一.雅思大作文的15大考察内容考察频率最高专题：∙ 1. 教育：儿童，中学，大学教育体制和方法∙ 2. 科技发展对生活的影响∙ 3.文化的组成因素和保护∙ 4.生活方式的转变和社会观念∙ 5. 全球化及其影响∙ 6. 环境问题和环境保护∙7. 政府投资考察次重点专题：∙ 1. 艺术的价值∙ 2.媒体的作用∙ 3.广告的影响∙ 4.动物的保护和动物实验∙ 5.城乡差距和城市化∙ 6.犯罪∙7.弱势群体：妇女的权利，妇女参军∙8.体育雅思写作错误检查表（10条）1.使用了正确的语法结构：时态语态，主谓一致，从句，用词准确(名词，动词，形容词的形式)，介词，冠词2.句式有变化3.使用了一定量的词汇4. 拼写没有错误5. 观点明确，语意精准不模糊6. 每段主题句都表明了该段中心思想，所有拓展句支持句都紧扣主题7. 大量的过渡性词语(逻辑连接词)，使句子间和段落间都具有逻辑性和条理性8. 提供了足够的细节，例子或论据9. 每一段话都得到充分展开10. 每一段话都紧扣文章主题如何应用：a.1347当做检查项目，其他当做考前提醒b.时间紧，就改第一段和每段的前两句话三.大作文首段基本写作策略---三步走1.转述背景，扩展题目(setting/ background information )：把题目所提供的背景再用自己的话拓展转述同义替换一下题目：It is generally believed that some people are born with certain talents, for instance for sports or music, and others are not. However, it is sometimes claimed that any child can be taught to be a good sports person or musician.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.考官写的开头段：The relative importance of natural talent and training is a frequent topic of discussion when people try to explain different levels of ability in, for example, sports, art or music.2. 说明意图(statement of purposes)：写作意图=你的立场或者观点，争取用一句话说明你的观点，位置可以是在首段的最后一句3. 提及下文，分支观点的罗列和总结(summary of main points):对主要观点用短语或者短句形式进行总结概括注意：一般情况下包括前两步就可以了，第三步视情况而定.句子个数不是绝对的开头段写作套路赏析It is inevitable that as technology develops, so traditional culture must be lost. Technology and tradition are incompatible, you cannot have both together. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?开头段1：It is a fact of life that the advance of science and technology has been accompanied by a decline in traditional culture. (背景转述) In my opinion, this is not necessarily a bad thing, because some aspects of traditional culture hamper progress and should be abandoned. Moreover, it is natural that people should want to find new ways of doing things .(写作意图) It is a fact of life that…这是现实中的事实….It is natural that…很自然….It is quite common these days that…目前很普遍的是….开头段2：It is an undeniable fact that scientific and technological developments have brought considerable benefits to every walk of life. Especially since the Industrial Revolution took place, our lives have been made much more convenient by inventions such as trains, airplanes and computers. (背景转述) But I think that the loss of our traditional culture is too high a price to pay for it. (写作意图)1. It is an undeniable fact that…不可否认的是…2. A is too high a price to pay for BA对于B来说是一个巨大的代价The environmental deterioration and destruction are too high a price for our economic growth.四.议论文五大题型分类和写作套路(一)讨论型discuss题目表述：Discuss both views and give your own opinion.讨论正反两方面观点并给出你的观点例如:题目1Some people believe that there should be fixed punishments for each type of crime. Others, however, argue that the circumstances of an individual crime, and the motivation for committing it, should always be taken into account when deciding on the punishment.Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.题目2：Some people believe that culture will be ruined if it is used to earn tourism revenue, but others consider that tourism is the only way of protecting a culture.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.讨论型discuss写作套路套路1.两方平衡式---两个观点公平讨论开头段：不表达个人观点立场主体段1:反方观点(你不倾向的观点)--2点理由主体段2:正方观点(你相对倾向的观点)-- 2点理由结尾段：方法1---你同意其中一个观点方法2---都同意套路2. 一方倾向式---两个观点不公平讨论开头段：表达个人观点或立场主体段1:详谈正方观点(你相对倾向的观点) ----2-3点理由主体段2:简谈反方观点(你不倾向的观点) ----1-2点理由结尾段：重申你的观点或立场文章布局及思路练习题目1---犯罪类Some people believe that there should be fixed punishments for each type of crime. Others, however, argue that the circumstances of an individual crime, and the motivation for committing it, should always be taken into account when deciding on the punishment.Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.正方观点—惩罚固定1.Fixed punishment will have a deterring effect on society.(对…有威慑作用) , accomplishthe purpose of deterrence2.Guarantee / ensure social stability and security to a large extent3. A sign of the triumph of good over evil4.fixed punishment to each type of crime could raise individuals’awareness of obeying thelaw.