,介词的分类1. 简单介词，是指单个的介词女口：in, on, at, on, to, with 等2. 合成介词，是指两个简单介词合在一起构成的介词如:in to, on to, without, i nside3. 短语介词，是指一个或两个简单介词与一个或几个其他词类的词组合，在意义和作用上相当于一个简单介词的短语如：in stead of 代替because of 因为accord ing to 按照二，表示时间的介词in front of在…的前面1. at表示具体的时间点女口：at eight o'clock联想：at构成的固定短语:at first 首先at least 至少at prese nt 目前at noon在中午at the age of在…岁时at the same time同时at the end of在。

末at the mome nt在目前，现在at school在上学女口： _________________________________________________ In some wester n coun tries shops are closed _____________________________ w eeke nds.2. in用于年，月，季节，上午，下午，晚上等。

in March在三月in spri ng在春天in 2008 在2008 年in the morni ng/afterno on /eve ning注意：in表示在某一季节或某一月份时，一般不加冠词，但季节和月份的意义一旦具体化，就要加定冠词the。

女口：The weather is a little in May.An earthquake happe ned in Sichua n in the May of 2008.In summer childre n are happy because they can swim.联想：in构成的固定短语：show great interest in 对。

感兴趣in the last/past several year 在 过去的几年里 3.表示具体的某一天或某一天的早晨，晚上等，用 on如： In the morning 1 ofte n get up at six o 'clock butSun day morning, 1 get up at seve n.A traffic accide nt happened2014.联想：on 构成的固定短语：on board 乘坐（车，飞机）on earth 至U 底on foot 步行on holiday 度假be on show 展览on the other hand 另一方面on one 'way to 在某人去...的路上4.表示时间的 since, for, by, during, until(1) sinee (自从)后跟具体的过去时间，for 后接一段时间。

for 和since 短语所在 的句子应用现在完成时，谓语动词要用延续性动词。

女口： Great changes have taken place in my hometown since the year 2000.We have lived in the city for about five years. ⑵by+时间点，意为“到…为止”如果by 后面跟的是将来的时间点，用一般将 来时或hand in 上交in surprise 吃惊地in public 当众in no time 立刻，马上in front of 在…前面in good health 身体健康的 in fact 事实上 in search of 寻找 in the end 最后，终于 in a minute 立刻，马上 in a word 一句话，总而言之 do well in 在…方面干的不错near our school ________ the night of May 2on duty 值班，值日 on fire 着火 on hire 雇佣 on time 按时 on the right 在右边 a book on history 一本关于历史的书将来完成时，如果by后面跟一个过去的时间点，用过去完成时。

如: I will finish eating by nine o 'lock.By the end of last week, we had fini shed lear ning Un it5.⑶during+时间段，与延续性动词连用，表示某期间的动作。

如:She had trained hard during the four years to get ready for London Olympic Games.⑷until+时间点，意为“道…为止”，句中的谓语动词若是非延续性动词，构成句型not...until直到…才女口：We stayed there un til the sun set.We did n'tgo home un til the sun set.⑸表示时间前后的before, afterbefore在…之前，after在…之后女口：We must hand in our homework before class.After half past eleve n we can relax ourselves.注意：before作为介词，还可以表示“面临，面对”女口：What should you do before so many difficulties?I had nothing to say before her.三.表示方位，地点，行为对象等的介词1. 表示方位的介词in, to, onin表示包含关系，意为“在。

范围内”，on表示相邻关系，接壤；to表示相隔关系。

女口：China is _____ the east of Asia.Japa n is_______ the east of China.Russia is ______ the north of China.2. 表示“上下”等方位的介词over, un der, above, below, on(1) over在。

正上方，其反义词为under女口：There is a football under the desk.I looked up and saw a pla ne flying over my head.⑵above表示“在。

上方”，非垂直关系，其反义词为below女口：The plane is flying above the clouds.(3) on在。

之上，指两者表面接触。

其反义词也为under3. 表示“前后”的介词和短语介词(1) in front of在。

前面，指在范围之外的前面，和before意义接近。

女口：There are some bikes in front of the teachi ng build ing.⑵behind是in front of的反义词，意为“在。

后面”⑶in the fron t of表示在范围之内的前面，其反义词组是at the back of4. by, beside在o。

旁边；between在两者之间,among在三者及以上之间(1) by和beside意义相近女口：Do you know the man who is standing by the window?Lucy sits beside me. She is my deskmate.(2) between指两者之间，也表示三者或多者中的每两者之间；among指三个或三个以上的事物或人之间。

注意：between表示两者之间，只要构成双方关系，就可以用between女口：There are so many desks in the classroom that there is hardly any room to movebetwee n them.教室里有这么多张课桌，几乎没有空间从它们中间穿过。

5. across, through穿过across从表面穿过，through穿越，穿透，透过，指从物体内部穿过。

女口：(1)When you go ____ the road, you must be careful.(2) Which river runs _______ Sha nghai?(3) --I left my keys in the room yesterday. I had to get in _______ t he wi ndow.--It 'dan gerous to do that.A. inB. throughC. overD. to6. 表示里外的in, in side, in to, on to, out of, outside(1) in在。

之内女口：My keys are in my pocket.注意：外来物“在树上”，用in，树上结出的东西“在树上”，用on女口：There are some birds ____ the tree.Autu mn comes and some red apples _______ the apple trees come into peo'e eyes.⑵inside在。

里面，至叽。

里面。

反义词为outside如:Liste n! Some one is talki ng in a low voice in side the door.Don 'stay outside.(3) into至到o oo内。

强调空间或状态的转换。

反义词为o ut of如: Why not go into the house and have a look?He looked out of the wi ndow and saw some people coming back from work.注意：out of还有“脱离，失去”等意义。

如:He has been out of work for long.Fish can 'live long out of water.7. 表示“靠近”的near, next to, aroundnear在。

附近next to在。

旁边around在。

周围女口：There is a park n ear our n eighborhood.I did n 'remember to pho ne un til n ear the end of the week.The mouse is n ext to my computer.That patie nt is n ext to death.The flowers and applause掌声)are always around the wi nn ers.注意：around还表示“大约”，同义词：about女口：It was around/about twelve oclock in the evening.8. 表示运动方向的for, to, towards(1) for常接在leave, start等动词之后，表示运动的方向或目的地。