考点26 并列句和状语从句高考频度：★★★★★考向一并列句一、并列连词1.表示并列关系的连词：and: 可用来连接两个或两个以上的单词/短语或句子，表示一种顺接的关系。
We are singing and they are dancing.or：用于否定句中连接并列成分，表示＂和，与＂；用于＂祈使句+or+陈述句＂中，意为＂否则，要不然＂。
The baby is too young. He can’t speak or walk.both…and：＂两个都……＂，连接两个并列主语时谓语动词用复数。
Both Li Ping and Mary are going to the Great Wall tomorrow. either…or…：＂要么……要么＂，连接的并列成分可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。
连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词通常与or后的部分保持一致。
Either she or I am right.neither…nor: ＂既不……也不……＂，连接的并列成分可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。
连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词通常与nor后的部分保持一致。
Neither he nor I am right.not only…but also: ＂不仅……而且……＂，强调后者；引导并列主语时，谓语动词与后面的主语保持一致。
Not only the students but also the teacher gives the money to our school.2. 表示转折关系的并列连词3. 表示因果关系的并列连词for：so：4. 其他常用并列连词when：＂就在那时＂，常用句型：be about to do…when…be going to do…when…be doing…when…►I was about to leave when the telephone rang.二、并列句并列句由两个或者两个以上独立分句并列在一起构成，起基本结构是分句加并列连词加分句。
在并列句中，除了使用并列连词以外还可以使用并列连词词组，或者连接副词来连接分句，有时甚至不用并列连词，只用逗号. 分号. 冒号等把分句隔开。
常用的并列连词有：and , but , or, for, so , neither, nor …并列连词词组有：either…or, neither…nor, both…and, as well as, not only…but also…连接副词有：besides, furthermore, moreover …1.表示联合关系常用and , neither…nor, not only…but also 等连词There was a big storm after midnight and the rain poured down.I can neither write songs nor play the guitar.2.表示选择关系常用or, either …or 等连词We cook a dinner together, or we go for a long walk.…either one of his daughters replaces him as a prisoner in the castle, or he will die. …3.表示转折和对比关系常用yet， but， however， while 等but表示完全转折，语气较强。
while主要表示对比。
however在使用时必须用逗号把它和句子其他成分隔开。
yet既可以用作并列连词也可以用作连接副词。
Some sports are done indoors, while others are done outdoors.They wanted to charge ﹩5,000 for the car, but we managed to bring the price down.In some places women are expected to earn money while men work at home and raise their children.One can not see wind, however, it does exist.I’d like to go with you ; however , my hands are full.The essay is good; it could be improved ,however.He worked hard, yet he failed .(并列连词)It is strange, and yet it is true. (连接副词)4.表示因果关系常用so， for，therefore等连接词I didn’t get enough sleep so I didn’t feel very well this morning.It was raining, therefore we had to stay at home.He found it increasingly difficult to read , for his eyesight was brginning to fail.5.表示条件或者结果常用and或者or等连词Simply raise your hand , and a taxi appears in no time.Don’t drive too fast or you will have an accident .Stand over there and you will see the oil painting better.You have to move out of the way or the truck can’t get past.6.表示递进关系常用besides， furthermore，moreover等连接副词。
Television is entertaining; besides/furthermore/moreover, it is instructive.注意：1.包含并列连词的特殊句式。
(1)祈使句，and/or＋主谓结构。
(2)名词短语，and＋主谓结构。
(3).be about to...when...正要……这时突然……Climb to the top of the mountain，and you'll get a good view of the city.Hurry up，or you'll be late.Another five minutes，and I'll finish the composition.A few minutes and they went away.He was about to go out when it began to rain heavily.2.however，but，while的用法比较。
however另起新句,有逗号与句子隔开。
but不需另起新句。
while既表示对比，又表转折。
He was ill，but he still kept on working.What she said sounded reasonable，Mr. Green，however，didn't believe her. 她说得有道理，然而，格林先生就是不信她。
There is plenty of rain in the south while there is little rain in the north. 南方多雨而北方少雨。
3.(1) so不能与because连用。
(2)but，while不与although连用，但yet，still可与although连用1.（2017·新课标I卷·短文改错） Before getting into the car, I thought I had learnedthe instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes（改为went） blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether.but/yet【参考答案】so改为【参考答案】and改为but【答案解析】考查连词。
固定短语not only…but also…意为＂不但……而且……＂。
3. (2017·北京卷·单项填空)—Peter, please send us postcards ________ we'll know where you have visited.—No problem.A. butB. orC. forD. so【参考答案】DA. soB. andC. forD. but【参考答案】C【答案解析】考查并列连词。
句意：我不害怕明天，因为我已经经历了昨天并且深爱着今天。
so后跟结果；and表并列关系；for补充说明原因；but表转折。
故选C。
考向二状语从句1.It's much easier to make friends ________ you have similar interests.A. unlessB. whenC. even thoughD. so that 【参考答案】B【答案解析】考查状语从句。
由句意＂当你们兴趣相投时，交朋友就容易多了＂可知，这里应该用when引导时间状语从句。
