中华人民共和国海事局2007年第2期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第43期)科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。

第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题, 每题10分。

一、单项选择题1.______ the engines, the diesel engine is ______ used engine on board.A. Between/more commonlyB. Among/the most commonlyC. Between/not more commonlyD. Among/ not the most commonly2.The average pressure exerted on a piston during each power stroke is termed______.A. indicated horsepowerB. mean effective pressureC. exhaust back pressureD. compression pressure3.The cetane number rates fuels for diesel engines according to its ______.A. antiknock characteristicsB. ignition qualitiesC. rates of vaporizationD. viscosity4.The time between injection and ignition of the fuel is known as ______.A. turbulence lagB. after burning ratioC. pre-ignition lagD. ignition delay5.______ controls the fuel oil temperature in order to provide oil at the correctviscosity for combustion.A. The viscosity regulatorB. The temperature controllerC. The flow meterD. The pressure switch6.Constant cooling the various components of diesel engine has a number offunctions except for ______.A. good lubricationB. low thermal stressC. good mechanical propertiesD. acid corrosion7. A device which functions to bring a diesel engine to a full stop to protect it fromdamage is known as a/an ______.A. torque limiterB. over-speed tripC. over-speed governorD. load limit governor8.Engine speeds at which resonance can occur are termed ______.A. maximum speedsB. full speedsC. sea speedsD. critical speeds9.Prolonged operation of a diesel engine with a closed cooling water system atlower than normal designed operating temperatures can ______.A. increase power outputB. decrease lube oil viscosityC. eliminate fuel knockD. cause sulfuric acid formation10.______ on a ship transmits power from the engine to the propeller.A. The automatic control systemB. The speed regularly systemC. The transmission systemD. The compression air system11.In a _____ boiler the hot gases from the furnace pass through the tubes while thewater is on the outside.A. water-tubeB. fire-tubeC. exhaust gasD. composite12.The fuel supply system to an automatic auxiliary boiler, will be automaticallyshutdown if the boiler ______.A.salinity is abnormallyB.high steam demand is too highC.feed-water flow is lowD.water level is abnormally low13.The water in a steaming auxiliary boiler should be tested daily for ______.A. dissolved oxygenB. chloridesC. sludgeD. dissolved nitrogen14.Ignition failure in an automatically controlled auxiliary boiler could be caused by______.A. carbon deposits on the flame scannerB. high fuel oil temperatureC. low fuel oil viscosityD. high steam pressure15.The concentration of total dissolved solids in the water of an auxiliary boiler canincrease as a result of ______.A. seawater contaminationB. frequent surface blowsC. dissolved oxygen de-aerationD. frequent bottom blows16.Some pumps use packing as sealing gland. The gland should be ______.A. slack enough to allow slight leakage of fluidB. slightly chockedC. brought up tight so as not to allow any leakageD. fitted with a relief valve17. A spur gear pump should be operated with the discharge valves ______.A. slightly openedB. throttledC. fully openedD. halfway openedpared to globe and angle valves, gate valves ______.A. are more suitable for throttlingB. operate with little or no pressure drop when fully openedC. are more easily repairedD. cannot be used for service requiring infrequent operation19.An increase in rotor clearances in a rotary pump will ______.A. increase discharge pressureB. decrease pump capacityC. decrease pump cavitationD. decrease reaction ring clearance120.The usual symptoms of cavitation in a centrifugal pump is ______.A. noise and vibrationB. an increase in discharge pressureC. an increase in suction pressureD. lifting of the relief valve21.Refrigerant entering the compressor of a refrigeration system should be in whichof the following conditions?A. Sub-cooled liquidB. Sub-cooled vaporC. Superheated vaporD. Liquid22.______is the circulation and refreshing of the air in a space without necessarily achange of temperature.A. RefrigerationB. Air conditioningC. VentilationD. Heating23.In an air conditioning system, moisture is removed from the air by ______.A. filterB. separatorsC. ducted trapsD. dehumidifiers24.Sludge may be formed in the oil in the crankcase of a reciprocating airconditioning compressor as a result of ______.A. refrigerant bubbles in the lube oilB. refrigerant reducing the lube oil viscosityC. oxidation of the lube oil from overheatingD. reducing the floc or cloud point of the oil25. A high rate of separation between oil and water is favored by ______.A. large size of oil globuleB. low temperatureC. high viscosityD. high flow rate26.When started, a complete oily water separating unit is first filled ______. Theoily water mixture is then pumped through the inlet pipe into the coarseseparating compartment.A. with dirty waterB. with clean waterC. by oily waterD. by mixed water27.Which is the pollution prevention equipment?A. booster pumpB. evaporatorC. incineratorD. cooler28.The ____is used to burn oil sludge.A. clarifierB. oily water separatorC. incineratorD. distiller29.Oil water separators are used to ensure that ships don't discharge oil whenpumping out _____.A. ballast waterB. boiler waterC. bilge waterD. sewage water30.When a clarifier is running the impurities and water collect at the bowl ______.A. centerB. peripheryC. inletD. upper parts31.The separation of impurities and water from ______ is essential for goodcombustion of diesel engines.A. lube oilB. fuel oilC. turbine oilD. grease32.Brine density in a distilling plant is measured with a/an ______.A. psychrometerB. salinometerC. anemometerD. sphygmomanometer33.The designed ______ is 20 tons per day, but the fresh water generator can onlydistil 15 tons at present.A. displacementB. weightC. powerD. capacity34.