反方观点—惩罚不固定1.Taking the circumstances and motivation of a crime into account is a prerequisite for establishing and ensuring justice and equity.绿色部分：同类信息大量携带（并列）前提,先决条件：precondition, premise, prerequisite在….的前提下: under the premise precondition / prerequisite of2.Some kinds of crimes should be taken differently, such as self-defense and manslaughter.自我防卫和过失杀人3. Criminal laws have to provide minimum and maximum penalties惩罚for the punishment and the law also have to foresee certain cases of exemptions. 免除，豁免文章布局及思路练习题目2---旅游类Some people believe that culture will be ruined if it is used to earn tourism revenue, but others consider that tourism is the only way of protecting a culture.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.正方观点---旅游业有益于文化保护1.Intergrating tourism and cultural heritage could provide economic incentives for protecting culture.economic incentives = financial support2. Museums, historical sites and ruins enable the visitors to get a deep insight into local customs and practices, experience local traditions , art and heritages, respect the host community and its environment , promote the dialogue over natural and cultural resources between different countries.反方观点---旅游业有害于文化保护1. Tourism creates pollution and waste. The rubbish discarded by travelers would have a negative impact on / do harm to / do great damage to the tourist spots and local cultural ruins.2. Excessive building (roads, hotels etc.) destroys natural habitats and spoils the landscape.3.Local traditions may be lost due to the exotic cultural conflicts.4.Traditional jobs and skills die out (e.g. farming, fishing).5. Local people are forced to work in the tourist industry, which would take their attention and vigor away from the cultural conservation.(二).同意与否型agree or disagree题目表述：Do you agree or disagree…?To what extent do you agree or disagree?考试重点例如:题目1It is often said that the subjects taught in schools are too academic in orientation and that it would be more useful for children to learn about practical matters such as home management, work and interpersonal skills. To what extent do you agree or disagree?题目2：Some people think that stricter punishment for driving offenders is the only effective way to improve safety on the road. To what extent do you agree or disagree?同意与否型agree or disagree写作套路开头段：明确表达个人观点立场辩护段：用2-3个理由(分支论点)为自己立场辩护, 每个分支论点后紧跟2-3句支持句让步段：承认对方观点有好处(1句)并解释(1-2句)，然后指出其缺陷并进一步修正它或提出改进建议(1-2句)结尾段：重申立场并引申展望文章布局及思路练习题目1---教育类Education used to be a short period of training, but today, people treat it like a lifelong practice. Do you agree or disagree with this opinion?接受终生教育的理由1.In order to survive in the fierce competition out of society, people need to receive reeducation to improve qualification and obtain specialized expertise or all-round ability.2. People’s education concept is in transition, students are not confined to a certain age group and everyone could choose the way of study suitable to himself .3. Value of life, self-value, self-worth,自我价值ambition, quest for knowledge求知欲and spiritual needs motivate / urge / stimulate / spur 促使people to pursue lifelong education.让步：教育可以是短期的1.Some kinds of schooling could be accomplished in a relatively short period, such aslanguage training, or computer skills training.2.For some relatively impoverished / poverty-stricken families, a short-term education ismuch more affordable and accessible.文章布局及思路练习题目2---政府职能类There is now an increasingly tolerant attitude towards homosexuality in society, especially in the west. Some governments should change the law to allow homosexual marriages. To what extent do you agree or disagree?同意特殊癖好者结婚1.Effectively slow down the birth rate and population growth.2.Is good for eliminating discrimination against homosexuals in general.3.Ensure the justice and equity of society and civic rights.4.Lighten the spiritual burden and kill the loneliness of the homosexuals不同意特殊癖好者结婚1.As gay or lesbian couples are unlikely to have children, there is no real necessity for theright to marry ---marriage is the grave of love.2.Most of the major religions in the world, such as Christianity, Islam and Judaism frownupon homosexuality.frown upon:不赞同，不批准(三).