英语字母及字母组合的发音规则（一）元音字母的发音规则1. 字母Aa的发音：重读开音发/eɪ/ name face plane grape snake game classmate table baby sale重读闭音发/æ/ bag black thank panda rabbit apple grandpa and can lamp fan lamb carrot trash flat ant dad man familyfat happy轻读发/ə/ about panda elephant America banana umbrella sofa vegetable轻读发/ɪ/ orange village cabbage重读发/ɑ:/ ask fast task answer after father giraffe class banana grass在/w/后面发/ɒ/ want what watch wash quality /ʹkwɒlɪtɪ / 质量，品质 *例外water /ɔ:/重读发/e/ any many anything anyone anybody anyway重读发/eə/ parents various /ʹveərɪəs /各种各样的2. 字母Ee的发音：重读开音发/i:/ he she we these even complete完成 compete竞赛，竞技重读闭音发/e/ pen pencil ten red yellow elephant seven well yes very tell sell desk umbrella bed help chess menufresh set get轻读发/ə/ open problem children quiet science parents轻读发/ɪ/ eraser eleven because before decide report design prepare重读发/ɪə/ period/ʹpɪərɪəd/ 时段，时期3. 字母i (y)的发音：重读开音发/aɪ/ fine five nine kite time like knife drive ride climb child kind nice write white type sky why my trybye fly重读闭音发/ɪ/ six it is pig milk gift this sister fish big picture window fridge English thin ill dish rivervisit listen tip shipy字母轻读时发/ɪ/ friendly usually happy easy healthy funny busyi重读发/i:/ police/pəʹli:s/警察 magazine/mægʹzi:n/杂志machine/məʹʃi:n/ 机器 unique /ju:ʹni:k/唯一的，独特的technique /tek`ni:k/技巧4. 字母Oo的发音：重读开音发/əʊ/ nose go open yo-yo no photo phone home those over close重读闭音发/ɒ/ dog hot coffee doll from lock orange box long doctor sockshop God strong office not stop often hobby drop 重读闭音发/ʌ/ son monkey mother come some colour love does moneycompany become ton other another brother轻读发/ə/ second toʹday comʹputer toʹday toʹmorrow toʹmato重读发/u:/ do shoes to move移动 remove去除 tomb/tu:m/坟墓o不发音： season reason*三个o特殊发音的单词：woman /ʊ/ women /ɪ/ one /wʌ/5. 字母Uu的发音：重读开音发/ju:/ use useful usually cute duty music computer重读闭音发/ʌ/ bus but sun sunlight supper fun cut duck gun jump runhug study重读闭音发/ʊ/ pull push bush put full bull(公牛)轻读发/ə/ autumn succeed/səkʹsi:d/成功(动) success suggest/səʹdʒest/建议重读开音发/u:/ super blue ruller glue June true rude重读发/jʊə/ during/ʹdjuərɪŋ/在…期间 curious /ʹkjuərɪəs/好奇的 *两个u特殊发音的单词: busy/ʹbɪzɪ/ 忙的 bury /ʹberɪ/ 埋葬（二）元音字母与r字母组合的发音规则1. ar字母组合的发音：重读发/ɑ:/ are car card farm arm start art garden sharpener smart far park hard alarm party March mark dark轻读发/ə/ sugar/ʹʃʊgə/糖 dollar美元在w后发/ɔ:/ warm warn war quarter/ʹkwɔ:tə/一刻钟；四分之一2. er字母组合的发音：重读发/ɜ:/ certainly serve term person轻读发/ə/ sharpener hamburger under teacher tiger farmer driver3. ir字母组合的发音重读发/ɜ:/ bird third thirteen thirty girl first dirty firm4. or字母组合的发音重读发/ɔ:/ short fork sport morning report for born horse轻读发/ə/ doctor vistor actor forʹget ʹmonitor班长在w后发/ɜ:/ work word world worth值得的 worm蠕虫5. ur字母组合的发音重读发/ɜ:/ purple turn nurse hurt hamburger Thursday Saturday curtain帘子轻读发/ə/ surprise惊讶 surround/səʹraund/包围 