______ play a very important part in hydraulic systems by preventing interactionbetween different parts of the hydraulic circuit.A. MotorsB. Check valvesC. Safety valvesD. Reducing valves35.In a radial piston pump, reversal and control of fluid flow are accomplished bymoving the ______.A. central valveB. radial plungerC. floating ringD. cylinder body36.In a ordinary cargo crane, ______is fitted to rotate the crane.A. the slewing motorB. the luffing motorC. the hoisting motorD. the fan motor37.Which problems can occur if the brake band lining of a wildcat brake becomesexcessively worn?A. The driving engine will over-speed.B. The anchor will immediately drop.C. The clutch will overheat.D. The brake's effectiveness will be reduced.38.______ are used for hauling in or letting out the wires which fasten the ship tothe shore.A. Cargo winchesB. Mooring winchesC. WindlassesD. Cargo hatches39.Which of the following can be used in hydraulic transmission system?A. Hydraulic oilB. Animal oilC. Light oilD. Fuel oil40.One factor that determines the frequency of an alternator is the ______.A. number of turns of wire in the armature coilB. number of magnetic polesC. strength of the magnets usedD. output voltage41. A DC generator is used to supply direct current in order to maintain an ACgenerator field and is known as a/an ______.A. rotorB. statorC. exciterD. armature42.When paralleling two AC generators, the frequency of the machine coming on-line, immediately prior to closing its breaker, should be ______.A. slightly less than the oncoming generator frequencyB. the same as the bus frequencyC. slightly greater than the bus frequencyD. the same as the bus voltage43.When securing an AC generator, you should FIRST ______.A. open the generator circuit breakerB. switch the voltage regulator to 'manual'C. decrease the field excitation to minimumD. reduce the load on the unit44. A generator is prevented from becoming motorized by the use of a/an ______.A. over-speed tripB. reverse power relayC. back pressure tripD. governor controls245.The part of the shipboard electrical system used to control the distribution ofpower to the branch circuits is the ______.A. bridge control panelB. disconnect linksC. governor relay boxD. main switchboard46.Which of the listed sections of an emergency switchboard is used to supplypower for alarm signals under emergency conditions?A. The generator and bus transfer sectionB. The 450 volt, 60 cycle, 3 phase busC. The 120 volt, 3 phase, 60 cycle busD. The 24 volt DC bus47.The separate supplies are connected in either star or delta formation. The starformation is most commonly used and requires ______ slip-rings on thealternator.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five48. A fuse that blows often should be replaced only with a fuse of ______.A. the recommended current and voltage ratingB. higher current and voltage ratingC. higher current and lower voltage ratingD. lower current and higher voltage rating49.The overcurrent relay______ the motor contactor when the motor exceeds itsrated current .A. connectsB. tripsC. foulsD. destructs50.Electric circuits are protected against overloads and short circuits by means ofa/an ______.A. circuit breakerB. amplifierC. diodeD. capacitor51.Prior to starting an AC generator prime mover, the voltage regulator cutoutswitch should be placed in the _________.A. manual positionB. bus neutral positionC. raise voltage positionD. transfer position52.Before M/E putting on the starting air, the reversing and control gear should be_____.A. operatedB. stoppedC. checkedD. removed53.______ is a precaution which contributes to avoiding trouble under normaloperating conditions.A. Constant inspectionB. Keeping constant loadC. Remaining constant temperatureD. Varying speed54.After “F.W.E.” is given, the air system is shut down, the _____ gear put in, alldrains and indicator cocks opened, and the cooling water kept running.A. steeringB. timingC. turningD. running55.Which of the following must be eliminated to prevent accidents?A. Unsafe actionsB. OrderlinessC. Frequent inspectionsD. Good work habit/practices56. A class …C‟fire would most likely occur in the ______.A. engine room bilgesB. main switchboardC. paint lockerD. rag bin57.The most likely place for a fire to start through the process of spontaneouscombustion is in _____.A. an electrical switchboardB. the pressure tanksC. the fuel oil tanksD. the oily rag bin58.While on watch in the engine room, you hear a continuous sounding of thegeneral alarm. Which of the following actions should you take FIRST?A. Secure the burners then proceed to your assigned boat station.B. Start the fire pump and establish flow to the fire main.C. Open the guardian valve and standby to maneuver.D. Open the master control valves on the fixed CO2 system.59. A fireman's outfit carried onboard cargo vessels, must have a ______.A. canister-type gas maskB. fresh-air breathing apparatusC. self-contained breathing apparatusD. combustible gas indicator60.The safe rate of bunkering heavy fuel oil is directly related to the ______.A. type of fuel transfer pump aboardB. temperature of the fuel oil being receivedC. size of the fuel storage tanks ashoreD. distance from the fuel oil storage tanks ashore61.To anneal