基础医学英语术语复习题1. cyto meansA. fatB.smoothC. blue B. cell2. myo- refers to your:A. brainmyoptic nervefeetmuscle3. neuro means:nervenewdigestive systemendocrine system4. kary/o meanscellkaraokenucleusillness5. leuk/o means:whitelimpidblacksickle-shaped6. erythro/o means:membraneheart-shapedredbrown7. histo/o means:filmtimetissueyellow8. melano means:blackdiseasedmalignantcancer9. path/o means:withinpurpleexciseddisease10. somat/o means:extremitybodytissuenerve11. Endo means:Above.Below.Within.Fat.12. Thromb/o means:To throb.To divide.To clot.To dry out.13. Brady- means:Fast.Irregular.Prolonged.Slow.14. Salping/o means .Fallopian tube.Pus.Polyp.Flesh, connective tissue.15. Onych/o meansTesticle.The same as Orchi/o.Single, one.Nail.16. Tachy- (as in tachycardia) means:A slowing downIrregularFast or rapidMalignant17. andro means: above, over humanthroughmale18. viscer/o means: cut openinternal organs exoskeletonrelate to19. cyanobluewhitecyanidelarge20. gno/o means: smallknowledge science ofbranch21. onc/o means: oldcancertumordeadly22. iatr/o means: hirsuteiodine physician, medicine cold23. lip/o:whitefatroughsoft24. xantho means: yellowbrownantireversed25. eti/o (as in etiology): systemscience ofcausehistory26. dys- means:twodifficulteasyforked27. hypo- means: below, incomplete over, outsidethroughinside, within28. chrom/o means: silvercolorbrittleshiny29. rhabd/o means:rod-shapedscience ofrapidhistory30. sarco means: flesh, connective tissue solidopaqueforked31. -emia means: Blood Condition. Deficiency.Excess of.Death of32. -pnea means : Break.Breathing.Swallowing.Circulation.33. -stenosis means: Hardening.Constriction.Expanding.Malignancy.34. -ostomy means:Cut into or incision.Ablation.Enlargement.Create an artificial opening.35. -otomy means:Cut into or incision.Ablation.Enlargement.Create an artificial opening.36. -megaly means:Multiply.Ablation.Enlargement.Diseased.37. -plasia means:Formation, development or growth. Repairing of, suturing. Metastisizing of a tumor. Condition.38. -cele means:Cell.Chest.Cavity.Swelling, protrusion.39. -itis means:Itching.Burning.Scaly.Inflammation.40. The Suffix "pepsia" refers to: Chest musclesThe nervous systemDigestionHearing41. Scraping away of the skin or mucous membrane by friction. ContusionAbrasionCarbuncleBullae42. Surgical repair of the cornea.KeratonomyCorneoplastyKeratoplastyKeratoscopy43. Inflammation of the tympanic membrane.AnotiaLabyrinthitisMeniere's diseaseMyringitis44. Bluish discoloration of the skin.CyanosisEdemaCiliumEffusion45. Disease of the heart muscle.CardioplexyCardiopathyCardiomyopathyMyopathy46. Removal of the gallbladder.CystectomyCholedochectomyCholecystectomyCholangiography47. Painful menstruation.AmenorrheaHypermenorrheaDyspareuniaDysmenorrhea48. Above the pubic bones.PerineumTransperinealInferiopubicSuprapubic49. Enlargement of a finger or toe. DactylomegalyAnkylosisDiaphysisKyphosis50. The medical term for headache. CephalgiaCyanosisMigraineConcussion51. Red blood cell.LymphocyteEosinophilLeukocyteErythrocyte52. An infection with the fungus Candida. ThrushMacrophageTiterImpetigo53. Disease of a lymph node. LymphadenopathyAdenoidopathyAdenectomyAdenitis54. A woman who has never been pregnant. NulligravidaPrimigravidaNulliparaPrimipara55. Accumulation of blood in a joint. HemarthrosisHematuriaHematosisHepatitis56. Protrusion of the eyeballs.ExophthalmosOphthalmusExotropiaOpacification57. Abnormal widening of the bronchi.BronchiolitisBronchiectasisBronchiolvescularAsthma58. Membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. MeningesCerebrospinal fluidMeningitisMyasthenia59. An agent that causes disease.PhagocyteProteaseProphylaxisPathogen60. Blood in the urine.UremiaHematocritHeomstasisHematuria61. Erythrocytes are:White blood cells.Red blood cells.Benign tumor cells.Also known as Leukocytes.62. The superior vena cava is:The major artery that supplies the trunk and legs with blood. Located in the lower trunk of the body.Located in the lower part of the neck..Connected to the celiac trunk.63. The common carotid artery is:In the upper portion of the thigh.Beneath the Medulla OblongataAt the base of the neck.Inside the Cerebellum64. The carotid artery branches into the:Internal carotid artery; the external carotid artery. Supratrochlear, supertrochlear..Inferior thoracic, superior thoracic.Common iliac artery, external iliac artery..65. The integumentary system does NOT include the: Liver.Hair.Nails.Mouth.66. The right ventricle is the:One of the primary heart valves.Large lower cavity of the heart.Left upper portion of the heart..Right upper portion of the heart67. The septum:Divides the heart lengthwise into left and right. separates the right and left nasal cavity.The thin wall which separates one alveolus from another. All of the above.68. The cervical lymph nodes are located:Near the groin.In the armpit.Near the stomach.In the neck.69. Inguinal