survive存活（三）字母a与其它字母组合的发音规则1. ai字母组合的发音：重读发/eɪ/ paint rain rainbow tail wait train轻读不发音 certain certainly Britain curtain特殊发音：said /e/2. au字母组合的发音：重读发/ɔ:/ August cause fault autumn pause sauce调味汁 sausage香肠发/ɒ/ because Australia发/ɑ:/ aunt laugh3. al字母组合的发音：/ɔ:/ small tall fall talk walk/ɔ:l/ always almost already salt altogether/ɑ:/ half calm镇定，平静4. aw字母组合的发音：重读发/ɔ:/ draw paw爪子 saw law法律 dawn黎明 crawl爬行5. air字母组合的发音：发/eə/ air chair hair airport repair pair upstair6. are字母组合的发音：发/eə/ prepare share care careful dare敢7. augh字母组合的发音：发/ɔ:/ taught teach的过去式 caught catch的过去式 daughter女儿 naughty淘气的发/ɑ:f/ laugh8. ay字母组合的发音：重读发/eɪ/ day today pay play say way away may May hooʹray好哇，轻读发/ɪ/holiday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday特殊发音：says /e/（四）字母e与其它字母组合的发音规则1. ea字母组合的发音：发/i:/ teacher teach peach seat team clean please read jeans cheap speak leave easy eat发/e/ bread dead head heavy health healthy ready weather weather发/eɪ/ great break steak牛排发/ɪə/ real really idea2. ee字母组合的发音：发/i:/ meet three queen jeep see sheep tree feel feet bee3. ear字母组合的发音：发/ɪə/ ear hear near dear clear fear year发/ɜ:/ heard hear的过去式 learn early search寻找 research研究，调查发/eə/ pear bear wear穿，戴*特殊发音的单词：heart /ɑ:/心脏，心4. ei字母组合的发音：重读发/eɪ/ neighbour /ʹneɪbə/邻居重读发/i:/ receive收到 seize抓住 ceiling天花板轻读发/ɪ/ foreign/ʹfɔrɪn/外国的 foreigner外国人5. ew字母组合的发音：发/ju:/ few new news newspaper报纸发/u:/ blew吹（blow的过去式） flew飞（fly的过去式）threw扔（throw的过去式） crew全体船员发/əʊ/ sew 缝纫6. ere字母组合的发音：发/ɪə/ here sincere/sɪnʹsɪə/真诚的 mere仅仅，只是发/eə/ there where7. eer字母组合的发音：发/ɪə/ deer beer cheer peer同龄人，同伴 engineer/ˏendʒɪʹnɪə/工程师8. ey字母组合的发音：重读发/eɪ/ they hey obey遵守 grey灰色重读发/ i:/ key9. eigh字母组合的发音：发/eɪ/ eight eighteen eighty weigh weight*特殊发音：height /aɪ/ 高度10. ex字母组合的发音：发/ɪks/ exʹpress表达exʹpressoion exʹplain解释exʹpensive贵的exʹperiment实验发/eks/ʹextra额外的ʹexcellent极好的ʹexercise练习，运动ʹexit出口发/ɪgz/ exam考试 exact确切的（五）字母i与其它字母组合的发音规则1. ie字母组合的发音：发/i:/ piece片，块 beʹlieve field田地 thief小偷 chief主要的，长官 niece 侄女发/aɪ/ die lie tie发/aɪə/ quiet diet饮食 science科学发/ɪə/ fierce凶猛的2. ire字母组合的发音：发/aɪə/ tire（使）累 hire雇佣 wire电线 inʹspire激励 desire渴望 admire 崇拜3. igh字母组合的发音：发/aɪ/ right fight high night bright light might (may 的过去式)（六）字母o与其它字母组合的发音规则1. oa字母组合的发音：发/əʊ/ boat goat goal coat road load(载重，载入)发/ɔ:/ broad宽阔的 abroad在国外2. oar字母组合的发音：发/ɔ:/ board板 blackboard roar咆哮，怒吼 soar高飞3. oi和oy字母组合的发音：发/ɔɪ/ boy toy joy enjoy oil油 noise吵闹声 noisy boil煮沸，沸腾，（水）开4. oo字母组合的发音：发/ʊ/ 记住这些单词：book good goodbye look cook(煮，烹饪) wood(木头)foottook understood stood hook (钩子) hooʹray好哇，万岁！