a copper gasket, you should heat the gasket ______.A. and quench it in oilB. cherry red and quench in waterC. and let it cool slowly in the airD. and carbonize it62.Preventive maintenance _____.A. should not be carried out during the watches.B. can only be carried out in port.C. is a kind of maintenances carried out prior to the occurrenceD. is a kind of maintenances carried out after the occurrence63.The additional mark _____ in the Classification Certificate for Machineryrepresents that personnel are watching at engine assembly control station andmonitoring all machinery and electronic devices.A. BRCB. MCCC. AUT-0D. AUT-164.Which of the following machinery space operations is required to be logged inthe Oil Record Book?A. Ballasting or cleaning of fuel oil tanks.B. Shifting suction of main fuel pump to reserve fuel oil tank.3C. Changing out sprayer plates to adjust for steam demand.D. Daily inspection of engine room bilges.65.The Port Authorities, in accordance with the IMO resolutions have been carryingout _____ to enhance safety of ships.A. CPPB. FPPC. PSCD. FSC66.The fire drill must, as far as practicable, be conducted as if _____.A. there is a minor emergencyB. there is an actual emergencyC. there were a minor emergencyD. there were an actual emergency67.Duties shall be so organized by the chief engineer that the first watch at thecommencement of a voyage and the subsequent relieving watches are _____and otherwise fit for duty.A. well trainedB. in good luckC. in good healthD. sufficiently rested68._____ should not undertake any task which will interfere with the supervisionduties relating to the main machinery and associated equipment.A. The watch keeping personnelB. The chief engineerC. The person on a bunker bargeD. The duty deck officer69.At an unsheltered anchorage the chief engineer officer shall consult with _____whether or not to maintain an underway watch.A. the engineer officer in charge of watchB. the deck officer in charge of watchC. the masterD. the chief mate70.The term 'oil', as used in the Pollution Prevention Regulations , means ______.A. fuel oil onlyB. crude oil onlyC. liquefied petroleum gasD. petroleum oil of any kind71.In the event of a small bunker oil spill on deck occurring while bunkering, youshould ______.A. wash down the area immediately with a fire hoseB. wash down the area with keroseneC. cover the area with absorbent materialD. cover the area with foam72.The SOLAS Convention in its successive forms is generally regarded as the mostimportant of all international treaties concerning the ______ of merchant ships.A. pollutionB. economizationC. safetyD. efficiency73.The SMS should provide for specific measures aimed at promoting the_____ ofequipment or systems the sudden operational failure of which may result inhazardous situations.A. visibilityB. abilityC. reliabilityD. capability74.Each ship shall carry on board a ship security plan approved by_____.A. the chief engineer officerB. the master of the shipC. the manager of the companyD. the Administration二、关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）The cooling water in the HT(high temperature) circuit cools the cylinder liners,cylinder heads and turbocharger. From the pump water is supplied to the enginemanifold which is cast in the engine block. From the manifold the water is distributed to all cylinder liner sections and from each liner upwards through the cooling water channels in the liner collars. From the liner collars further into the cylinder heads. In the cylinder head the water is forced by an intermediate deck to flow along the flame plate, around the valves to the exhaust valve seats and up along the fuel injector sleeve.From the cylinder head the water is discharged via a connection piece into thedischarge manifold.The return water from the cylinder heads and turbocharger is supplied to the HT air cooler.In the first stage of this cooler, most of the heat from the charge air is extracted. The LT circuit water cools the charge air in the second stage. The necessary cooling for the LT water is gained from a central cooler. By controlling the LT water temperature to the inter-cooler the correct charge air temperature can be obtained.For preheating purposes, a heater circuit with a pump and heater are connected in the HT circuit before the engine. Before starting, the HT circuit is heated till about 60℃by a separate heater The pre-heating of the engine is, prior of starting up and loading on HFO, of utmost importance.75. From the passage we know that the charge air temperature was controlled by ____.A. sea water from a central coolerB. fresh water from a central coolerC. fresh water from a HT circuitD. fresh water from the LT circuit76. The cooling water to cool the engine was forced ______ .A. into the cylinder block and then upwards into the cylinder headB. into the cylinder intermediate section and then upwards into the cylinder headC. into the cylinder head and then downwards into the cylinder blockD. into the cylinder ends and then further into the cylinder intermediate77. After the charge air is discharged into the HT air cooler, _______.A. the charge air temperature will become higherB. the charge air temperature will become lowerC. the HT water temperature will remain constantD. the HT water temperature will become lower78. Which of the following devices may be used to warm the engine prior to starting?4A. A high temperature cooling water system.B. A low temperature cooling water system.C. A central cooler.D. The second stage cooler.三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）79．(轮机日志)检查所有燃油、滑油及冷却水工作液位，所有燃油柜放残。