In Chinese texts, abstract emotions like happiness, pressure and benefits may be ―brought‖, but in English this is usually considered, at the very least, a bit awkward or, at the very worst, bizarre. In any case I would advise forgetting the word ―bring‖ altogether and substituting it for a specific verb or a different structure. Some examples as follows:带来快乐- ―Bring happiness‖ is a little weird to my ears; depending on context, ―brighten up‖, ―make someone happy‖, ―please‖ (as a verb) and other str uctures would be much preferred. Thus:他的课给我们带来很多快乐。

Might be rendered as: ―His classes make us so happy‖ or perhaps ―His classes really brighten us up.‖You could even say, ―His classes put us in a good mood.‖ A literal translation of ―His classes bring us a lot of happiness‖ sounds strange in English.带来压力- ―Bring pressure‖ is possible, though a bit awkward. In English the common collocations are ―put pressure on someone/something‖ or ―feel pressure from something/someone‖. But there are other ways to express the same thing, economically, in English, as can be demonstrated in this example:这个作业给我带来很多压力。

You might say: ―This work is really stressful‖ and avoid a literal translation altogether. Again, avoiding the word ―bring‖ works wonders. Another good e xample:这个情况给不少企业带来压力。

My suggested translation is: ―This situation puts a lot of pressure on a number of enterprises.‖ Of course, the main idea is that you avoid using the word ―bring‖.带来利益- You may have come across the Chinglish expression ―bring benefits‖ which, whilst is not unheard of in English, could be improved greatly by simply using the verb ―benefits‖. ―Something has benefits‖ or ―something is beneficial‖ may also be possible. Consider:娱乐园的正式开放，给周边的很多行业都带来利益。

Literally: ―The official opening o f the amusement park has brought benefits to many of the surrounding industries.‖More naturally: ―The official opening of the amusement park has benefited many of the surrounding industries.‖It’s not a case of right or wrong –and, indeed, there’s nothin g grammatically wrong with the first translation. However in good, formal English redundant words tend to be exchanged for more succinct expressions.Put simply, in Chinese logic, opinions can be labelled as ―right‖ or ―wrong‖, ―correct‖ or ―incorrect‖ with relative ease. Whilst this kind of extreme reasoning may be used from time to time in English, you will sound a lot more intelligent if you use higher-quality adjectives such as:∙convincing or persuasive (有说服力的)∙appropriate or suitable (合适的)∙logical or rational (逻辑的；有道理的)∙credible, believable or plausible (可信的)∙equitable or fair (公平的)∙rational or reasonable (合理的)Now you might say, ―But we do say things are right and wrong, correct and incorrect in English!‖ and this is true. In conversation, for example, you may render 我觉得你说得对as ―I think you’re right‖ and that’s totally fine. However in formal writing the vocabulary should be suitably high-level. Take a look at:这个论点是正确的。

As you can imagine, there are many possible translations, but I would advise avoiding ―right‖ or ―correct‖ in any case for stylistic reasons. (If you really must know, I think ―This point is convincing‖ is a good translati on, but even ―point‖ may be omitted depending on the situation, since English prefers brevity wherever possible.)3. 培养To be brief, whilst 培养is often translated as ―cultivate‖, my opinion is this word has largely been replaced by ―foster‖ in recent times.性格培养- To ―build one’s character‖ or ―character-building‖ (as a noun and attributive) are decent, albeit formal, translations.4. 外国的/ 外来的For whatever reason, the word ―foreign‖ has developed slightly negative connotations in the past few decades and, as a result, you should avoid using it when translating 外国的or 外来的. Take, for instance, the fact that you’ll probably never hear a native speaker refer to students from other countries as ―foreign students‖ unless it was a negative context –―international students‖ or ―overseas students‖ are the standard expressions. More examples are as follows:外国人- ―Foreigner[s]‖ is a totally acceptable translation but my feeling is native speakers of English would avoid this term. What would they substitute it with? I would think in most cases they would try to use a more specific term like ―Chinese‖, ―Korean‖, etc, or even say something like ―international guests‖ or ―visitors from overseas‖.外国旅客- ―Foreign tourist[s]‖ sounds so Chinese to me; ―international tourist[s]‖ is much better, and more common according to Google.外国投资者- ―Foreign investor[s]‖ is fine; ―international investor[s]‖ is more natural.外语- This may be one of the exceptions; ―foreign language[s]‖ appears to be the accepted term. ―A as a second langu age‖ is a very common structure as well.To sum up, I’m not saying that English native speakers never use the word ―foreign‖ in a positive or neutral sense, but rather that the word seems to be falling out of fashion and thus should be avoided whenever possible. This could be seen as part of the Political Correctness (PC) phenomenon, a broad concept which goes beyond the idea behind this post.5. 高技术When translating 高技术―high technology‖ is perfectly acceptable but ―advanced technology‖ is much more common in English according to Google. Note that there are no problems with the adjective―high-tech‖.6. 导致/ 造成导致and 造成have three main renderings in English, the small differences of which I will try to explain here:∙Result in / cause –implies a relatively quick result, e.g., ―The government’s proposal will cause / result in higher unemployment rates.‖ (政府的提议会导致更高的失业率。