基础口译教程词汇短语表U4 Humanity and EnvironmentWarming-up Practice1. Plant and animal habitats will be changed by global warming.habitat /'hæbɪtæt/ n. the natural home of a plant or animal〔动植物的〕生活环境；栖息地global /'gləʊb(ə)l/ warming: a general increase in world temperatures caused by increased amounts of carbon dioxide around the Earth全球变暖predict /prɪ'dɪkt/ v. to say that something will happen, before it happens预言，预料，预测one-third 1/3significantly /sɪg'nɪfɪk(ə)ntlɪ/ adv. in an important way or to an important degree显著地species /'spiːʃiːz/ n. a group of animals or plants whose members are similar and can breed together to produce young animals or plants〔动植物的〕物种，种carbon dioxide: /'kɑːb(ə)n/ /d aɪ'ɒksaɪd/ the gas produced when animals breathe out, when carbon is burned in air, or when animal or vegetable substances decay二氧化碳content /'kɒntent/ n. the amount of a substance that is contained in something含量atmosphere /'ætməsfɪə/ n. the mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth〔地球的〕大气（层）give top priority to 给予优先考虑pollution /pə'luːʃ(ə)n/ n. the process of making air, water, soil etc dangerously dirty and not suitable for people to use, or the state of being dangerously dirty污染summit /'sʌmɪt/ n. an important meeting or set of meetings between the leaders of several governments首脑会议，最高级会议，峰会miss the chance错过机会catastrophe /kə'tæstrəfɪ/ n. a terrible event in which there is a lot of destruction, suffering, or death 灾难，大祸，严重的不幸2. Asia is facing serious environmental problems.face: v. if you face or are faced with a difficult situation, or if a difficult situation faces you, it is going to affect you and you must deal with it面临〔困难〕，面对〔困境〕serious /'sɪərɪəs/ adj. extremely bad or dangerous〔情况、问题、事故等〕严重的release /rɪ'liːs/ v. to let news or official information be known and printed公开发表，发布threat /θret/ n. a statement in which you tell someone that you will cause them harm or trouble if they do not do what you want威胁，恐吓rapid /'ræpɪd/ adj. happening or done very quickly and in a very short time快速的，迅速的shrink /ʃrɪŋk/v. to become smaller使缩小; 缩小rain forest: a tropical forest with tall trees that are very close together, growing in an area where it rains a lot（热带）雨林especially /ɪ'speʃ(ə)lɪ/ adv. used to emphasize that something is more important or happens more with one particular thing than with others尤其Malaysia /məˈleɪʒə/ n. 马来西亚Philippines /'filipi:nz/ n. 菲律宾Thailand /'taɪlænd/ n. 泰国according to根据……3. The pandas are facing a crisis?reserve /rɪ'zɜːv/ n. an area of land where wild animals and plants are protected〔野生生物〕保护区crisis /'kraɪsɪs/ n. a situation in which there are a lot of problems that must be dealt with quickly so that the situation does not get worse or more dangerous危机；紧要关头article /'ɑːtɪk(ə)l/ n. a piece of writing about a particular subject in a newspaper or magazine〔报刊的〕文章，论文imagine /ɪ'mædʒɪn/ v. to form a picture or idea in your mind about what something could be like 想象flower /'flaʊə/ v. to produce flowers开花bamboo /bæm'buː/ n. a tall tropical plant with hollow stems that is used for making furniture竹wither /'wɪðə/ v. to become drier and smaller and start to die（使）〔植物〕枯萎，干枯strict /strɪkt/ adj. a strict order or rule is one that must be obeyed〔命令、规则〕必须严格遵守的regulation /regjʊ'leɪʃ(ə)n/ n. an official rule or order规则；条例；法令set up建立safeguard /'seɪfgɑːd/ v. to protect something from harm or damage保护，保卫〔某物〕rescue /'reskjuː/ v. to save someone or something from a situation of danger or harm营救，解救，救援Passage InterpretationPart A English-Chinese InterpretationPassage 1Paragraph 1industrial /ɪn'dʌstrɪəl/ adj. relating to industry or the people working in it工业的；产业工人的machinery /mə'ʃiːn(ə)rɪ/ n. machines in general机器; 机械form /fɔːm/ n. a type or kind种类Paragraph 2at one’s worst处于最坏的情况下densely /denslɪ/ adv. 稠密地populate /ˈpɒpjʊˌleɪt/ v. 