复习题(一)一、定义域(1)函数的定义域()2lg 31−+−=x xy (2)函数的定义域1412++−=x x y (3)函数的定义域为[0,1],则定义域为()x f ()⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛−+⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛+=4141x f x f x g 二、求极限(1)⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛+→x x x x x 1sin 2sin 3lim 00312lim sin sin 22x x x x x →⎛⎞⎜⎟=+⎜⎟⎜⎟⎝⎠00312lim lim sin sin 22x x x x xx →→=+003lim2sin 2lim 2x x x x →→=32=()lim 0m m n n x a x a a x a →−≠−11lim m n x a mx nx −−→=lim m n x a m x n −→=m nm a n−=xx x ⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛+∞→21lim 222lim 1xx x →∞⎡⎤⎛⎞⎢⎥=+⎜⎟⎢⎥⎝⎠⎣⎦222lim 1xx x →∞⎡⎤⎛⎞⎢⎥=+⎜⎟⎢⎥⎝⎠⎣⎦2e =x x x ln lim ∞→1lim 0x x→∞==4586lim 224+−+−→x x x x x 42lim 1x x x →−=−23=⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛−→x x x x x tan 2sin lim 000sin 2n 1lim 2lim 2cos x x x si x x x x →→=⋅−⋅000sin 2n 12lim lim lim2cos x x x x si x x x x→→→=⋅−⋅1==211lim 2−++→x xx )0lim 1x +→=+1sin lim0−→x x e x 0s lim 1xx co xe →==;e x x e x −−→1ln lim11lim x e x e→==;()11lim 22−−+∞→x xx 0x ==;x x x 1sinlim ∞→1sinlim 11x x x→∞==xx x 211lim ⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛−∞→221lim 1x x e x −−−→∞⎡⎤⎛⎞=−=⎢⎥⎜⎟⎝⎠⎢⎥⎣⎦x x x 3cos 5cos lim 2π→25sin 5lim 3sin 3x x x π→=53=−022sin lim ln0sin lim x x xx xx x e x +→+→⎛⎞=⎜⎟⎝⎠20cos sin lim 2sin x x x x x x x e +→−⋅=0sin 2lim21x x x xe+→−==()11111ln lim lim ln 1ln 1x x x x x x x x →→−−⎛⎞−=⎜⎟−⋅−⎝⎠111lim1ln x xx x x→−=−+11lim1ln x x x x x→−=−+11lim2ln x x →=+12=⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛−−→111lim 0x x e x ()01lim 1x x x e x x e →−−=−01lim 1x xx x e e xe →−=−+0lim 2xxxx e e xe →=+01lim2x x →=+12=1131232lim lim 12112x x x x x x x x ++→∞→∞⎛⎞+⎜⎟+⎛⎞=⎜⎟⎜⎟+⎝⎠⎜⎟+⎝⎠11312lim 112x x x x x ++→∞⎛⎞+⎜⎟⎝⎠=⎛⎞+⎜⎟⎝⎠2323122331122lim111122xx xx x x x →∞⎡⎤⎛⎞⎛⎞⎢⎥++⎜⎟⎜⎟⎢⎥⎝⎠⎝⎠⎢⎥⎣⎦=⎡⎤⎛⎞⎛⎞++⎢⎥⎜⎟⎜⎟⎝⎠⎝⎠⎢⎥⎣⎦e=解法2:原式12lim 121x x x +→∞⎛⎞=+⎜⎟+⎝⎠211222lim 121x x x ++→∞⎛⎞=+⎜⎟+⎝⎠2112222lim 112121x x x x +→∞⎛⎞⎛⎞=++⎜⎟⎜⎟++⎝⎠⎝⎠e=解法1:x xx x 30sin 1sin 1lim−−−→0x →=301sin lim2sin x x x x →−=2011cos lim23sin cos x x x x→−=220112lim 23x xx →=112=解法2:x x x x 30sin 1sin 1lim −−−→3011sin 22lim x x xx→−+=301sin lim 2x x x x →−+=201cos 1lim23x x x →−+=220112lim 23x xx →=112=()221arctan 12lim lim111sin cos x x xx x x xπ→+∞→+∞−−+=−洛比达法则22lim1x x x →+∞=+1=不存在xxx 1sin arctan 2lim −∞→π()xx x tan 2sin lim π→,tan sin x y x =解:令tan ln sin y x x=⋅则ln 22lim lim tan lnsin x x y x x ππ→→=⋅ln 2ln sin lim 1tan x xx π→=222cos sin lim sec tan x x xx x π→=−22cos lim sin sin x xx xπ→=−⋅21lim sin 22x x π→==,02lim ln x y e π→=ln 2lim 1x y π→=解:sin sin ln 00lim lim xx xx x xe++→→=0lim sin ln x x xe+→=00ln lim sin ln lim 1sin x x x x x x ++→→=021lim cos sin x