直接宾语
有时为了强调间接宾语, 也可将间接宾语后置, 并在 其前加上介词to或for. He gave a book to me. He bought this book for me. 注意: 如果直接宾语是人称代词, 则间接宾语必须后 置, 并在其前加上介词to或for. Here’s your report. Don’t forget to show it to your parents.
d.动词不定式 To see is to believe. It is important to learn English. e.动名词 Smoking is harmful to the health. f.名词化的形容词或分词 The old should be respected. The disabled will receive more money. g.主语从句 What he said is not true. It is said that nobody knows where he lives.
e. 不定式 I’d like to have some coffee. I find it easy to sing this song. f.动名词 I haven’t finished reading your book yet. g. 宾语从句 I think you are right. I really don’t know what I should do next. I really don’t know what to do next.
c. It +谓语+名词性从句(真正的主语是that引 导的名词性从句)
It is a pity that you didn’t come to the party. It is said that nobody knows where he lives.
2. 谓语
谓语说明主语做什么，是什么，怎么样，由简 单动词或者动词短语构成．一般放在主语之后. He is a middle school student. The new term will begin on the 1st of September. His novel has been translated into English.
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形式主语(Formal Subject)是代词it的一种用法.当 句子的主语是动词不定式、动名词短语或从句时, 为使句子平衡, 一般用it作形式主语放在句首, 而 将真正的主语当在谓语动词之后. . a.It +谓语+动词不定式短语 It is a good habit to do morning exercises. It is difficult for him to give up smoking. b. It +谓语+动名词短语(主要用在以no good/use, useless, worthwhile, dangerous 等词作表语的句子中) It is no use learning without thinking.. It is dangerous playing with fire.
谓 语 句子除了上述几种基本成分外, 还有补足语，同位 语或一些独立成分, 如插入语、呼语和感叹语等. 主语
e.g. Sandy, be quick. 呼语 Oh, my God!
感叹语
It’s too expensive, I think. 插入语
We must all help to fight pollution.
(3) 复合宾语
在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完 整的意思，还必须在宾语后面加上宾语补足 语才能表达完整的意思．宾语+宾语补足语叫 做复合宾语(Complex Object).
(2)双宾语
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语: 直接宾语 (Direct Object)和间接宾语(Indirect Object), 称为双宾语.这两个宾语往往一个指人(一般为 间接宾语), 另一个指物(一般为直接宾语). 间 接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前.
He gave me a book. 间接宾语
同位语
1.主语 • 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体．一般由名词，代 词，不定式，动名词或从句充当．它的位置一般 在句首． a. 名词 Shanghai is in the east of China. Tom works very hard. b.代词 I bought a new book. That is a picture of our school. Who knows the answer? c.数词 Three plus four is seven. The first is the best.
与结构
什么是句子？
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的， 是能表达一个完整概念的语言单位．句子 的第一个字母必须大写，结尾要有．？！
I am a teacher.
Are you a student?
How beautiful the girl is !
句子成分概述: 一个句子的各个组成部分,叫做句子成分. 句子成分有 主语(Subject)、谓语(Predicate)、宾语（object） 表语(Predicative)、定语(Attribute)和状语 (Adverbial). e.g. The taxi-driver shouted at me angrily. 状语
3. 宾语 宾语是动作的对象，是动作的承受者. 由名词，代词，短语，不定式，动名词，从句充当． 宾语常用于及物动词之后, 称为动词宾语. 介词后面的名词或代词, 称为介词宾语. a.名词 He lost his parents in his childhood. b.代词(人称代词用宾格) Everybody likes her. c.数词 ---How many chairs do you want? ---I want four. d.名词化的形容词和分词 The doctor is operating on the injured.