聚居; 栖息hearing loss失聪stress /stres/ n. continuous feelings of worry about your work or personal life, that prevent you from relaxing压力；忧虑；紧张high blood pressure高血压sleep loss睡眠减少distraction /dɪ'strækʃ(ə)n/ n. something that stops you paying attention to what you are doing使人分心的事物productivity /prɒdʌk'tɪvɪtɪ/ n. the rate at which goods are produced, and the amount produced, especially in relation to the work, time, and money needed to produce them生产效率；生产力Paragraph 3decibel /'desɪbel/ n. a unit for measuring the loudness of sound分贝〔声音强度单位〕intensity /ɪn'tensɪtɪ/n. the quality of being felt very strongly or having a strong effect强烈；剧烈range from A to B：从A到Brock /rɒk/ n. a type of popular modern music with a strong loud beat, played using guitar s and drums摇滚乐concert /'kɒnsət/ n. a performance given by musicians or singers音乐会；演唱会intensity /ɪn'tensɪtɪ/ n. the strength of something such as light or sound〔光、声等的〕强度jet /dʒet/ n. a fast plane with a jet engine喷气式飞机long-lasting: continuing for a long time持久的Paragraph 4solution /sə'luːʃ(ə)n/ n. a way of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult situation〔对问题或困难局面的〕解决，解决方法soundproof /'saʊn(d)pruːf/ v. to make something soundproof使隔音ceiling /'siːlɪŋ/ n. the inner surface of the top part of a room天花板vegetation /vedʒɪ'teɪʃ(ə)n/ n. plants in general植物，草木〔总称〕absorb /əb'zɔːb/ v. to take in liquid, gas, or another substance from the surface or space around something吸收〔液体、气体或其他物质〕maintain /meɪn'teɪn/ v. to make something continue in the same way or at the same standard as before保持,维持separation /sepə'reɪʃ(ə)n/ n. when something separates or is separate分开，分离residential /rezɪ'denʃ(ə)l/ adj. a residential part of a town consists of private houses, with no offices or factories住宅区的zone /zəʊn/ n. a large area that is different from other areas around it in some way〔有别于周围的〕地区，地带，区域excessive /ɪkˈsesɪv/ adj. much more than is reasonable or necessary过度的；过多的Passage 2Paragraph 1brief /briːf/ adj. using very few words or including few details简洁的，简明的make a brief report做简要报告climate change气候变化in the past decade在过去十年Paragraph 2evidence /'evɪd(ə)ns/ n. facts or signs that show clearly that something exists or is true证据，证明Paragraph 3inhabitant /ɪn'hæbɪt(ə)nt/ n. one of the people who live in a particular place居民Pacific /pə'sɪfɪk/ n. 太平洋island /ˈaɪlənd/ n. a piece of land that is completely surrounded by water 岛Pacific Islands太平洋岛国practical /'præktɪk(ə)l/ adj. relating to real situations and events实践的，实际的argue /'ɑːgjuː/ v. to disagree with someone in words, often in an angry way争论，争吵low-lying : not far above the level of the sea〔土地〕高出海面不多的，低洼的suffer /'sʌfə/ v. If you suffer something bad, you are in a situation in which something painful, harmful, or very unpleasant happens to you. 遭受costal /'kəʊstl/ in the sea or on the land near the coast近海的，沿海的，海岸的erosion /ɪ'rəʊʒən/n. the process by which rock or soil is gradually destroyed by wind, rain, or the sea〔风、雨或海水的〕侵蚀，腐蚀crop failure庄稼歉收Paragraph 4ice core冰芯Tibetan /tɪˈbɛtən/ adj. belonging or relating to Tibet, or to its people, language, or culture. 西藏的; 西藏人的; 西藏语言的; 西藏文化的plateau /'plætəʊ/ n. a large area of high and fairly flat land高原Tibetan plateau青藏高原drought /draʊt/ n. a long period of dry weather when there is not enough water for plants and animals to live旱灾，干旱spell /spel/ n. a period of a particular kind of activity, weather, illness etc, usually a short period 〔某种活动、天气、疾病等的〕一段时间〔通常时间较短〕Paragraph 5significant /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/ adj. large enough to be important or affect a situation to a noticeable degree. 重大的; 显著的recent /ˈriːsənt/ adj. happened only a short while ago最近的Passage 3Paragraph 1desertification /dɪˌzɜ:tɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. the process by which useful land, especially farmland, changes into desert〔土地，尤指农田的〕荒漠化，沙漠化alarming /ə'lɑːmɪŋ/ adj. making you feel worried or frightened令人担忧的；令人恐慌的degradation /,degrə'deɪʃ(ə)n/ n. the process by which something changes to a worse condition退化，恶化obscure /əb'skjʊə/ v. to prevent something from being seen or heard clearly遮蔽；使朦胧；使听不清misperception /,mɪspə'sepʃən/ n. an idea or impression that is not correct误解; 错误想法biological /ˌbaɪəˈlɒdʒɪkəl/ adj. relating to the natural processes performed by living things生物的，与生物有关的productivity /prɒdʌk'tɪvɪtɪ/ n. the rate at which goods are produced生产效率；生产力induce /ɪn'djuːs/ v. to induce a state or condition means to cause it引起human-induced factor: 人为因素Paragraph 2drought /draʊt/ n. a long period of time during which no rain falls干旱estimate /'estɪmeɪt/ v. to try to judge the value, size, speed, cost etc of something, withoutcalculating it exactly估计，估算agricultural /æɡrɪ'kʌltʃərəl/ adj. involving or relating to agriculture农业的agriculture /'ægrɪkʌltʃə/ n. the practice or science of farming农业；农学substantial /səb'stænʃ(ə)l/ adj. large in amount or degree大量的; 很大程度的contribute /kən'trɪbjuːt/ v. If you contribute to something, you say or do things to help to make it successful. 