牛津英语沪教版中考英语语法专题复习词类一名词一、定义名词，顾名思义，是表示人,事物,地点或抽象概念的名称的词。
二、名词的分类名词可以分为可数名词与不可数名词；可数名词可以用数字来进行计算；分为名词单数与名词复数；不可数名词就不能用数字进行计算。
三、可数名词的单复数1. turn green in spring.a.leafb. leave c, leaves d, leafs2．are very useful to pupils.a. radiob. radiosc. radioesd. a radio3. Many ___ __ are playing on the playground.a. boyesb. boysc. a boyd. boies2.名词复数的不规则变化★难点1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth goose--geese mouse---mice man---men注意：由一个词加man 或woman构成的复合词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women 如：an Englishman，two Englishmen。
由man或woman加一个其他名词构成的复合名词时，两个都要变复数例：woman doctor-women doctors(女医生)2）单复同形，如deer，sheep，fish，yuan，等。
但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎，千米，英里，米等都有复数形式。
如：ten dollars, five pounds, two dollars, two meters, three miles练习：Three _______ are eating the grass at the foot of the mountain.A. sheepsB. sheepC. sheepesD. ships3）表示某国人：单复数同形：Chinese-- Chinese Japanese--Japanese变man为men：Englishman-- Englishmen Frenchman-- Frenchmen在词尾加s：German--Germans American--Americans4）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实际上为复数★难点1. people police cattle family 等本身就是复数，不能用a/an修饰，其谓语动词应用复数。
注意：people的复数形式peoples通常指"多个民族"。
family的复数形式families指“多个家庭”。
错：a people，a police 对：a person，a policeman例：1. There are five________(people ) in his family.2. It's nine o'clock now. My family _______(be) watching TV.5）有些以s结尾，以单复形式出现，但实为单数的名词，如：★难点a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，一般是不可数名词，为单数。
b. news 为不可数名词，不能说a news, 可借助量词，a piece of newsC. Manners: 礼貌，礼节，为不可数名词；其单数形式manner译为：方式，方法。
6）表示由两部分构成的东西，常以复数形式的名词trousers裤子，pants裤子，shorts短裤glasses眼镜，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair（对，双）;suit（套）;a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers, three pieces of bread.7) 名词作定语时，不用复数形式，但man/woman做定语修饰另一个名词时，两个名词都用复数形式。
★难点例：apple tree--apple trees book shop--book shopswoman doctor--women doctors可数名词：课堂作业一、用所给的名词的适当形式填空1 Look! There are a lot of _________ (leaf) on the groud2 There are many ________(people) in the room.3 People wear shoes on their ___________(foot)4 There are some __________(dumpling) on the plate5 Those ________ (child) are playing football outside6 There are some _______ (sheep) in the field7. There is some________(food) in the basket.8. The baby has only two________(tooth) now.9. Let's take________(photo), OK?10. I have lots of________(tomato) here.11. The________(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.12. The________(child) are playing games on the playground now.13. Their________(dictionary) look new14．There are two________ over there．（watch）15．l can see a _________and two _______ standing there．（man，woman）16．There are two baskets of__________ on the floor．（apple）17．How many _________can you see？（radio）18．Look at those_________．（child）19. There are many________(fox) in the picture.20 The cat is chasing two________(mouse).单选1. –Two ______ died in the accident.–_______ terrible it is!A. policemen; HowB. policeman; WhatC. police; WhatD. policemans; How2. – Near Our school there are two ______.A. shoes shopsB. shoes shopC. shoe shops.3. The ______are looking for a little girl.A. policemanB. police policemans4. ---What is your favorite _____?---Mid-autumn Day. I can eat a lot of moon-cakes.A. seasonB. weatherC. festivalD. month5. Could you take _____ for these _____? They are very beautiful.A. any photos; tomatoesB. some photos; tomatoesC. some photos; tomatosD. any photoes; tomatoes6. My brother likes chemistry of all the _____.A. vegetablesB. subjectsC. fruitsD. drinks7. Look! Those three _____ are talking with three _____.A. Englishmen; GermenB. Englishmans; GermansC. Englishmen; GermansD. Englishmans; Germen8. Look! The _____ are watering flowers.A. manB. womanC. boyD. children9. The restaurant is so popular here. Look, there are so many _____ here.A. foodB. dishC. peopleD. waiter10. I’ve forgotten both of the _____.A. room numbersB. rooms numberC. rooms numbersD. room number11. I want something to eat .Please give me a __________A bookB watchC shirtD cake12. The cat caught two ______ last night.A. mousesB. miceC. mouseD. mices13．The boy often brushes his _____ before he goes to bed.A. toothB. toothsC. teethD. teeths14. There are four _____ and two _____ in the group.A. Japanese; GermenB. Japaneses; GermenC. Japanese; Germans15. The dog has four _____.A. footB. feetC. feetsD. foots不可数名词1. 常见的不可数名词air, smoke, water, oil, soup, juice, drink, ink, rain, snow, ice, tea, coffee, milk,wine, sunshine, heat, light, sugar, salt, rice,hair,furniture, food, meat, beef, fruit, bread, trouble, success, homework, housework, music, paper,work, information,weather（技巧区分名词可数与不可数：若一个事物分成两半还能叫之前的名称，为不可数名词；若一个事物分成两半不能再叫原来的名称，为可数名词。