比较优缺点型advantages and disadvantages题目表述：Advantages and disadvantagesBenefits and dangersStrengths and weaknessMerits and drawbacksPositive and negative例如:题目1In order to improve the quality of education, students should be encouraged to evaluate and criticize their teachers. Do you think the advantages of this practice outweigh its disadvantages?题目2：Nowadays, more and more students choose to pursue their advanced study in foreign countries. Discuss the merits and drawbacks of studying abroad.比较优缺点型写作套路开头段：先不用表达个人立场主体段1：论述advantages主体段2：论述disadvantages结尾段：表达个人立场文章布局及思路练习题目1—教育类In order to improve the quality of education, students should be encouraged to evaluate and criticize their teachers. Do you think the advantages of this practice outweigh its disadvantages?学生参与评估老师的好处1.Contribute to the improvement of teaching methods, change the traditional learning by rote 死记硬背or spoon-feed schooling.填鸭式学习，boost students-centered / students-orientededucation, and eventually realize the improvement of instruction.2.Strenghten teacher-and-student interaction and relationship, open up a heart-to-heart dialogue between the teachers and students, which could not only enhance the teaching quality of the teachers but also contribute to the psychological growth of the pupils.3. Evaluation from the students may be the most effective way, for students could judge whether the teaching is productive or not according to the increased knowledge, comprehension , motivation and result.学生参与评估老师的坏处1.The evaluation could contain prejudice and personal willingness, which could disrupt the normal teaching process.2. result in a loss of respect for the teachers and discipline in the classroom.3.cause the phenomenon that some teachers would cater to 迎合the students and distort the education content, which will make education lose prestige and original purposes.文章布局及思路练习题目2---留学类Nowadays, more and more students choose to pursue their advanced study in foreign countries. Discuss the merits and drawbacks of studying abroad.出国留学的优点1.Immerse into 融入an environment that can aid languages learning2.Expand one’s outlook, experience diverse culture, local customs and practices, match theneed of this shrinking world.3. Make full use of the advanced teaching and experimental facilities to improve academic level4. Promote academic communication5.Cultivate the ability of living alone and confidence，lay a solid foundation for the future 出国留学的缺点1.Cause cultural conflicts, difficult to assimilate接受a new culture2.overcome difficulty in daily life, feel lonely and depressed3.High financial expense, including cost of living and tuition feesplicated groundwork before going abroad, including visa, passport and IELTS is highly time-consuming(四)个人观点型opinion题目表述：What is your opinion about…?What do you think of …?How do you think about…?个人观点型写作套路此种题目写法较灵活，你的回答可以是正面也可以是反面，还可以从正反两方面论述最便捷的写作套路：转移成同意与否型agree or disagree写作套路文章布局及思路练习—动物类Some people strongly oppose animal experimentation, believing that it causes pain to animals, while some other people consider it necessary because it can promote the scientific development. What is your opinion?同意用动物做实验1.Human could not find better replacements / alternatives of animals at the present time.2.Human interests should be placed above animals’welfare 健康, 幸福, 繁荣, 福利3.Animal experimentation contributes to / is conducive to有助于scientific progress andbreakthrough不同意用动物做实验1.Over exploitation of animals to do experiment would disrupt the biological chain andeven the ecological balance2.Animals have the right of life生存权like human3.Some people use animals to pursue commercial benefits rather than experimentalpurposes(五).问题分析型problem+reasons+recommendations题目表述：What caused this problem, and what solutions can solve this problem?