doing表主动或正在进行, done表被动或完成。
*The missing boy was last seen playing near the river.
2. 热点动词let, make, have, get, leave, keep, find后接非 谓语动词形式作补足语。 *(2015· 浙江高考 )I decided to try at all costs to rid
考点3
非谓语动词作补足语
★★★
1. “ 五看二听一感觉”的感官动词和短语 (see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, feel等)后面的宾
语 补 足 语 常 见 的 有 三 种 非 谓 语 动 词 形 式
(do/doing/done) 。 do 表主动和完成 ( 被动句中 to 还原 ),
written 3. (2015· 全国卷Ⅰ)It carries articles _______(write) by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries. 4. (2015· 重庆高考)I learned through another woman’s eyes that my daughter was still a good person despite troubled her ________(trouble)teenage years.
(2)v. -ed形式: a. 过去分词作状语, 用来表时间、条件、
让步、原因、伴随等。过去分词所表示的动作与句子 主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系, 且含有完成之意。
b. 源于系表结构的部分过去分词作状语, 表示句子主语
所处的一种状态。不表示被动关系, 其前不用being, 常
见的有: seated(坐着的)、hidden(躲着)、devoted(专注
(2015· 全国卷Ⅰ)A study of travelers _________
(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo
as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.
解题关键: 句意: 网站TripAdvisor进行的一项对于旅行 者的调查把阳朔列为世界十佳旅游目的地之一。根据 句意和句子结构可知, study与conduct构成逻辑上的被
动关系 , 故此处应该使用过去分词作定语 , 修饰名词
study。
答案判定: conducted
【高考题组】用所给词的适当形式填空
1. (2015· 全国卷Ⅰ)It arranges quick getaways here for living people _____(live)in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 2. (2015· 全国卷Ⅱ)The adobe dwellings(土坯房) built _____(build)by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired.
*The problem to be discussed at the next meeting is of
great importance.
【点津】①准确判定非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是
主动关系还是被动关系; ②准确判定非谓语动词表示的
动作发生的时间, 即是正在进行或已经完成还是将要发
生。
【典例剖析】用所给词的适当形式填空
physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.
考点2
非谓语动词作定语
定语形式
★★★★
功 能 表示动作是主动进行的行为 现在分词一般式doing 或者正在进行当中 现在分词一般式的被动结 表示动作是被动行为且正在 构being done 进行当中 表示动作是被动完成的行为 过去分词done 或者单纯表示已经完成 动词不定式to do 表示将要发生的动作 动词不定式一般式的被动 表示将要被做的动作 结构to be done
*I was satisfied to hear the news. (原因状语)
*To catch the first bus, he got up very early. (目的状语) *I rushed to school only to find nobody was there. (结 果状语)
them of their fear and dislike of books, and to get them
to read oftener.
3. 固定短语, 如advise/allow/encourage/request/warn sb. to do sth. 等。 *The patient was warned not to eat oily food.
from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself
bothered as a world-class fault-finder, almost always ________
(bother)by things.
To free 4. (2014· 湖南高考)_______(free)ourselves from the
而产生的结果; ③准确理解形容词化的过去分词作状语
的用法; ④现在分词的完成式having done表示分词的
动作和句子主语之间是主动关系, 同时分词动作先于句
子谓语动词发生。
3. 有些分词或不定式短语作状语, 构成独立结构, 其形
式的选择不受上下文的影响。常见的有:
generally speaking一般来说; frankly speaking坦白地 说; judging from/by. . . 根据„„来判断; considering. . . /taking. . . into consideration考虑到„„; to tell you the truth说实话; compared to/with与„„相比较; to begin with首先; seeing. . . 鉴于/由于„„; supposing假设, 如 果; assuming假使; given考虑到, 鉴于; provided (that. . . )如果; concerning关于
*That can be a lot more efficient than pages explaining the data. *The problem discussed at last meeting was of great
importance.
*The matter being discussed now is of great importance.
just get some more of these biscuits. (改错) just后添加to ___________
eating 2. (2015· 四川高考)A few months later, while ______ (eat), she would even turn her back to me. 3. (2015· 福建高考)Several years ago I received a letter
③名词/代词+副词;
④名词/代词+不定式;
⑤名词/代词+介词短语。
*The test finished(=When the test was finished), we began our holiday.
*The president assassinated(=After the president was
(cool)the house during the hot day.
解题关键: 固定搭配enough to do sth. 表示“足以做某
事”, to do作结果状语。 答案判定: to cool
【高考题组】用所给词的适当形式完成句子/单句改错
1. (2015· 陕西高考)I might have to retire again next year
解题关键: 根据关键信息词all those times可知强调“一
直坐在湖边”, 故用固定结构see sb. doing sth. 意为
“看到某人一直做某事”, 符合语境。
答案判定: sitting

【高考题组】单句改错 1. (2015· 浙江高考)The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming. felt改为feel __________
2. 非谓语动词
考点1
非谓语动词作状语
★★★★★
1. 不定式作状语 (1)原因状语多用在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容 词后。 (2)目的状语可与so as to/in order to替换, 但so as to一 般不可置于句首。 (3)结果状语常表示意想不到的结果, 常用only to do。
4. with复合结构常用形式:
*John received an invitation to dinner, and with his
work finished, he gladly accepted it.
*With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly
*Absorbed in reading, we all didn’t hear the sound.