2022年考研考博-考博英语-辽宁大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题His mother scanned his face to see if he was telling the truth.问题1选项A.indicatedB.scrutinizedC.caressedD.penetrated【答案】D【解析】考查同义动词辨析。
A选项indicated“表明，显示，象征，暗示”；B选项scrutinized“仔细查看；认真检查；细致审查”，表示用挑剔的眼光以及对细节苛求的态度检查；C选项caressed“抚摸，爱抚”；D选项penetrated“看透；透过……看见，洞察；发现；揭示”。
句意：他母亲审视着他的脸，想看看他是否在说真话。
Scan“细看；察看；审视；端详”。
D选项与scan意思最接近，因此D选项正确。
2.单选题The guests were in a jubilant mood as the wedding began.问题1选项A.exultantB.conciliatoryC.reverentD.receptive【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。
a jubilant意为“喜庆洋洋的，欢欣鼓舞的”；exultant意为“狂喜的；兴高采烈的”；conciliatory意为“调解的，安抚的”；reverent意为“恭敬的，虔敬的”；receptive意为“乐于接受的”。
句意：婚礼开始时，客人们都喜气洋洋。
3.单选题The plane（）, its bombs exploding as it hit the ground.问题1选项A.smashedB.crushedC.plungedD.crashed【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。
smash意为“打碎，打破，撞击”；crush意为“压坏，压碎”；plunge意为“暴跌，骤降”；crash意为“碰撞、坠落，坠毁”，根据习惯用法，飞机失事，动词都是用crash。
句意：飞机坠毁了，其炸弹在撞击地面时爆炸。
4.单选题Toilet waters, colognes （科隆水）and perfumes all have pleasing aromas （香味）. When purchasing them at a store, however, you will find that each of the three has a different price range. Their aromas are created by perfume oils. These can be very costly. Toilet water, which is the least expensive, contains about two percent perfume oil. Cologne, which is slightly more expensive, has three to five percent perfume oil. Perfume, containing from ten to twenty percent perfume oil, is the most expensive.Perfume oils, also called "essential oils", provide the special odors of perfumes. These oils come from the flowers, leaves, stems, roots, and seeds of plants. One of the most desirable essential oils comes from the jasmine. Attar is one of the most expensive oils. It is obtained from a unique rose. This special flower grows only in Bulgaria and Turkey.Another ingredient of perfume is called a fixative——a substance that makes the aroma of the essential oils long-lasting. The best fixatives are quite expensive. This is because they can be obtained only from certain animals. Musk comes from the scent gland of the musk deer that lives in Asia. Castor comes from beavers, and civet is taken from civet cats. Ambergris, the rarest of fixatives, is a substance sometimes found in sperm whales.The last two ingredients in perfumes, however, are not costly. Almost all perfumes contain synthetic substances that are obtained from coal tar or chemicals. All perfumes also contain alcohol, in which the other ingredients are dissolved. The greater the amount of synthetic materials and alcohol, the cheaper the perfume is to make.Some perfumes, therefore can be very expensive, while others can cost less. The more expensive ones are used for cosmetics: lipsticks, powders, lotions, and of course, the fragrant liquid dabbed or sprayed on the body. The less expensive ones are used in industry. They are key ingredients in the making of paper, plastics, paint, and rubber products, which otherwise would have unpleasant odors.1.Toilet waters, colognes and perfumes are different in prices because （）.2.The major ingredients of perfumes are（）.3.The best fixatives are very expensive because（）.4.The function of alcohol in perfumes is to（）.5.People use perfumes in paper-making in order to（）.问题1选项A.they contain different percentage of perfume oilB.their aromas are created by perfume oilsC.their perfume oils are very expensiveD.you buy them at different stores问题2选项A.perfume oils, essential oils, jasmine, attarB.oils from the flowers, leaves, stems, roots and seeds of plantsC.perfume oils, fixative, synthetic substances and alcoholD.musk, castor, civet, ambergris问题3选项A.animals are very expensive and rareB.animals live in different areasC.not every animal contains perfumeD.it is hard to get them问题4选项A.make other ingredients mixed with the liquidB.make other ingredients disappearC.fade awayD.make other ingredients become solid问题5选项A.reduce the costB.make the paper more attractiveC.get rid of the unpleasant smellsD.soften the paper【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:C第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。
由文章第一段中的Toilet water, which is the least expensive, contains about two percent perfume oil. Cologne, which is slightly more expensive, has three to fivepercent perfume oil. Perfume, containing from ten to twenty percent perfume oil, is the most expensive.（最便宜的花露水含有百分之二的芳香油。
科隆香水稍微贵一点，有百分之三到五的芳香油。
香水是最贵的，含有10%到20%的芳香油）可知A选项“它们含有不同百分比的芳香油”符合题意。
2.细节事实题。
由文章第一段中的Their aromas are created by perfume oils.（它们的芳香是由芳香油产生的）、第三段中的Another ingredient of perfume is called a fixative（香水的另一种成分叫做固香剂）和第四段中的Almost all perfumes contain synthetic substances that are obtained from coal tar or chemicals. All perfumes also contain alcohol（几乎所有的香水都含有从煤焦油或化学物质中提取的合成物质。