一般会出现reason, cause, problem, effect, suggestion, solution, recommend, recommendation, what等词(但what extent do you agree or disagree和what is your opinion 除外)问题分析型写作套路开头段：背景拓展+改写题目主体段1：列出2-3个原因，每个原因后支持句1-2句主体段2：列出2-3个解决方案，每个方案支持句1-2句结尾段：总结原因和解决方案文章布局及思路练习---环境类We have developed into a “throw-away society”and are filling up our environment with plastic bags and rubbish that we cannot fully dispose of. What are the causes of this phenomenon and recommend some measures to reduce this problem.原因1.population growth-----the increase of material needs----the increment增长,增量，增加of rubbish2.Disposable items---disposable chopsticks3. Low awareness of waste issues among the public4. Lack effective monitor and supervision from relevant departmentsLack 用法1.Vt：lack sthHe lacks sincerity.2. N: lack of sthLack of sincerity is his biggest problem.3. Adj.---Lacking : be lacking in sthHe is lacking in sincerity.解决方案1.Enforce / enact some related laws or rules, step up supervision 加大监管力度2. Raise people’s awareness of preserving environment, reduce the discharge of rubbish.3. Adopt some recycling schemes4. Reduce the use of raw materials原材料总结：分清题型，确定题材题型：五种题型----可以简单归为两大类：1).需要双边讨论:discuss, agree, advantage, opinion2).不需要讨论，需要分析：problem----suggestion换掉被人用烂的恶俗表达1.Pay attention to = lay / place emphasis on …= attach importance to …2.Make / let sb do = enable / allow sb to doMake sb adj.= render sb adj.3.Basis = cornerstone , foundation, groundwork4.Each coin has two sides.=…is a double-edged sword.5.Sth is wrong= sth is unwarranted / unjustified6.Sth is the first thing = give priority to sth7.Be likely to do = tend to do =be inclined to do8.There is no doubt that = It goes without saying that …= it is manifest that ….9.Most likely, = in all likelihood, = as is often the case, 很可能，通常是…10.This trend is common= this trend is not restricted to…..这个现象不仅限于…11. In this side / aspect = in this respect / regard 在这方面12. Most of the time= more often than not, constantly, frequently13.Difficult =painstaking, burdensome, troublesome, formidable, rough, stiff, knottydifficulty= hardship, adversity, obstacle14. Realize= be aware of, be conscious of15. Consider = take…into account , take …into consideration , take account of….16. Help = aid(n, v) / assist (v)/ assistance (n)17. Sb may do = it is standard practice for someone to do 某人通常会…18. Sb should do = sb would be well-advised to do 某人应该做19.A is important to B = A is to B what foundation is to a skyscraper./ water is to fish./ heart isto a man.20.高分合成词范例：time-consuming, time-saving, fast-paced, thought-provoking,attention-getting,environmentally-friendly, decision-maker,fast-changing, well-informed,在高分范文寻找积累，好的表达不是难词，而是巧词妙词，不要显摆专业术语五.雅思大作文审题要素1.找关键词：先确定主语和谓语2.找具有强烈意向的修饰语：adj, adv3.找句子主干:先主句，后从句；先主谓宾，再定状补4.根据题目表述确定文章题型，题材，文章布局5.每个题目至少读3遍例如：Successful sports professionals can earn a great deal of money than people in other important professions. Some people think this is fully justified while others think it is unfair.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.题材：体育媒体类题型：discuss文章布局：四段式--- 开头段反方观点正方观点你的观点六. 雅思议论文开头段写法(一)agree, discuss, advantage, opinion开头段写法：(3句话左右)Sentence 1: background / general statement 背景介绍，引入话题Sentence 2:rephrase the topic / thesis statement 改写题目, 点明论题，两方观点Sentence 3: personal opinion or brief description of the main body 个人观点立场（主体部分的简要介绍）如何写Sentence 1 ---背景句：记住常用句式例:Some people who have been successfully in the society don’t attribute their success to the theoretical knowledge they learned from their university. Do you agree or disagree?背景句范例1：In contemporary society, the importance of theoretical knowledge to one’s success is a topic which has aroused public attention and debate.