贡献; 做出贡献insecurity /ˌɪnsɪ'kjʊərətɪ/ n. 不安全security /sɪ'kjʊərətɪ/ n. things that are done to keep a person, building, or country safe from danger or crime保安措施，安全工作famine /'fæmɪn/ n. a situation in which large numbers of people have little or no food, and many of them die饥荒give rise to: to cause … to happen引发political /pə'lɪtɪk(ə)l/ adj. Political means relating to the way power is achieved and used in a country or society. 政治的tension /'tenʃ(ə)n/ n. the feeling that is produced in a situation when people are anxious and do not trust each other, and when there is a possibility of sudden violence or conflict紧张局面conflict /'kɒnflɪkt/ n. a state of disagreement or argument between people, groups, countries etc 〔意见等的〕抵触，冲突，矛盾urgency /'ɜːdʒ(ə)nsɪ/ n. 紧急的事urgent /'ɜːdʒənt/ adj. very important and needing to be dealt with immediately紧急的；急迫的；需迅速处理的United/jʊ'naɪtɪd/ Nations联合国general assembly 联合国大会proclaim /prə'kleɪm/ v. to formally make it known to the public宣布reminder /rɪ'maɪndə/ n. something that makes you notice, remember, or think about something起提醒作用的东西address /ə'dres/ v. if you address a problem, you start trying to solve it（着手）解决，处理〔问题〕far-reaching: having a great influence or effect影响深远的implication /ɪmplɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n/ n. a possible future effect or result of an action, event, decision etc〔行动、事件、决定等的〕可能的影响[后果]summarize /'sʌməraɪz/ v. to make a short statement giving only the main information and not the details of a plan, event, report etc总结，概括，概述civil /'sɪv(ə)l/ adj. relating to the ordinary people or things in a country that are not part of military, government, or religious organizations普通公民的；平民的；民用的；非军事的；非宗教的society /sə'saɪətɪ/ n. an organization or club with members who share similar interests, aims etc社团，协会civil society民间团体sector /'sektə/ n. a part of an area of activity, especially of business, trade etc〔尤指商业、贸易等领域的〕部门；行业public/private sector (=business controlled by the government or by private companies)公营/私营部门focus attention on sth.集中注意力于……crucial /'kruːʃ(ə)l/ adj. something that is crucial is extremely important, because everything else depends on it至关重要的，关键性的reverse /rɪ'vɜːs/ v. to change something, such as a decision, judgment, or process so that it is the opposite of what it was before推翻，彻底改变〔决定、判决、过程等〕reverse the trend of…扭转……的趋势sustainable /sə'steɪnəb(ə)l/ adj. able to continue without causing damage to the environment可持续的，不破坏环境的Paragraph 3opportunity /ˌɒpəˈtju:nətɪ/ n. a chance to do something or an occasion when it is easy for you to do something机会，时机a golden opportunity(=a very good opportunity) 绝佳的机会provide/present/open up an opportunity 提供/展现/创造一个机会ignore /ɪg'nɔː/ v. to behave as if you had not heard or seen someone or something不顾；忽视；不理peril /'perɪl/ n. great danger, especially of being harmed or killed巨大的危险do sth at your peril: 做某事要自担风险〔用于告诫某人他打算做的事情很危险〕magnificent /mæg'nɪfɪs(ə)nt/ adj. very good or beautiful, and very impressive宏伟的，壮丽的；华丽的，富丽堂皇的ecosystem /'iːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. all the animals and plants in a particular area, and the way in which they are related to each other and to their environment生态系统witness /ˈwɪtnɪs/ n. A witness to an event such as an accident or crime is a person who saw it. 目击者bear witness to sth: 见证某事，为某事证明bygone /ˈbaɪˌɡɒn/ adj. happening or existing a very long time ago. 很久以前的era /'ɪərə/ n. a period of time in history that is known for a particular event, or for particular qualities时代，年代bygone age/era/days : 过去的时期/年代/岁月therefore /'ðeəfɔː/ adv. as a result of something that has just been mentioned因此，由此，所以celebrate /'selɪbreɪt/ v. to show that an event or occasion is important by doing something special or enjoyable庆祝fragile /'frædʒaɪl/ adj. easily broken or damaged脆弱的，易碎的，易损坏的unique /juː'niːk/ adj. unusually good and special极好的；难得的，不同寻常的；特别的heritage /'herɪtɪdʒ/ n. the traditional beliefs, values, customs etc of a family, country, or society〔文化〕遗产；传统cultural heritage文化遗产desert /'dezət/ n. a large area of land where it is always very dry, and there is a lot of sand沙漠，荒漠。