在各个英语学习论坛上,经常可以看到有关Chinglish(中式英语)的文章,但一般都是中国人写的。
不过我看到一篇长文,也是有关Chinglish的,但却是美国人写的,很有意思。
这篇长文的标题是Chinglish2 English(从中式英语到标准英语),作者是浙江大学的美国外教ChuckAllanson,内容则是Chuck在中国五年任教期间所听到、所看到的各种Chinglish说法。
比如Chuck第一次来中国,下飞机后,负责接待他的东北某大学英语系陈老师说:您刚到,我们吃点饭吧。
我们要点Chinesedumpling(饺子)和Chinesebeancurd(豆腐),您看可以吗?Chuck以前从未听说过这两种东西,但出于好奇,就说可以,结果饭菜端上来一看,原来就是ravioli(饺子,来自意大利语)和tofu(豆腐,来自日语)。
Chuck 当时心里暗想,这两种东西,国际上早已经有通用的说法(ravioli和tofu),他们中国人为什么还要用那种生僻的说法呢?以后Chuck跟陈先生混熟了,就问他,当初你为什么不说ravioli和tofu呢?陈先生听了大吃一惊,连忙解释说,我真的不知道这两个词,而且我们的《英汉词典》上也没有这两个词。
于是Chuck 开始意识到,中国的英语教师、英语课本、甚至英语词典肯定存在问题,否则不可能发生这种事情。
在中国五年的任教期间,Chuck收集了大量的Chinglish说法,从中挑选出一组最常见的,编写了上面提到的那篇长文。
下面就是这些Chinglish说法,其中每行第一部分是汉语说法,第二部分是Chinglish说法,第三部分则是英语的标准说法。
①欢迎你到... ②welcome you to ... ③welcome to ...①永远记住你②remember you forever③always remember you(没有人能活到forever)①祝你有个... ②wish you have a ... ③I wish you a ... ①给你②give you ③here you are①很喜欢... ②very like ... ③like ... very much ①黄头发②yellow hair ③blond/blonde(西方人没有yellow hair的说法)①厕所②WC ③men's room/women's room/restroom①真遗憾②it's a pity ③that's too bad/it's a shame(it's a pity说法太老)①裤子②trousers ③pants/slacks/jeans ①修理②mend ③fix/repair①入口②way in ③entrance①出口②way out ③exit(way out在口语中是crazy的意思)①勤奋②diligent ③hardworking/studious/conscientious ①应该②should ③must/shall①火锅②chafing dish ③hot pot①大厦②mansion ③center/plaza①马马虎虎②so-so ③average/fair/all right/not too bad/OK (西方人很少使用so-so)①好吃②delicious ③good/nice/tasty/appetizing (delicious在中国被滥用)①尽我最大努力②try my best ③try/strive(try 的本意就是try my best)①有名②famous ③well-known/renowned/legendary/popular(famous在中国被滥用)①滑稽②humorous ③funny/witty/amusing/entertaining ①欺骗②to cheat ③to trick/to play a joke on/to con/to deceive/to rip off ①车门②the door of the car ③the car's door①怎么拼? ②how to spell? ③how do you spell?①再见②bye-bye ③bye/seeyou/see you later/later(bye-bye有些孩子气)①玩②play ③go to/do(play在中国被滥用)①面条②noodles ③pasta (noodles有些孩子气)①据说②it is said ③I heard/I read/I was told ①等等②and so on ③etc.①直到现在②till now ③recently/lately/thus far ①农民②peasant ③farmer①宣传②propaganda ③information肉类及海鲜:*肉pork*排chop五花肉streaky pork/marbled beef 肥肉fatty meat 瘦肉lean meat 前腿fore leg后腿hind leg*蹄pettitoes脚爪hock & foot蹄筋sinew软骨gristle牛肉beef roast小牛肉veal碎牛肉ground beef牛排steak小牛肉veal 牛腿肉silverside牛腰肉sirloin羊肉mutton鹿肉venison羊排lamb chop羊腿gigot 鸡腿drumstick鸭翅膀duck wing腊肉preserved ham 香肠sausage鱼圆fishball虾皮dried small shrimps海蜇jelly