中考英语名词专题复习名词分为:普通名词、专有名词和复合名词名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词。
普通名词⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 可数名词⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 个体名词:chair ,book 集体名词:people ,family不可数名词⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 物质名词:rain ,ice ,sunshine 抽象名词:love ,knowledge专有名词:1。
表示人名 如:Jim Kate Li Lei Miss Gao2。
表示地名: 如: China USA England Beijing3。
表示星期、月份等时间概念的名称,如:Sunday Monday Tuesday January February4.表示中外节日:国际性节日:New Year May Day Children’s DayWomen’s Day中国节日: Spring Festival Mid —autumn Day National Day西方节日: Christmas Day Easter (复活节)Father's Day Mother's Day Saint Valentine's Day (情人节)5。
机构或一些社会团体的名称,它们往往缩写,如:CCTV UN WTO PLA PRC UFO BBC SOS UN ITNBA IQ EQ PE RMB VIP1。
drink-——coffee , milk,tea…2。
food —-—rice ,bread ,meat…porridge , tofu ,…3。
sugar ,salt,pepper,butter…4。
weather-——rain ,snow ,ice,cloud ,wind…5。
cotton,silk ,wool ,mental,paper,wood ,glass , plastic可数名词单数一般可用a ,an,one 来修饰 注:a 用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an 用于元音音素开头的单词前*a book,* an English book ,* an hour 。
名词的复数形式规则变化(1) 一般在复数名词后加“s"dog – dogs book – books(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es"box – boxes watch – watches bus——buses(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es"country – countries factory – factories请区别:如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词则只须加“s”boy – boys holiday—holidays monkey – monkeys(4)以f、fe 结尾的名词,变f、fe 为v再加“es”half – halves shelf – shelves knife – knives leaf – leaves特殊:belief———beliefs roof-——roofs(5)以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s,读作/z/。
potato,tomato,hero除外*piano – pianos * zoo – zoosradio-radios bamboo--bamboos2.不规则变化(1)单复数同形fish–fish Japanese – Japanese Chinese—Chinese sheep–sheep(2)变元音字母oo为eetooth – teeth foot – feet(3)。
变man为menman – men woman – womenpoliceman – policemenFrenchman – Frenchmen请区别:German(德国人) – Germans(“中日"不变“英法"变,其余s加后面)(4).常以复数形式出现的名词people clothes shoes trousers glasses这些名词作主语时,注意它们的谓语用复数*My clothes are newer than yours.3。
可数名词可以被a,an, one, two以及how many,many,a few,few,any,lots of, a lot of ,some等修饰*There are a few people in the park。
*How many knives are there in your pencil—box?1。
Several _____ are talking under the tree.And they are talking about______。
A.woman;children B.woman; child C.women;children2。
There are three in my family。
A. peopleB. person C。
child3。
Some ______ came to our school for a visit that day。
A。
Germans B。
Germen C。
Germany D。
Germanies4. In the picture there are many______ and two_______。
A。
sheeps;knifes B。
sheeps;knife C。
sheep;knives D。
sheep;knife5. There are four_______and two_______in the group。
A. Japanese,Germen B。
Japaneses,GermenC。
Japanese,German D. Japanese,Germans★不可数名词物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如:water,rice,fish,meat 等。
work chalk time space music money weather homeworkwood information news medicine1。
单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数Some bread is over there。
No news is good news.2.不可数名词不能被a, an,one, two等修饰,常用how much,much, a little, little,a lot of,lots of,some,any,plenty of 等修饰They had much money.He does little housework at home.*a rice (X)two bread (X)3。
有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化,同一个词,但意思不同glass(玻璃)– a glass(玻璃杯)work(工作) – a work(著作) time(时间) – times(次数)练习①。
Please give me ______ paper。
A. one B。
a pieces C。
a piece D。
a piece of②. This table is made of_______.A。
many glass B。
some glasses C. glasses D。
glass③。
—What can I do for you,sir?-I’d like two_________。
A。
bottle of milk B。
bottles of milks C.bottles of milk D.bottle of milks④. We can do the work better with______money and ________ people.A。
less,fewer B。
fewer,less C。
little,little D. few, few名词所有格表示名词间的所有关系“ …的”一。
名词所有格的构成方法1。
一般情况下,在有生命的名词后加“’s”Kangkang's father Lucy’s book2。
以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“ '”即可Teachers’ office The Greens' house3。
不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“’s”* Children' s Day *men' s shoes4.无生命名词的所有关系用of *a picture of the classroom加名词,构成所属关系的短语*the color of the wall5。
双重所有格, of+名词性物主代词/名词后加”’s”,A photo of Mary’s6。
如果事物为2人或2人以上共同所有,在最后一个名词后加—’s;如果事物不是2人1 广东的省会the capital of Guangdong2 教室的门the doors of the classroom3 我父亲的一个朋友a friend of my father’s4 他的两个兄弟two brothers of his5 爱迪生的一些发明some inventions of Edison’s6 他弟弟的一张照片(照片属于他弟弟)a picture of his brother's7 他弟弟的一张照片(照片里的人是他弟弟)a picture of his brother1。
修饰另一名词时,一般用单数*There are three banana trees over there。
2. man woman用做定语时,应与后面的名词保持数的一致*We need a man teacher.*They are all women workers。
3.sports,clothes做定语时,仍用复数形式*a sports star *a clothes shop练习题1、—Is it true that some colors can make us feel relaxed?-Yes.Colors do have the ______ to change our feelings and moods。
A.secret B.power C.idea D.experience2、In western countries, ________ are thrown away each day.A。
mountains of rubbish B。
mountains of rubbishes C。
a lot of rubbish D。
a lot of rubbishes3、–How soon shall we start the bicycle trip?—- _________.A。