……已经引起关注，讨论，争议…has aroused / sparked / given rise to / created / caused / provoked / triggered/ invited 引起hot / heated / fierce 热烈的，激烈的debate / discussion / controversy/ concern/ attention 讨论，争议，关注背景句范例2:In the present age, theoretical knowledge is playing a significant part in every walk of life, nevertheless, individuals have had a hard time reaching consensus on whether our success results from the theoretical knowledge learned from universities.reach consensus on…对…达成共识背景句范例3The importance of theoretical knowledge to one’s success is a matter for debate / is a frequent topic of discussion.背景句范例4：Individuals have long been interested in identifying the factors that contribute to personal achievement.背景句常用表达1.In the fast-changing world, heated debate has been going on concerning whether…2.Nowadays, …is a topic of public interest and concern.3.In the contemporary world, there has been much discussion revolving around the issue ofwhether…4.When it comes to…,people have mixed views on whether…5. Nowadays there is a growing awareness / tendency among the public that …6. It is high time that we explored the truth of…7. Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible that…8. Common sense / Common knowledge tells us that…9. In this fast-paced world, never is the issue concerning (whether)…failing to attract oureyes.10. …is a frequent topic of discussion.首句—背景句写作练习The advertising is discouraging people from being individual and makes people be or seem to be the same. Do you agree or disagree?Discourage: 1. 使气馁; 使沮丧；使泄气 2. 阻碍; 劝阻背景句范例1The influence of advertising on our buying behaviors is a subject matter.Subject matter: 主题，主旨背景句范例2In recent years, much more emphasis than ever before has been placed on the influence of advertising.如何写Sentence 2---改写题目,点明论题改变：句式，同义替换，先后顺序两个原则：1.转述而非照抄题目2.转述定要避免累赘例1:Do you think it is better to send criminals to jail or let them receive education or job training?先练习写首句----背景句第一句：The treatment of criminals has been open to debate in recent years.第二句：Some individuals claim that imprisonment is better than education or job training in treating criminals , while others believe the other way around.believe the other way around:从相反的角度来考虑点明论题常用表达1.When it comes to …some individuals assert / claim / argue that…, while others believe the other way around.2. People hold different / divergent / contrasting / conflicting / contradictory / opposing views / perspectives/ standpoints with reference to / concerning …3.There is a perception that…, while a counterargument is that…4.Currently people in ever-increasing numbers are coming to be aware of the importance of….Some individuals are against and some for it.5. There is no consensus of opinion among the public as to the standpoint of….Some suggest that…, while others argue that…6. …now plays such an essential part in our life that it is necessary for us to have a clear perspective of whether it is a blessing or a curse. With every respect taken into account, I believe that …has both merits and demerits.7.Perhaps nothing is more dominant / popular / indispensable / attention-getting than…in the modern world. Obviously, it does some good to us. When we applaud its benefits, nevertheless, it is necessary for us to acknowledge its enormous potential threat / danger / damage / harm to our life.Sentence 3 ---表达个人立场常用表达1.Personally , I am in favor of the former / the latter view.2. From my perspective ,I firmly subscribe to the opinion that…3. As for me, I vote for the standpoint that…4. I am inclined to the point that…5. As far as I am concerned, my favor goes to the point that…6. I am firmly convinced that…7. Personally, I tend to believe that…8. My personal view is that…9. In this essay, I will compare and contrast the two typical views regarding this issue.10. There are some points in both aspects.11. This essay will compare and contrast its benefits and downsides.开头段最后一句承上启下的过渡性句子1.My statement will be justified and exemplified in the following aspects.2. As far as I am concerned, the merits of …fail to justify the demerits. With regard to this issue, a detailed analysis will be provided in the following text from the perspective of my own.3.The reasons for my support of this view are outlined as follows. 