xx x+→=−⋅20sin lim cos x xx x+→=−⋅0lim sin x x+→=−0=sin 0lim 1xx x +→∴=x x x 3tan 6sin lim 6⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛−→ππ,6t x π=−解:令06lim sin tan 3lim sin cot 36t x x x t t ππ→→⎛⎞−=⎜⎟⎝⎠则0cos 3lim sin sin 3t tt t→=⋅sin limsin 3t t t→=13=xx x x 5sin sin 3sin lim0−→00sin 3sin 2sin 2cos lim limsin 5sin 5x x x x x x x x→→−=解:02sin 2limsin 5x x x →=45=;⎟⎟⎟⎟⎠⎞⎜⎜⎜⎜⎝⎛+→2sin 12cos lim 220x x x x 2222200212lim cos lim cos sin sin 22x x x x x x x x x →→⎛⎞⎛⎞⎜⎟⎜⎟+=+⎜⎟⎜⎟⎜⎟⎜⎟⎜⎟⎜⎟⎝⎠⎝⎠解:222002lim cos lim sin2x x x x x x →→=+2220022lim cos lim 2sin2x x x x x x →→=+⋅0=3sin 1tan 1limx xx x +−+→30011tan sin 22lim lim x x x xx→→−=解:301tan sin lim 2x x x x →−=()30sin 1cos 1lim 2cos x x x x x→−=2011cos lim2x x x →−=01sin lim 22x x x →=14=;()x x xx 2cos cos 11lim20−→(21lim1cos x x →−解:;()1ln 1lim −→+x e x x ()()1ln ln 1ln 100lim lim xx xe e x x xe ++−−→→=解:()0ln limln1x x xe e +→−=01limx xx e xe e +→−=0lim x x xx e e xe e +→+=01lim1x xe+→+=e=(2),则()32lim =⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛−+∞→xx k x k x =k (a )(b )(c )(d )2e 21e 23ln 31221lim 321kxk k x x k k x k x −→∞−⎡⎤⎛⎞⎢⎥+⎜⎟⎢⎥⎝⎠⎣⎦=⎡⎤⎛⎞⎢⎥−⎜⎟⎢⎥⎝⎠⎣⎦分析:32133ln 33k k ke e k e −⇒=⇒=⇒=(12)数列的极限是()nnn x n cos +=(a )1(b )-1(c )0(d )不存在cos 1lim limlim 1cos 1n n n n n n x n n n →∞→∞→∞+⎛⎞==+=⎜⎟⎝⎠分析:(16)()()()()=+++∞→3321lim nn n n n (a )0(b )1(c )3(d )6()()()3123123limlim 1111n n n n n n n n n →∞→∞+++⎛⎞⎛⎞⎛⎞=+++=⎜⎟⎜⎟⎜⎟⎝⎠⎝⎠⎝⎠分析:(18)()=→xxx 3sin 5sin limπ(a )(b )-1(c )1(d )34−35sin 55cos55lim lim sin 33cos33x x x x x x ππ→→==分析:(22)()=+−++∞→xx xx x sin 31lim 2(a )-1(b )-2(c )1(d )2limlim 21x x x→+∞→+∞==−+分析:(23)若,则()()51sin lim 21=−++→x bax x x (a )(b )3,5==b a 6,7=−=b a (c )(d )4,3−==b a 1,0−==b a ()()2211lim 5lim 01sin 1x x x ax b x ax b b a x →→++=++==−−−分析:由,可知,即()()()1111lim5sin 1x x x a b a x →−++=−−=−将代入()1lim 153x x a a →++==得,即(26)()=⎟⎟⎠⎞⎜⎜⎝⎛−+++∞→112cos 1lim 22x x x x x x (a )0(b )1(c )2(d )32222121121lim cos lim cos lim 11x x x x x x x x x x x x x →∞→∞→∞⎛⎞+++++=+⎜⎟−−⎝⎠分析:221121lim cos lim 11x x x x x x x→∞→∞++=+−2=(28)如果,则()322sin 3lim 0=→x mx x =m (a )1(b )2(c )4/9(d )9/4003sin 23sin 2324limlim 2323239x x m mx m mx m m mx mx →→=⇒=⇒=⇒=分析:(29)()=⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛+++∞→22221lim n n nnn ⋯(a )0(b )(c )1/2(d )1∞()2222111212lim lim 2n n n n n n n n n →∞→∞+⎛⎞+++==⎜⎟⎝⎠⋯分析:(30)若,则()2134lim 2=⎟⎟⎠⎞⎜⎜⎝⎛++−+∞→b ax x x x (a )(b )6,2==b a 2,4−=−=b a (c )(d )1,3==b a 2,0−==b a 243lim 24041x x ax b a a x →∞⎛⎞+++=+=⇒=−⎜⎟−⎝⎠分析:由,可知()43lim24221x b x b b b x →∞+−+=⇒+=⇒=−−(31)的值为()xx x x sin 1sinlim20→(a )1(b )(c )不存在(d )0∞20011sinsin0limlim 0sin sin 1x x x x x x x x x→→===分析:(32)()=∞→222sin lim x mxx (a )0(b )(c )(d )∞2m22m 2222sin 1lim lim sin 022x x mx mx xx →∞→∞==分析:三、函数连续(5)已知函数在连续,则()()()⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=≠−=0,0,211x b x x x f x 0=x =b ()()lim 0x f x f →=分析:函数在一点连续的充分必要条件是而()()1200lim lim 12xx x f x x e −→→=−=()0f b=2b e −∴=(6)已知函数在连续,则()()()⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=≠+=0,0,21ln x b x x x x g 0=x =b 解:()()()()11ln 12lim limlim ln 12ln lim 122xxx x x x x f x x x x→→→→+==+=+=()0f b=2b ∴=(11)已知函数在内连续,则()()⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=≠=00,2sin x a x xxx f ()+∞∞−,=a解:,()()sin 2,00x x f x x a x ⎧≠⎪=−∞+∞⎨⎪=⎩要使在,内连续sin 2x x x ≠∵当0时,是连续函数()sin 2,00xx f x x x a x ⎧≠⎪∴=⎨⎪=⎩只要使在=0处连续()()lim 0x f x f →=即只要使0sin 2lim 222x xa a x→=⇒=(20)已知函数在连续,则()()⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=+≠−−=11,113x a x x x x x f 1=x =a (a )2(b )-2(c )1(d )-1()31,111x x f x x x a x ⎧−≠⎪=−⎨⎪+=⎩分析:要使有意义()()1lim 1x f x f →=须使311lim 13121x x a a a x →−=+⇒=+⇒=−即(34)若在连续,则()()⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧>+=<=01sin 00sin 1x b x x x a x x x x f 0=x (a )(b )1,1−==b a 1,1==b a (c )(d )1,1=−=b a 1,1−=−=b a()1sin 0001sin 0x x x f x a x x x b x x ⎧<⎪⎪===⎨⎪⎪+>⎩分析:要使在处连续()()()0lim lim 0x x f x f x f −+→→==只要使0011lim sin lim sin x x x x b a x x −+→→⎛⎞=+=⎜⎟⎝⎠只要使即a=1,b=1(36)已知在连续,则()()⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧>≤+=02sin 02x xbxx bx a x f 0=x (a )(b )1,0==b a 0,1==b a (c )(d )ba 2=ab 2=()20sin lim lim 2x x bxa bx a x−+→→+==由题意,只要使()2lim sin lim 22x x a bx a b bx ba a bx −+→→+==⇒=四、无穷小(1)函数在哪个变化过程中是无穷小量()11−=xe y (a )(b )(c )(d )0+→x 0−→x ∞→x 1+→x (2)当时,是的()0→x 1−x e x (a )高阶(b )低阶无穷小(c )同阶无穷小(d )等价无穷小001lim lim 11x xx x e e x→→−==分析:(3)当时,是的()0→x x x sin 2−x (a )高阶无穷小(b )低阶(c )同阶无穷小(d )等价无穷小(4)已知当时,为无穷大量,则当时,下列变量必为无穷0→x ()x f 0→x 小量是()(a )(b )(c )(d )()x xf ()x f x()xx f 11+()xx f 1−(6)时的无穷小量()0→x (a )(b )(c )(d )xx 1sin2xx 1sin1xx sin xx 2arcsin (7)曲线的垂直渐进线是()3242−−=x x y (a )仅有一条(b )仅有一条3=x 1−=x (c )有两条,(d )不存在3=x 1−=x (19)当时,与是等价无穷小,则()0→x ()11−+kx x 2sin =k (a )1(b )2(c )3(d )4)00112limlimsin 24sin 24x x k x kxx →→−==分析:(21)当时,为()0→x xy 1sin =(a )有界变量(b )无穷大量(c )无穷小量(d )无界变量(25)函数是()()()1ln 2++=x x x f (a )奇函数(b )偶函数(c )非奇非偶(d )有界函数(33)当时与等价的无穷小量是()1→x ()1sin 2−x (a )(b )(c )(d )2x 12−x 1−x x(35)当时,与比较是()1→x ()1sin 2−x 1−x (a )较高阶的无穷小(b )较低阶的无穷小(c )同阶无穷小(d )等价无穷小五、渐近线(5)曲线的垂直渐进线是()9862−+=x x y (a )仅有一条(b )仅有一条9−=x 1=x (c )有两条(d )不存在9−=x 1=x (27)曲线的水平渐进线是()xe y x−=−33(a )(b )(c )(d )不存在0=y 1=y 3=y 六、间段点:(37).111的间断点,并判断类型指出xx ey −−=(24)函数,是函数的()()⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧>=<=0arctan 0001x x x x e x f x 0=x (a )连续点(b )第一类可去间断点(c )第二类无穷间断点(d )第一类跳跃间断点。