发/u:/ afternoon ballnoon too food school noon room noodle spoonsoon cool tool fool moon发/ʌ/ 记住两个单词：flood(洪水) blood(血)5. oor字母组合的发音：发/ɔ:/ 记住两个单词：floor(地板) door发/ʊə/ 记住这个单词：poor(贫穷的)6. ou字母组合的发音：发/aʊ/ mouth cloud mouse sound house mountain about count southround发/ʌ/ enough/ɪʹnʌf/ 足够的 cousin country发/u:/ you soup group routine/ru:ʹti:n/常规工作发/əʊ/ shoulder肩膀 soul心灵发/ɒ/ *记住这个单词cough /kɒf/ 咳嗽轻读发/ə/ dangerous危险的 famous出名的 humorous幽默的7. ough字母组合的发音：发/ɔ:/ fought（fight的过去式） thought（think的过去式） brought（bring的过去式）bought（buy的过去式）*记住这些特殊发音的单词：though/ðəʊ/尽管，即使 plough /plaʊ/耕地through/θru:/ 穿过，通过（介词）thorough /ʹθʌrə/ 彻底的，完全的8. our字母组合的发音：发/aʊə/ our hour flour面粉发/ʊə/ tour (旅途，旅行) tourist(游客)轻读发/ə/ humo(u)r幽默 colo(u)r favo(u)r赞同，喜爱 neighbo(u)r邻居9. ow字母组合的发音：发/aʊ/ brown how flower down now发/əʊ/ rainbow window know snow ʹfollow show flow水流，流动*特殊发音的单词：knowledge /ʹnɒlɪdʒ/ 知识10. ure字母组合的发音：重读发/ʊə/ sure确信的，的确 surely enʹsure使确信重读发/jʊə/ cure治愈 maʹture成熟的 seʹcure安全的轻读发/ə/pleasure/ʹpleʒə/高兴measure/ʹmeʒə/尺寸，措施treasure/ʹtreʒə/财宝（七）辅音字母的发音规则Bb /b/ Cc 在a, o和u前发/k/；在e和i前发/s/ Dd /d/ Ff /f/ Gg /g/ /dʒ/ Hh /h/ Jj /dʒ/ Kk /k/ Ll /ǀ/ Mm /m/ Nn /n/ /ŋ/ Pp /p/ Qq /k/Yy /j/ Zz /z/（八）需特别注意的辅音字母的发音规则1. c字母的特殊发音：c在单词中间，ia和ie前发/ʃ/ social社会的，社交的 official 官方的muʹsician音乐家 ancient/ʹeɪʃənt/古代的2. g字母的特殊发音：garage /ʹgærɑ:ʒ/ 车库；修车间3. s字母的特殊发音：/ʃ/ sure sugar Russia Asia/ʒ/ usual usually pleasure measure treasure4. n字母的特殊发音：n在/k/和/g/前面发/ŋ/ think thank angry bank language5. x字母的发音：在结尾或辅音前发/ks/ box fox text except expert export在元音前发/gz/ exam exact example*发/kʃ/ anxious /ʹæŋkʃəs/焦虑的；焦急的6. l字母的两种发音：l后面有元音就发/ǀ/ （了） look like fly love family live friendlyl后面没有元音就发/ǀ/（猴） apple people beautiful fall film salt help child（九）需特别注意的辅音字母组合的发音规则1. ng字母组合在词尾发/ŋ/ thing something sing song long strong wrong young2. ch字母组合的发音：发/tʃ/ teacher peach chance church beach cheer cheap chip ouch发/k/ school ache痛technology /tekʹnɒlədʒɪ/技术chemistry /ʹkemɪstrɪ/化学发/ʃ/ machine /məʹʃi:n/ 机器 moustache /məʹstɑ:ʃ/ 小胡子发/dʒ/ sandwich 三明治3. ck字母组合发/k/ cock duck clock chicken kick Jack back black lock pick4. tch字母组合发/tʃ/ match 比赛；匹配 catch 抓住 fetch 去拿来5. th字母组合的发音：发/θ/ think thank fourth thing thin three third fifth发/ð/ they this that with there these those father mother brother6. qu字母组合发/kw/ quite quiet quick quiz question quarter quality7. que字母组合发/k/ technique /tekʹni:k/技巧 cheque /tʃek/支票8. ph字母组合发/f/ elephant photo telephone9. gh字母组合发/f/ enough 足够的 tough 强壮的，威猛的 rough 粗糙的 cough咳嗽10. kn字母组合发/n/，k不发音 knife know knee膝盖 knit编织 knot结，打结11. wr字母组合发/r/，w不发音 wrong write wrap包裹 wrinkle皱纹；起皱12. wh字母组合的发音：发/w/ what white why which when where wheel车轮发/h/ who whose whom whole整个13. ture字母组合轻读发/tʃə/ picture culture/ʹkʌltʃə/文化future/ʹfju:tʃə/未来temperature/temprɪtʃə/温度14. tion字母组合的发音：发/ʃən/ station(车)站nation国家，民族action动作education/ˏedju:ʹkeɪʃən/教育发/tʃən/ *记住这两个单词：question suggestion /səʹdʒestʃən/ 建议15. ssion或sion字母组合的发音：发/ʃən/ expression/ɪksʹpreʃən/表达，表情impression/ɪmʹpreʃən/印象intension/ɪnʹtenʃən/专心致志发/ʒən/ decision/dɪʹsiʒən/决定 explosion/ɪksʹpləʊʒən/爆炸 conclusion/kənkʹlu:ʒən/结论 decision/dɪʹsɪʒən/决定（十）单词附加词尾的发音规则英语中单词的附加词尾主要有：名词的复数形式，动词的第三人称单数形式，动词的-ed 形式，动词的-ing形式，和形容词的比较级和最高级形式。