牛掰~~~4. There are several points to be listed as follows to justify my perspective.牛掰~~~ Convincing and logical arguments can be made that…..( 可以提出有说服力的证据来证明…….的观点) , and my views are based on the following considerations.牛掰~~~开头段写作练习练习1.Some people believe that air travel should be restricted because it causes serious pollution and uses up the world’s resources. Do you agree or disagree?练习1参考开头段答案：There is little room for doubt about the convenience brought by air travel to every walk of life. Nonetheless, with reference to its impact on the environment, no consensus has been arrived at. As far as I am concerned, its benefits fail to justify its harmful effects. A detailed analysis will be provided in the following text from the perspective of my own.练习2.Children in secondary school study international news as a subject, but some think that is a waste of time. Discuss both views.练习2参考开头段答案：International news represents one of the main sources of information from which we discover what is happening around the world. Nevertheless, when it comes to including it in the curriculum in secondary school, there is an ongoing debate. My personal view is that studying international news is of benefits to students.练习3.In many countries children are engaged in some kind of paid work. Some people regard this as completely wrong, while others consider it as valuable work experience, important for learning and taking responsibility.What are your opinion on this?练习3参考开头段答案：The issue of children doing paid work is a complex and sensitive one. It is difficult to say who has the right to judge whether children working is wrong or valuable. Opinions will also differ as to learning benefits: no doubt teachers and factory owners, for example, would have varying concerns.练习4.Some people prefer to spend their lives doing the same things and avoiding change. Others, however, think that change is always a good thing.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.练习4参考开头段答案：Over the last half century the pace of change in the life of human beings has increased beyond our wildest expectations. This has been driven by technological and scientific breakthroughs that are changing the whole way we view the world on an almost daily basis. This means that change is not always a personal option, but an inescapable fact of life, and we need to constantly adapt to keep pace with it.考官稀罕用词组~~~1. beyond our wildest expectations超过了我们最狂野的想象，让人吃惊=at a staggering rate2. on an daily basis 以日常的基础，每天3. adapt to: 适应…4. keep pace with…与保持同步，并驾齐驱开头段“四不要”1.不要照搬照抄题目2.不要太累赘冗长，一般3句左右3.不要模板化痕迹太重4.不要出现任何语法和拼写错误，要不考官会吐血的……问题解决型开头段写法：3句话左右Sentence 1: 文章的背景介绍，引入话题（同其他四类开头段写法）Sentence 2:概述造成这一问题的原因Sentence 3:说明文章要讨论的内容例: What are the causes and solutions of problem of the scarcity of water resources? Sentence 1:背景句：Water shortage is one of the most challenging issues to address in many countries on a worldwide scale.on a worldwide scale:在世界范围内Sentence 2:概括原因There are some factors contributing to this problem.Sentence 3:暗示下文In this essay, the most common factors will be discussed and analyzed, followed by some responsible solutions.问题类开头段常用句总结In this age of change, the human society is processing rapidly in various fields. Yet meanwhile, many problems have arisen, an attention-getting / thought-provoking one of which is…. In this essay, some possible causes of this phenomenon will be analyzed and some advisable solutions will be proposed as well from the perspective of my own. Advisable =feasible=available 可取的，可行的，明智的问题类开头段练习1练习：In terms of living standards, there is a gap between living in the city and living in the countryside. What are the reasons in your country and how can the difference be reduced?问题类开头段1练习参考答案In terms of standard of living, the gap between the urban areas and rural areas is widening at a staggering rate in many nations. There are some factors contributing to this issue. The focus of this essay is to illustrate the causes and explore some relevant and feasible measures to combat this situation.