By “diction” we mean the proper choice of words and phrases in translation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original.


Context
This war is becoming the most importan story of this generation. 这场战争将成为这一代人的最重大的事件。 It is quite another story now. 现在的情况完全不同了。 Some reporters who were not included in the sessions broke the story. 有些没有参加那次会议的记者把内情捅出去了. He’ll be very happy if that story holds up. 如果这一说法当真，那他就太高兴了。

2、Judging from the References 1) third person pronouns; indefinite pronouns：some, any, each, both; definite pronouns：much, many, few, little, etc. He (father) sent John to the university and was eager to have him distinguish himself . 他送约翰上大学，巴望能让儿子出类拔莽。

4、 Equivalents Interwoven with One Another

5、Words without Equivalents teenager: 13 至19 岁的青少年 clock-watcher: 老是看钟等下班的人 阴: yin (in Chinese thought) the soft, inactive, female principle or force in the world Dink=double income no kids 丁克家族 文房四宝：the four treasures of the study (writing brush, ink-stick, ink-stone and paper) 乌纱帽：an official post 糖葫芦：Tanghulu, a sugar-coated fruit on the stick which is a kind of children’s favorite food in winter

Syntax
agreement an agreement people a people hostility hostilities use uses 同意 协定 人民 民族 敌意 战争 使用 用途

He saw a man sawing wood with a saw． 他看见一个人正用锯子锯木头。 Needing some light to see by, the burglar crossed the room with a light step to light the light with the light green shade. 夜贼轻手轻脚的穿过房间，点亮了那盏有浅绿 色灯罩的灯，以便辨别方向。 Eat what you can and can what you cannot． 能吃的吃掉，吃不掉的就做成罐头。

2、Judging from the References 2) demonstrative pronouns: this, that, these, those; demonstrative adverbs: here, there, now, then, etc. Health is above wealth, for this cannot give so much happiness as that. 健康比财富更重要，因为财富不能像健康那样给人那 么多幸福。
Ⅰ. Correspondence between English and Chinese at Word Level 英汉词字层次对等关系 1、Word-for-Word Correspondence Marxism = 马克思主义 Aspirin = 阿斯匹林 激光= laser 白血病= leukemia 2、One Word with Multiple Equivalents of the Same Meaning wife: 妻子、爱人、夫人、老婆、老伴、媳妇、堂客、 内人… 人: human being, man, people, person ...
between English and Chinese
Correspondence
Full correspondence No equivalents One word with multiple equivalents
Of the same meaning Of different meanings

Ⅱ. Methods of Discriminating the Original Meaning of an English Word 英语词义辨析法
3、Judging from the Context and Collocation His plane developed engine trouble only seven miles after takeoff. (发生故障) Modem aircraft are so heavy that the wings must develop a very large lift force in order to sustain the aircraft. (产生升力 ) Inspired by these ideas, in 1752 Franklin developed a practical lightning rod. ( 研制避雷针) A hypothesis is a specific statement developed by a scientist from observations. (得出论断) Most of the money came from selling the secret of a new type of potato he had developed. (培育新品种) Several attempts have been made through the years to develop the deposit. (开采矿床)

How to judge the meaning?
From the parts of speech From the collm the syntax

Parts of speech

Collocation
a fast car the fast growth fast music a fast journey fast color a fast film a fast oven fast asleep break one’s fast stick fast in the mud 速度很快的车 迅速成展 节奏快的音乐 行程紧凑的一次旅行 不易褪掉的颜色 快速感光胶卷 烤箱 熟睡 开斋 牢牢地陷在泥潭里
第四章
英汉互译技巧

LOGO
第一讲 Diction 遣词用字 第二讲 Amplification 增词法 第三讲 Omission 省略法 第四讲 Conversion 转换 第五讲 Restructuring 结构调整 第六讲 The Passive Voice 被动语态 第七讲 Affirmative vs. Negative肯定与否定 第八讲 Nominal Clauses 名词性从句 第九讲 Attributive Clause 定语从句 第十讲 Adverbial Clause 状语从句 第十一讲 Long Sentences 长句的翻译

4 、 Judging from Different Branches of Learning and
Specialties “base“: “词根” in lexicology “本金” in business “底涂” in painting “基线” in survey “根据地” in military science The lathe should be set on a firm base.车床应安装在坚实的 底座上。(机械) AB is the base of the triangle ABC. AB线是三角形 ABC 的底边。 ( 数学) He is on the second base. 他在二垒。（体育）

3 、 One Word with Several Equivalents of Different Meanings cousin: 堂兄、堂弟、堂姐、堂妹、表哥、表弟、 表姐、表妹、卿… president：总统、总裁、主席、董事长、议长、 会长、社长、校长… 羊：sheep, goat, ram, ewe, lamb…

2、Judging from the References 3) references of comparison I hate blue shirts; white shirts suit me but gray is the most preferable. 我讨厌穿蓝衬衫，喜欢穿白衬衫，而最喜欢穿灰衬衫.

Ⅱ. Methods of Discriminating the Original Meaning of an English Word 英语词义辨析法 1、Judging from the Word Formation parabiospheric para-( outside) +bio-( biologic) + spheric (having the form of a sphere) 外生物层的 pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis pneumono ( of lung) + ultra ( beyond) + micro (very small) + scopic (of viewing or observing) + silico( of silicon) + volcano (of volcano) + coni( koni, of dust) + osis (forming the name of a disease) 硅酸盐沉着病，肺尘病