fish蚝oyster三文鱼/鲑鱼salmon鲈鱼weever鳝eel金枪鱼tuna带鱼hairtail海参sea cucumber明虾prawn虾仁peeled prawns龙虾lobster小龙虾crawfish扇贝/鲜贝scallop鲍鱼abalone海带kelp蛤clam蛏子razor clam虾子shrimp’s egg鱼子roe凤尾鱼anchovy鳕鱼cod鲳鱼pomfret青鱼herring鲭mackerel淡菜moule沙丁鱼pilchard/sardine 海螺whelk蚌mussel海扇cockle比目鱼plaice海鳗eel墨鱼cuttlefish旗鱼swordfish蔬菜及豆类:卷心菜cabbage椰菜/西兰花broccoli甘蓝Chinese broccol/gai larn花菜cauliflower白菜/青菜pak choi/bok choi/Chinese white cabbage菜心flowering cabbage空心菜water spinach塌棵菜Chinese flat cabbage芥菜mustard韭菜Chinese chive/leek韭黄leek shoot莴苣/生菜lettuce甜菜beet菠菜spinach芹菜celery茄子eggplant/aubergine香菜caraway胡萝卜carrot小红萝卜radish 萝卜turnip芋艿taro番茄tomato土豆potato小土豆charlotte黄瓜cucumber 丝瓜fuzzy melon/towel gourd芦笋asparagus茭白wild rice shoots洋葱onion 山芋sweet potato山药yam青椒green pepper红辣椒chilli豌豆pea扁豆haricot 小扁豆lentil毛豆green soy bean黄豆/大豆soybean蚕豆fava bean豇豆cowpea绿豆mung bean豆芽bean sprout南瓜pumpkin冬瓜white gourd苦瓜bitter gourd大蒜garlic蒜苗garlic stem竹笋bamboo shoot蘑菇mushroom草菇straw mushroom藕lotus root秋葵gumbo茨菇arrowhead豆制品:豆腐tou-fu/bean curd豆腐衣bean sheets粉丝bean starch noodles粉皮bean starch sheets豆腐干丝bean curd strips腐乳pickled bean curd油面筋fried gluten puff油豆腐fried bean curd puff豆豉fermented black bean豆酱fermented soybean百叶beancurd sheets豆腐干dried beancurd调味料及香精:(condiment/flavoring/dressing/essences)酱油soy双抽black soy sauce生抽thin soy sauce醋vinegar白醋white vinegar 盐salt糖sugar料酒rice wine冰糖rock sugar花椒wild pepper胡椒pepper黑胡椒black pepper生姜ginger生姜丝shredded ginger三明治酱sandwich spread虾酱shrimp paste鱼子酱caviar蟹酱crab paste芥末mustard味精MSG 咖喱curry香料fines herbs丁香clove茴香fennel八角/大茴香aniseed小茴香cumin肉桂cinnamon多香果allspice马槟榔caper肉豆寇nutmeg藏红花saffron 月桂laurel孜然cumin 欧芹parsley太白粉starch嫩肉粉tenderizer乳酪cheese 牛油butter麻油sesame oil橄榄油olive oil蚝油oyster sauce发粉baking powder沙茶satay琼脂agar-agar发酵粉baking powder酵母yeast香精essence五香粉five spice powder法式色拉酱French dressing/ vinaigrette海鲜酱hoisin sauce番茄酱tomato sauce/ketchup辣椒酱chilli sauce酸辣酱chutney 花生酱peanut butter香蒜酱pesto极辣的辣椒酱Tabasco sauce千岛酱thousand island豆豉soy sauce葱scallion 红糖dark brown sugar老卤master sauce水果:菠萝/凤梨pineapple西瓜watermelon哈密瓜honey-dew melon槟榔betelnut 椰子coconut芒果mango木瓜papaya甘蔗sugarcane桔子tangerine橙子/柳橙orange李子plum柚子grapefruit/pomelo蟠桃flat peach水蜜桃juicy peach 金橘cumquat石榴guava草莓strawberry无花果fig红毛丹rumbutan山竹mangosteen榴莲durian杨梅waxberry芦粟sorgo孛荠/地梨water-chestnut 龙眼longan荔枝lichee菱角water caltrop杨桃star fruit枣子date猕猴桃/奇异果kiwi杏子apricot枇杷loquat山楂haw柿子persimmon樱桃cherry柠檬lemon 南北货/干果/坚果:桂圆dried