中华人民共和国海事局 2007年第2期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第43期) 科目：轮机英语 试卷代号：805 适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮 （本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）

答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题, 每题10分。

一、单项选择题 1. ______ the engines, the diesel engine is ______ used engine on board. A. Between/more commonly B. Among/the most commonly C. Between/not more commonly D. Among/ not the most commonly 2. The average pressure exerted on a piston during each power stroke is termed ______. A. indicated horsepower B. mean effective pressure C. exhaust back pressure D. compression pressure 3. The cetane number rates fuels for diesel engines according to its ______. A. antiknock characteristics B. ignition qualities C. rates of vaporization D. viscosity 4. The time between injection and ignition of the fuel is known as ______. A. turbulence lag B. after burning ratio C. pre-ignition lag D. ignition delay 5. ______ controls the fuel oil temperature in order to provide oil at the correct viscosity for combustion. A. The viscosity regulator B. The temperature controller C. The flow meter D. The pressure switch 6. Constant cooling the various components of diesel engine has a number of functions except for ______. A. good lubrication B. low thermal stress C. good mechanical properties D. acid corrosion 7. A device which functions to bring a diesel engine to a full stop to protect it from damage is known as a/an ______. A. torque limiter B. over-speed trip C. over-speed governor D. load limit governor 8. Engine speeds at which resonance can occur are termed ______. A. maximum speeds B. full speeds C. sea speeds D. critical speeds 9. Prolonged operation of a diesel engine with a closed cooling water system at lower than normal designed operating temperatures can ______. A. increase power output B. decrease lube oil viscosity C. eliminate fuel knock D. cause sulfuric acid formation 10. ______ on a ship transmits power from the engine to the propeller. A. The automatic control system B. The speed regularly system C. The transmission system D. The compression air system 11. In a _____ boiler the hot gases from the furnace pass through the tubes while the water is on the outside. A. water-tube B. fire-tube C. exhaust gas D. composite 12. The fuel supply system to an automatic auxiliary boiler, will be automatically shutdown if the boiler ______. A.salinity is abnormally B.high steam demand is too high C.feed-water flow is low D.water level is abnormally low 13. The water in a steaming auxiliary boiler should be tested daily for ______. A. dissolved oxygen B. chlorides C. sludge D. dissolved nitrogen 14. Ignition failure in an automatically controlled auxiliary boiler could be caused by ______. A. carbon deposits on the flame scanner B. high fuel oil temperature C. low fuel oil viscosity D. high steam pressure 15. The concentration of total dissolved solids in the water of an auxiliary boiler can increase as a result of ______. A. seawater contamination B. frequent surface blows C. dissolved oxygen de-aeration D. frequent bottom blows 16. Some pumps use packing as sealing gland. The gland should be ______. A. slack enough to allow slight leakage of fluid B. slightly chocked C. brought up tight so as not to allow any leakage D. fitted with a relief valve 17. A spur gear pump should be operated with the discharge valves ______. A. slightly opened B. throttled C. fully opened D. halfway opened 18. Compared to globe and angle valves, gate valves ______. A. are more suitable for throttling B. operate with little or no pressure drop when fully opened C. are more easily repaired D. cannot be used for service requiring infrequent operation 19. An increase in rotor clearances in a rotary pump will ______. A. increase discharge pressure B. decrease pump capacity C. decrease pump cavitation D. decrease reaction ring clearance 20. The usual symptoms of cavitation in a centrifugal pump is ______. A. noise and vibration B. an increase in discharge pressure C. an increase in suction pressure D. lifting of the relief valve 21. Refrigerant entering the compressor of a refrigeration system should be in which of the following conditions? A. Sub-cooled liquid B. Sub-cooled vapor C. Superheated vapor D. Liquid 22. ______is the circulation and refreshing of the air in a space without necessarily a change of temperature. A. Refrigeration B. Air conditioning C. Ventilation D. Heating 23. In an air conditioning system, moisture is removed from the air by ______. A. filters B. separators C. ducted traps D. dehumidifiers 24. Sludge may be formed in the oil in the crankcase of a reciprocating air conditioning compressor as a result of ______. A. refrigerant bubbles in the lube oil B. refrigerant reducing the lube oil viscosity C. oxidation of the lube oil from overheating D. reducing the floc or cloud point of the oil 25. A high rate of separation between oil and water is favored by ______. A. large size of oil globule B. low temperature C. high viscosity D. high flow rate 26. When started, a complete oily water separating unit is first filled ______. The oily water mixture is then pumped through the inlet pipe into the coarse separating compartment. A. with dirty water B. with clean water C. by oily water D. by mixed water 27. Which is the pollution prevention equipment? A. booster pump B. evaporator C. incinerator D. cooler 28. The ____is used to burn oil sludge. A. clarifier B. oily water separator C. incinerator D. distiller 29. Oil water separators are used to ensure that ships don't discharge oil when pumping out _____. A. ballast water B. boiler water C. bilge water D. sewage water 30. When a clarifier is running the impurities and water collect at the bowl ______. A. center B. periphery C. inlet D. upper parts 31. The separation of impurities and water from ______ is essential for good combustion of diesel engines. A. lube oil B. fuel oil C. turbine oil D. grease 32. Brine density in a distilling plant is measured with a/an ______. A. psychrometer B. salinometer C. anemometer D. sphygmomanometer 33. The designed ______ is 20 tons per day, but the fresh water generator can only distil 15 tons at present. A. displacement B. weight C. power D. capacity 34. ______ play a very important part in hydraulic systems by preventing interaction between different parts of the hydraulic circuit.