Since then, the country has been gripped by an outpouring of emotion unrivalled since Mandela's release from 27 years of prison in 1990 and his subsequent election victory. Crowds have piled flowers, candles, balloons and messages outside his Johannesburg home. At the cavernous Regina Mundi church in Soweto, South Africa's largest Catholic Church, hundreds of mourners, young and old, gathered to pray for Mandela and the nation's future. "People are praying that there will be change, that we will come together," said Gladys Simelane, an office manager.
☆★ ☆★ ☆★ ☆★ ☆★ ☆★ ☆★ ☆★ ☆★
① WHO —— 事件涉及的人物：11人，4人 (eleven people …and four … ) ② WHY —— 事件发生的条件：台风“珍珠” (Typhoon Chanchu) ③ WHEN —— 事件发生的时间：昨天 (yesterday) ④ WHERE —— 事件发生的地点：广东省和福建省 (Guangdong and Fujian Provinces) ⑤ HOW —— 事件发生的后果：11人遇难，4人失踪 （ eleven people were killed and four missing）
South Africans remember Mandela with praise and prayers
People attend a special Sunday morning service dedicated to Nelson Mandela at St. George's Cathedral in Cape Town December 8, 2013.
ROK decides to expand air defense zone southward
SEOUL - South Korea on Sunday announced a southward expansion of its air defense identification zone (KADIZ), encompassing submerged rocks within the overlapping exclusive economic zones (EEZ) of China and South Korea. "The Republic of Korea (ROK) government decided to change the KADIZ range after considering the specialty of air military operations, the flight information region (FIR) range under the aviation law and international practices," Defense Ministry spokesman Kim Min-seok said at an emergency press briefing.
Delayed
延缓式将新闻渲染得戏剧化（可读性强）
For example 【新华社哥德堡 1995年 8 月 7 日电】爱德华兹大笑，爱德 华兹大叫，爱德华兹兴奋地乱喊乱跳。这位大器晚成的英 国选手，今天，在第五届世界田径锦标赛男子三级跳远决 赛中，以 18 米 29 的辉煌腾越创造了一项属于 21 世纪的纪 录。
பைடு நூலகம்
我们可阅读并分析下面这一则新闻消息的导语（ China Daily, May 19,2006）：
[1] Eleven people were killed and four missing yesterday after Typhoon Chanchu pummelled Guangdong and Fujian Provinces.
Features of English News Leads
① No more than 35 words 报纸新闻的导语一 般要求在35个词之内;杂志的新闻导语可以稍长. ② Clear, crisp, precise 导语的表达一般要清晰 、干脆、精确,多是一个长句或者一个短句群,句子结构 多为主谓句。至少要揭示新闻的几个最基本要素 who,what,when,where( how, why ) ③ Can extend the basic structure by taking on phrases and clauses 根据内容需要,基础句 往往可以延展为带有短语和从句的长句. 如: A widowed millionaire is threatening to quit Britain if the Home Office(内政部) deports a young man aged 19 he regards as his son .(Clause, phrase)
Delayed 典型的硬新闻软写作
Oscar statuettes stolen from Calif. loading dock
The spokesman said the new KADIZ would not restrict flights by international civilian airliners or encroach on territorial air and interests of neighboring countries. He said the South Korean government had provided sufficient explanations about the expansion to neighboring countries through defense and diplomacy channels ahead of the announcement. "I don't think the relations between South Korea and China will deteriorate seriously because of this," Yonghap news agency quoted a South Korean official as saying. But the official, who requested anonymity admitted reactions from the United States, China and Japan varied.
导语的类型
直叙式（direct） 直接叙述事实的大概、关键、精华、结果、主旨. 重点突出,主旨明确,最普通,难度也大。 如:中国总理今天建议把其他中央机构的数目裁减 几乎一半,工作人员裁减三分之一。 延缓式（delayed） 用轶闻、趣事、联想、比喻引出事实或主旨。 如:这是数以万千的印度影片表现的故事;一位骄横 的婆婆大发雷霆,她指责自己的寡媳出卖自己家庭 的利益并将她逐出家门。
2.导语的作用
一般以为导语的主要作用有： 1）用精炼、简洁的文字反映消息的要点或轮廓，使 读者看了导语之后，就可以知道这条消息的大体内 容，进而引出主题以及阐述这个主题的具体内容。 也就是说，导语是把消息的主题引出来，起“引导 ”的作用。 2) 唤起读者的兴趣，把读者吸引住，让读者情不自 禁的把这条消息读完。
Lead
1.导语的概念
导语是指新闻报道的第一段或开头几段，它是新闻 的起始部分，是帮助读者阅读该新闻的关键性段落 ，也是该新闻最重要的部分。导语起着开门见山、 开宗明义的作用，它能提纲挈领，概括全篇。 导语是新闻文体特有的一个概念，也是新闻区别于 其他文体的一个显著特征。 导语，顾名思义，是新闻的“导读之语”，是新闻 报道开头引导人们阅读的文字，简短精要，正如古 人言“立片言以居要，乃一篇之警策”。 好的导语迷人、有诱惑力，能伸出手来抓住读者。
The ministry said the new zone included the nation's two southernmost islands of Marado and Hongdo as well as the Suyan Rock, a submerged reef within the overlapping EEZ of China and South Korea. The ministry said its eastern and western boundaries remained the same as before, adding the new zone would take effect from December 15. It marked the first change in more than six decades to the KADIZ, which was drawn in 1951 by the US Air Force during the 195053 Korean War.
(Reuters) - With hymns and eulogies, South Africans of all colors and creeds remembered Nelson Mandela in a day of prayers on Sunday, holding him up as a symbol of freedom, forgiveness and hope for the nation and the world. At churches, mosques, synagogues and community halls from the Limpopo River to the Cape, millions offered praise and reflected on a man celebrated as "Father of the Nation" and as a global beacon of integrity, rectitude and reconciliation. Mandela, South Africa's first black president who steered his nation out of apartheid and into multi-racial democracy, died on Thursday at the age of 95 after months of illness.