longan当归angelica胡桃walnut木耳agaric银耳white fungus金针菜lily bud榛子hazelnut松子pine seed葡萄干raisin无核葡萄干currant发菜black moss银杏ginkgo人参ginseng栗子chestnut澳洲坚果macadamia/queensland nut点心及零嘴:中式:中式点心dim sum(饮茶Yum Cha)油条twisted cruller豆浆bean milk 豆腐花beancurd jelly包子bum豆沙包smashed bean bun馒头steamed bread 花卷twistbread馄饨wonton锅贴fried wontons水饺boiled dumpling蒸虾饺steamed prawn dumpling小笼包子small steamer bun虾饺shrimp dumpling烧卖shao-mai肠粉rice noodle roll春卷spring roll葱油饼green onion pie油饼cruller千层糕layer cake马拉糕Cantonese sponge cake八宝饭rice pudding 凉粉agar-agar jelly河粉fried rice noodles干炒牛河fried rice noodles w/beef 年糕rice cake炒面chow mein杂碎Chop Suey芙蓉蛋Egg Foo Yung汤面noodles soup阳春面plain noodles刀削面sliced noodles炸酱面noodlesw/soybean paste打卤面noodles w/gravy芝麻糊sesame paste萝卜丝饼turnip strips cake碗糕salty rice pudding凤梨酥pineapple cake豆沙sweet bean paste糯米sticky rice血糯米black sticky rice白粥congee西式:麦芬/松饼muffin馅饼pie小甜饼cookie汉堡三明治deli sandwichs法国长棍Baguette羊角面包croissant泡夫puff拿破仑Napoleons酥饼flaky pastry唐那滋/油炸圈饼doughnut蛋挞tart大块面包loaf吐司toast意大利面pasta意粉spaghetti意式宽面lasagne意式干面tagliatelle意式扁面Linguine意式细面Vermicelli提拉米苏Tira Misu面包皮crust华夫饼干waffle苏打饼干soda cracker杏仁饼干macaroon核仁巧克力饼brownie姜饼gingersnap慕司mousse果酱jam糖浆syrup薄荷mint麦片oatmeal圣代sundae雪芭sorbet甜筒icecream cone蜜桃冰淇淋peach melba香草vanilla奶昔milkshake火焰冰激凌baked Alaska意式冰激凌Spumoni奶油冻custard羊乳酪feta人造黄油Margarine甜馅mincemeat 蛋黄酱mayonnaise奶油蛋黄酱mornay sauce果酱jam柑桔果酱marmalade枫糖酱maple syrup零嘴及其他:爆米花popcorn牛肉干beef jerk果冻jam泡泡糖bubble gum棒棒糖bonbon水果糖konfyt陈皮orange peel棉花糖cotton candy太妃糖toffee 香瓜子sunflower seed南瓜子pumpkin seed藕粉lotus root starch馅子filling 便当lunchbox自助餐buffet零嘴snack蜜饯tutti-frutti荞麦粉buckwheat玉米粉cornmeal香米fragrant rice酥油ghee米粉rice flour大西米sago酒酿sweet fermented-rice燕窝bird’s nest(法)块菌truffle榨菜preserved Szechuan vegetable中西菜式:主菜main course一道菜course招牌菜specialty浇头toppings泡菜pickles酸黄瓜sour cucumber例汤soup of the day罗宋汤borsch鱼羹fish chowder薯泥mashed potatoes 玉米卷taco杂烩chowder沙锅菜casserole炖菜stew炖肉daube肉片/鱼片fillet蛋白egg white蛋黄yolk煎蛋omelette荷包蛋poached egg(单面sunny-side up双面over easy)水煮蛋/白灼蛋boiled egg(半熟soft-boiled)炒蛋scrambled egg皮蛋thousand year egg茶叶蛋tea egg咸鸭蛋salted duck egg肉汁gravy蔬菜通心粉汤Minestrone西班牙肉菜饭paella肉汤broth意式调味饭Risotto腓力牛排Tournedos/filet mignon(用Bearnaise Sauce)西冷牛排sirloin steak牛百叶/*肚tripe火锅hot pot奶油洋葱汤cream of onion soup清炖肉汤consomme乡下浓汤country soup鱼排fish fillet浓汤bisque(中式)杂碎chop suey烤肉串kabob爱尔兰炖菜Irish stew意大利蔬菜汤minestrone青豆泥puree of