2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题Peer tutoring is an effective way to improve learning for both the tutee and the tutor, and no one doubts the value of this strategy for meeting individual needs within a classroom. However, it takes more than simply pairing off students to make peer tutoring result in improved learning.Although you are likely to use informal tutoring practices in your classroom every day (e.g. asking one student to help another student with a problem), establishing a formalized tutoring program requires more involved planning. The following strategies can help you create and sustain an effective program within your classroom. As with most initiatives, if you can work with your building administrator and other teachers to establish a school-wide tutoring program, you will be able to serve the needs of all students more successfully. Typically, training will be minimal and will include basic instruction in modeling, prompting responses from tutees, using corrective feedback and praise/reinforcement, alternating teaching methods and materials (i.e.., using multisensory methods), and recording and reporting progress. If this is a school-wide initiative, classroom teachers or even parents or paraprofessionals can train students who will tutor as part of an extracurricular service activity.【答案】【参考译文】同伴教学是一种对受教者和施教者的学习都有改进的有效方法，没有人怀疑这种策略在课堂里满足个人需求的价值。
然而，要想让同伴辅导提高学习效果，仅仅把学生配对是不够的。
虽然你可能每天在你的课堂里使用非正式的辅导实践（例如，要一位学生去帮助另一位学生解决问题），但是建立一个正式的辅导课程却需要更复杂的设计。
下面的策略可以帮助您在课堂里创建并维持一个有效的辅导课程。
与大多数的倡议一样，如果您能与大楼管理员和其他教师共同去建立一个全校性的辅导课程，那么您将能够更成功地满足所有学生的需求。
通常，培训是小规模的，并且包括建模的基本指令，提示来自受教者的回应，使用矫正反馈和称赞/强化，交替教学方法和材料（如使用多感官的方式），记录和报告进展。
如果这是一次全校性的倡议，那么将辅导作为部分课外服务活动的课堂老师，甚至家长或辅导专职人员都可以训练学生。
2.单选题Once I was unaware of the critical points involved, my choice would be bound to be relatively ______.问题1选项A.arbitraryB.irrationalC.indispensableD.negligent【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。
A选项arbitrary“任意的；武断的；专制的”，是由偶然、一时兴起或冲动而非由必然、推理或原则决定的；B选项irrational“不合理的（即与理想状况相比有差距）；无理性的；荒谬的”；C选项indispensable“不可缺少的；绝对必要的；责无旁贷的”；D选项negligent“疏忽的；粗心大意的”。
句意：一旦我不知道其中的关键点，我的选择必然是相对______。
如果不知道关键点，做出选择前心里就不会有一个理想答案，所以选择就会相对随意，所以A选项正确。
3.单选题The original elections were declared（）by the former military ruler.问题1选项A.voidB.vulgarC.surplusD.extravagant【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。
void意为“无效的，空的”；vulgar意为“庸俗的，粗俗的，粗野的”；surplus 意为“过剩的”；extravagant意为“奢侈的，挥霍的，过分的”。
句意：最初的选举被先前军事统治统治者宣布无效。
4.单选题The mayor is a woman with great forthrightness and therefore deserves our political and financial support.问题1选项A.intentionB.instinctC.integrityD.intensity【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。
forthrightness意为“坦率，直率”；intention意为“意图，目的”；instinct 意为“本能，天性”；integrity意为“正直，诚实”；intensity意为“强烈”。
句意：市长是一位非常直率的女性，因此值得我们的政治和财政支持。
5.翻译题为了全面实现小康社会，中国政府制定了强有力的平衡、平等发展的计划。
经过多年的努力，中国已经形成政府为主、大家参与的扶贫模式。
中国开发式扶贫工作遵行的是独立自主、全面发展的道路。
这不仅对促进国民经济的持续快速发展、社会稳定、民族团结发挥了重要作用，也为世界的反贫困事业做出了贡献。
我们最终的目标是缓解和消除贫困，实现全体人民的共同富裕。
我们将进一步把减贫作为工作重点，大力推进发展与改革，努力为扶贫创造良好的环境。
【答案】【参考译文】In order to realize a well-off society in an all-round way, the Chinese government has formulated a strong plan for balanced and equitable development. After years of efforts, China has formed a poverty alleviation model dominated by the government and participated by everyone. China’s development oriented poverty alleviation work follows the path of independent and all-round development. This has not only played an important role in promoting the sustained and rapid development of the national economy, social stability and national unity, but also contributed to the world’s anti-poverty cause. Our ultimate goal is to alleviate and eliminate poverty and achieve common prosperity for all people. We will further focus on poverty reduction, vigorously promote development and reform, and strive to create a good environment for poverty alleviation.6.单选题Convenience foods which are already prepared for cooking are available in grocery stores.问题1选项A.readyB.approachableC.probableD.obtainable【答案】D【解析】考查同义形容词辨析。
A选项ready“准备好的，现成的，迅速的”；B选项approachable“可接近的，可到达的，易理解的”；C选项probable“很可能的，可信的”；D选项obtainable“能得到的，能获得的”。
句意：现成的方便食品可以在杂货店买到。
Available“可获得的；可购得的；可找到的；有空的”，所以D选项与该词意思最相近，因此D选项正确。
7.单选题It bestows the ability to overcome laziness, temptations and negative habits, and to carry out actions, even if they require effort, are unpleasant and tedious or contrary to one’s habit.问题1选项A.monotonousB.interestingC.entertainingD.equitable【答案】A【解析】考查同义形容词辨析。
A选项monotonous“单调的，千篇一律的，因单调令人厌烦的”；B选项interesting“有趣的，有意思的”；C选项entertaining“令人愉快的，有趣的”；D选项equitable“公平的，公正的”。