number should be included as the last line of the manuscript abstract. Data and materials releaseSubmission of a manuscript to Journal of Translational Medicine implies that readily reproducible materials described in the manuscript, including all relevant raw data, will be freely available to any scientist wishing to use them for non-commercial purposes. Nucleic acid sequences, protein sequences, and atomic coordinates should be deposited in an appropriate database in time for the accession number to be included in the published article. In computational studies where the sequence information is unacceptable for inclusion in databases because of lack of experimental validation, the sequences must be published as an additional file with the article.Any 'in press' articles cited within the references and necessary for the reviewers' assessment of the manuscript should be made available if requested by the editorial office.Nucleotide sequencesNucleotide sequences can be deposited with the DNA Data Bank of Japan(DDBJ), European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL/EBI) Nucleotide Sequence Database, or GenBank (National Center for Biotechnology Information).Protein sequencesProtein sequences can be deposited with SwissProt or the Protein Information Resource (PIR).The accession numbers of any nucleic acid sequences, protein sequences or atomic coordinates cited in the manuscript should be provided, in square brackets with the corresponding database name; for example, [EMBL:AB026295, EMBL:AC137000, DDBJ:AE000812, GenBank:U49845, PDB:1BFM, Swiss-Prot:Q96KQ7, PIR:S66116].The databases for which we can provide direct links are: EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database (EMBL), DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ), GenBank at the NCBI (GenBank), Protein Data Bank (PDB), Protein Information Resource (PIR) and the Swiss-Prot Protein Database (Swiss-Prot).Mass spectrometryCompeting interestsJournal of Translational Medicine requires authors to declare any competing financial or other interest in relation to their work. All competing interests that are declared will be listed at the end of published articles. Where an author gives no competing interests, the listing will read 'The author(s) declare that they have no competing interests'.Plagiarism detectionJournal of Translational Medicine's publisher, BioMed Central, is a member of the CrossCheck plagiarism detection initiative. In cases of suspected plagiarism CrossCheck is available to the editors of Journal of Translational Medicine to detect instances of overlapping and similar text in submitted manuscripts. CrossCheck is a multi-publisher initiative allowing screening of published and submitted content for originality.Citing articles in Journal of Translational MedicineArticles in Journal of Translational Medicine should be cited in the same way as articles in a traditional journal. Because articles are not printed, they do not have page numbers; instead, they are given a unique article number.Article citations follow this format:Authors: Title. J Transl Med [year], [volume number]:[article number].e.g. Roberts LD, Hassall DG, Winegar DA, Haselden JN, Nicholls AW, Griffin JL: Increased hepatic oxidative metabolism distinguishes the action of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor delta from Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma in the Ob/Ob mouse. J Transl Med 2009, 1:115.refers to article 115 from Volume 1 of the journal.Why publish your article in Journal of Translational Medicine?High visibilityJournal of Translational Medicine's open access policy allows maximum visibility of articles published in the journal as they are available to a wide, global audience. Articles that have been especially highly accessed are highlighted with a 'Highly accessed' graphic, which appears on the journal's contents pages and search results.Speed of publicationJournal of Translational Medicine offers a fast publication schedule whilst maintaining rigorous peer review; all articles must be submitted online, and peer review is managed fully electronically (articles are distributed in PDF form, which is automatically generated from the submitted files). Articles are published with their final citation immediately upon acceptance in a provisional PDF form. The article will subsequently be published in both fully browsable web form, and as a formatted PDF; the article will then be available through Journal of Translational Medicine, BioMed Central and PubMed Central and will also be included in PubMed.FlexibilityOnline publication in Journal of Translational Medicine gives authors the opportunity to publish large datasets, large numbers of color illustrations and moving pictures, to display data in a form that can be read directly by other software packages so as to allow readers to manipulate the data for themselves, and to create all relevant links (for example, to PubMed, to sequence and other databases, and to other papers).Promotion and press coverageArticles published in Journal of Translational Medicine are included in article alerts and regular email updates. Some may be included in abstract books mailed to academics and are highlighted on Journal of Translational Medicine's pages and on the BioMed Central homepage.In addition, articles published in Journal of Translational Medicine may be promoted by press releases to the general or scientific press. These activities increase the exposure and number of accesses for articles published in Journal of Translational Medicine. A list of articles recently press-released by journals published by BioMed Central is available here.CopyrightAuthors of articles published in Journal of Translational Medicine retain the copyright of their articles and are free to reproduce and disseminate their work (for further details, see the BioMed Central copyright and license agreement).For further information about the advantages of publishing in a journal from BioMed Central, please click here..。