问题类开头段练习2Happiness is considered very important in life. Why is it difficult to define? What factors are important in achieving happiness?问题类开头段2练习参考答案Happiness is very difficult to define, because it means so many different things to different people. While some people link happiness to wealth and material success, others think it lies in emotions and loving personal relationship. Yet others think that spiritual paths, rather than either the material world or the relationships with people, are the only way to true happiness. 问题类开头段练习3In many countries schools have severe problems with student behavior. What do you think are the causes of this?What solutions can you suggest?问题类开头段3练习参考答案Poor students behavior seems to be an increasingly widespread problem and I think modern lifestyles are responsible for this.七.雅思议论文主体段写法1.主体段总体要求：1）correctness(正确性)：用词句法正确2）coherence & consistency(一致性):前后论证一致，逻辑性好3）cogency(说服力):观点要有力度,紧扣题目2.主体段结构：Topic sentence + Supporting sentences(1)Topic sentence: highlight your central point with one sentence (1 sentence)(2)Supporting sentences：sentences for the extension, explanation and justification of the topic sentences (2—3 sentence)例: Do the positive effects of advertising outweigh its negative effects?例题三个分支观点1.To begin with, one of the major functions of advertising is to assist consumers to find andbuy suitable products.（正面观点1）2.What is also worth noticing here is that advertising serves to stimulate consumption andcontributes to economic development. （正面观点2）3.In spite of its importance, there is no denying that every now and then, advertising leadscustomers into an impulsive purchase, thereby causing wasteful spending. （反面观点）3.写分支观点的注意事项1.分支观点要清晰明显: 放在段首2.分支观点之间使用信号词：分支观点之间要有明显的逻辑连接词来彰显清晰的结构和思路3.先重后轻原则: 2-3个论点按照说服力合理排序4.分支观点之间不要语意重复或重叠5.分支观点追求reasonable,不要标新立异4.如何构思分支观点？----万能理由(一)与物相关的话题：1.便利和方便：节省时间，提高效率，加快节奏Convenience : be time-saving, enhance efficiency, quicken the tempo of…2. 经济和发展：带来就业机会，提高就业率，增加税收收入，促进当地经济发展，促进相关产业发展Economy and development: bring job opportunities, raise employment rate, increase tax revenue, promote the progress of local economy and relevant / associated industries3. 安全：食品安全，人身安全，财产安全，社会安全security: food , personal, property, social security4. 空间：过度建设, 占用土地，生活空间减少，人口密集，对当地造成就业，资源，交通各方面压力Space: over construction, occupy land illegally, the decrease of living space, be thickly populated, pose great pressure on employment, resources and traffic5. 环保和生态：破坏或保护生态环境，生态平衡，沙漠化，滥砍滥伐，酸雨，臭氧层空洞，噪音，水污染，温室效应，辐射，白色垃圾Environmental protection: damage ecological environment, ecological balance, desertification, deforestation, acid rain, ozone depletion, noise, water pollution, greenhouse effect, radiation, white trash6. 科技发展：全球化带来机遇和挑战，工业生产，高科技产业，媒体，网络，高效率，数字化Scientific development: globalization has brought opportunities and challenges, industrial production, high-tech industry, medium(复数media),the Internet, high efficiency, digitization 7. 社会：社会整体发展,公共设施，法律，社区安全，医疗卫生Society: the overall development of society, infrastructure, laws and principles, community safety, medical treatment and hygiene（二）与人相关的话题：1.健康：身体健康---营养平衡，强健体魄，缓解压力，减少焦虑，辐射，垃圾食品的危害Health：Physical health: nutrition balance, build up one’s strength, relieve / ease stress, reduce anxiety, radiation, junk food心理健康---面对困难和挑战时乐观积极，充分了解自己，对自己的能力作适当的估价保持良好的人际关系，适度的情绪表达与控制，保持人格的完整与和谐Psychological / mental health: optimistic and motivated, fully understand oneself, properly evaluate one’s ability, keep loving interpersonal relationship, proper emotion expression and control, keep personality complete and harmonious2. 交流和情感：交朋友，集体活动，促进彼此交流和理解，增进感情，扩大视野，促进人际关系发展communication : group activities, promote mutual understanding, promote feeling, expand one’s outlook, promote interpersonal relationship3. 成就感和自我价值：为国家增添荣誉，得到社会和公众肯定，实现自我潜力和价值，树立正确价值观A sense of achievement and self-value: add honor to the country, receive appreciation and。