means:Near the heart.In the groin area.The region of the small intestines.The lower leg.70. Axillary lymph glands are located:In the neck.In the groin.In the upper leg.In the armpit.71. A bronchoplasty is the surgical repair of the bronchus. TrueFalse72. A fistula is tube-like passage between two organs, for example, between the kidney and an organ of the digestive system.TrueFalse73. A sigmoidoscopy is an endoscopic examination of a part of the small intestines.TrueFalse74. The term percutaneous is derived from the greek "to cut a (small) incision (through the skin)"TrueFalse75. Ablation refers to the procedure of expanding a vessel (e.g., an artery) using a balloon.TrueFalse76. A Laryngostomy is a surgical incision (opening) from the neck into the larynx.TrueFalse77. Ablution means to destroy or remove.TrueFalse78. A neurorrhaphy is the separating of a blood vessel.TrueFalse79. Osteoclasis is the surgical breaking of a bone.TrueFalse80. Costectomy is the surgical repair of the coccyx.TrueFalseMatching: Matching the terms in each of following sets with their definitions and write the appropriate letter (a-e) to the left of each number:1. bilateral a. compound made of many subunits2. hemiplegia b. paralysis of one side of the body3. Quadrisect c. Partial state of unconsciousness4. polymer d. pertaining to both sides of the body5. semicoma e. cut into four parts6. melanocyte a. scanty menstrual flow7. leukoderma b. loss of color in the skin8. xanthoocyte c. dark-colored cell9. adhesion d. cell with yellow color10. oligomenorrhea e. attachment of parts11. sinistral a. parasite that lives inside the body12. ectoparasite b. toward the left13. endoparasite c. endbrain14. mesencephalon d. parasite that lives outside of the body______ 15. telencephalon e. midbrain____________ 16. cytoplasm a. organelles that manufacture energy fromfood______ 17. DNA b. organelles that manufacture protein______ 18. TP c. genetic material______ 19. ribosomes d. energy compound of the cell______ 20. mitochondria e. fluid that fills the cell______ 21. homeostasis a. building phase of metabolism______ 22. catabolism b. state of internal stability______ 23. anabolism c. fibrous protein in connective tissueCase Studies1. Esopha’geal spasm 食道痉挛This patient is a 53-year-old white female who has consulted for occasional episodes of dysphagia(吞咽困难) with moderate to severe tight, gripping pain in the mid-thorax. The onset is sudden following ingestion of food or beverage. The pain is retrosternal (胸骨后的) at first and then radiates to the cervical and dorsal regions. It is not improved by assuming a supine position(仰卧). There is no vomiting or dyspnea(呼吸困难). In the absence of other symptoms, esophageal spasm is suspected. If difficulties persist, fluoroscopy(荧光检查)with a barium9(钡)swallow will be done to rule out paraesophageal hiatal hernia.(食管旁食管旁裂孔疝)2. Pathology report-Cervical and Endometrial BiopsiesTwo separate uterine(子宫的) specimens are submitted. Specimen 1 is a cervical biopsy（宫颈活检）1.3cm in maximum width by 1.1 cm thickness.The exocervical (外子宫颈的) surface is smooth. There are numerous areas of mild to moderate dysplasia(发育异常). Slide F shows the endocervix(宫颈内膜) displaying metaplasia by hyperchromatic cells() involving almost the entire thickness of the epithelium. No area of invasion of the basement is observed. There is chronic inflammation(慢性炎症). Specimen 2 consists of multiple fragments of endometrial tissue. Examination show a proliferative(增生性的) type of endometrium(子宫内膜). No malignancy is seen.3. Laparoscopy(腹腔镜检查)and laparotomy(剖腹手术)The patient was taken to the operating room under general anesthetic. A pneumoperitoneum (气腹) was performed for usual laparoscopy procedure per an infraumbilical (脐下的) incision. Visualization(造影，显影) of the abdominal viscera(内脏) was complicated by multiple small bowel (小肠)adhesions. The laparoscopy instruments were therefore withdrawn. Interrupted 3.0 Vicryl sutures(缝合线) were placed periumbilically（脐周的）. An exploratory laparotomy （剖腹探查术）was then performed by means ofa midline incision.81. The term supine meansA. lying face downB. standing in the anatomic positionC. sittingD. lying face up82. The cervical region is the region of theA. heartB. armC. neckD. head83. A word that means the same as dorsal isA. anteriorB. inferiorC. posteriorD. superior84. the terms metaplasia and dysplasia refer toA. formation of cellsB. numbers of cellsC. size of cellsD. color of cells85. The phrase “adhesion were lysed”means thatA. parts were joined togetherB. joined parts were separatedC. parts were removedD. specimens were taken86. The term hyperchromatic meansA. excessively large in sizeB. excessively small in sizeC. deficient in colorD. containing excess color87. The term pneumoperitoneum refers toA. inflation of the thoracic cavityB. incision of the abdominal cavityC. inflation of the abdominal cavityD. incision of the pleural cavity。