peas北京烤鸭Peking duck(法)蔬菜炖肉ragout 意大利腊肠salami马来西亚米粉laksa意大利腊肠salami(泰)冬荫功Tom Yum Goong日本料理:味噌汤miso shiru天妇罗(甜不辣)tempura寿司shushi铁板烧teppanyaki烤鸡肉串Yakitori甜味烤*肉teriyakii日本火锅sukiyaki生鱼片sashimi清酒saki 芥末酱wasabi荞麦面soba noodles紫菜nori芥末(其实是山葵)wasabi味噌miso鱼汤dashi河豚fugu七味粉shichimi大麦茶mugi-cha乌冬udon鱼生:金枪鱼maguro(tuna)鲷鱼madai(sea bream)黑鲈suzuki(sea bass)鲣鱼katsua(bonito)鳟鱼masn(trout)鱿鱼ika(squid)章鱼kato(octopus)北极贝geoduck(mirugai)韩国料理:韩国烤肉Korean barbecue石头火锅Jungol韩国泡菜kimgee饮品:饮料beverages/quencher红茶black tea锡兰上等红茶Pekoe新茶sincha茉莉花茶jasmine tea龙井dragon’s well/Lungching乌龙Oulung铁观音Tieh-Kuan-Yin云雾茶cloud mist功夫茶gongou袋泡茶teabag柠檬水lemonade姜汁ginger ale酸奶yoghurt全脂full cream脱脂skimmed不含咖啡因decaffeinated咖啡伴侣coffee mate方糖cube sugar速溶咖啡instant coffee 阿华田Ovaltine七喜Seven-up养乐多Chlorella Yakult苏打水soda麦酒ale补酒tonic生啤draft beer黑啤stout宾治punch酸梅汤plum juice樱桃酒kirsch 雪利酒sherry奶粉powered milk干邑cognac香槟champagne金酒gin厨具/餐具:(kitchenware/tableware)盘子plate汤盘tureen碗bowla调味瓶cruet胡椒粉瓶pepper shaker榨汁机juicer搅拌器mixer刨冰机ice crusher烤箱oven球形匙scoop汤匙soup spoon 调味品架spice rack电饭煲auto rice cooker方糖架pincers吸管straw热水瓶thermos水壶kettle凉水壶jug烤架grill煤气gas锅pot平底锅pan煎锅frying pan菜刀kitchen knife/cleaver砧板chopping board冰块桶ice bucket水槽sink 滤网strainer煲锅slow cooker洗手盅finger bowl餐具柜sideboard电冰箱fridge 抹布duster/rags铝箔aluminum foil模子mould坛子jar罐头can水龙头tap弹簧秤spring scale中式餐具:炒锅wok炒菜勺frying spoon漏子frying basket蒸笼steaming basket 汽锅steamboat砂锅earthenware casserole/sandy pot筷架chopsticks rack汽车:轿车sedan房车limo油门accelerator刹车brake引擎engine离合器clutch排档gears汽缸cylinder遮阳板sun visor保险带seat belt保险杠bumper方向灯blinker尾灯tail lamp轮胎tire轮胎花纹thread汽化剂carburetor底盘chassis 档泥板fender方向盘steering wheel活塞piston冷冻剂coolant润滑油lubrication仪表盘dashboard里程表odometer速度计speedometer油表gauge 档风玻璃windshield雨刷windshield wiper车牌number plate后门rear door千斤顶jack加油站gas station柴油diesel汽油废气emissions加仑gallon加油refuel游车河joyride实习司机L-driver超车overtake吊销revoke靠边停车pull over乱穿马路jaywalk高峰时间commuting hours车道driveway/lane车库garage停车场parking lot最高车速speed limit高速公路freeway公路highway 部分品牌:奔驰Mercedes大众VW丰田Toyota本田Honda三菱Mitsu铃木Suzuki保时捷Porsche捷豹/积架Jaguar富豪Volve雪铁龙Citroen宝马BMW 欧宝Opel雷诺Renault阿尔法罗蜜欧Alfa Romeo凌志Lexus奥迪Audi无限Infiniti路华集团Rover绅宝SAAB福特Ford雪佛兰Chevy莲花Lotus富士Subaru大宇Daewoo阿库拉Acura别克Buick克莱斯勒Chrysler道奇Dodges 杰傲Geo通用GMC五十铃Isuzu起亚Kia墨丘利Mercury日产Nissan迷你Mini庞蒂克Pontiac奥兹Olds野马Mustang悍马Hummer野马Mustang陆虎Land Rover吉普Jeep音乐流派:Jazz:爵士,包括有cool jazz, bebop, acid jazz, swing, fushion等。