2.I took my driving license with me on holiday, ________ I wanted to hire a car.A. in caseB. even ifC. ever sinceD. if only 【参考答案】A题组一基础过关I.根据语境在空白处填入适当的并列连词1. I have long been interested in space exploration ________I believe I could learna great deal from him about it.2.Oliver is not the right sort of person for the job，________I'll pay him off.3.I believed her—________surely she would not lie to me.4. And why are some people happy and successful________others aren't?5. It's not doing the things we like，________liking the things we have to do that makes life happy.6.The children must have got lost in the woods；________，they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.II.根据语境在空白处填入适当的状语从句的连词1. I will be grateful ________ you could give me a kind consideration.2. ________I showed my answer to him，the teacher praised me for my independent thinking.3.________cleaning street is no more than an ordinary job，it contributes to the society.4.Good opinions are worth sticking to ________they can benefit us all.5.Leave your key with a neighbor ________you lock yourself out one day.6.It took nearly two hundred years ________I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.题组二能力提升I.单项填空1. Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, __________ plants can spread to new places.A. soB. orC. forD. but2.There's no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery ________ another man, also intelligent, fails.A. since B．if C. as D. while3. I was glad to meet Jenny again, ________ I didn't want to spend all day withher.A. butB. and C．so D．or4. I think we’d better keep to the subject, ______ we’ll waste our time．A. andB. orC. butD. so5.—Glad to see you, Kate.—Oh, my God. It’s been 20 years _______ w e last saw each other.A. whenB. beforeC. afterD. since6.—What a terrible accident!—Yes. It happened _______ he four roads meet.A. whereB. thatC. whenD.as7. _______ the students found the soldier’s idea interesting, the system for the blind was too difficult to be of practical use.A.AsB. SinceC. WhileD. When8.China’s economy is sure to develop very quickly _______ the new government is able to work scientifically and practically.A. even thoughB.in caseC.as thoughD.in that9.–I’m totally confused about why she steals things_______ she can easily afford to buy them.A. ifB. whenC. whileD. because10._________be late again, he came to school by taxi this morning.A. In order toB. So as toC. In order not toD. So as not toII.语篇填空(用适当的连词填空)Gandhi was honored as the father of the Indian nation, __1__he has been respected by the Indians with the belief that he is an Indian national hero.He was born in India in 1869.As is recorded，he did not get married __2__13 years old, following the local custom. In 1888 he sailed to England, __3__studying law for three years and became a lawyer.__4__he returned to India, he was sent to South Africa to work on a law case.In South Africa he was surprised to find that the problem of racialdiscrimination was serious.__5__，he formed an organization __6__this was how he started to fight for equal rights.Gandhi returned to India in 1915, __7__India was controlled by the British. He led the Indians to fight for an end to the British rule and independence for his country.__8__in the political movement many Indians including Gandhi were put in prison __9__it was still not sure whether they could gain independence，the struggles never stopped. The British government had to give in __10__India won its independence in 1947.Unfortunately Gandhi was shot by an Indian who opposed his views and died on January 30th, 1948.题组三体验真题1.（2017·天津）I ___________ down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.A. was drivingB. have drivenC. would driveD. drove2.(2015·北京)He is a shy man, ___________ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.A.soB. butC. orD. as3.(2014·北京) Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ______ plants can spread to new places.A. soB. orC. forD. but4. (2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)I was glad to meet Jenny again, ________ I didn't want to spend all day with her.A. butB. andC. soD. or题组一基础过关I.根据语境在空白处填入适当的并列连词1.and2.so3.for4.while5.but6.otherwiseII.根据语境在空白处填入适当的状语从句的连词1.if2.When3.Although4.because5.in case6.before题组二能力提升I.单项填空1.A 【解析】考查并列句。