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• Have you met himห้องสมุดไป่ตู้before? • 你以前见过他吗？ • My brother met her in the street two
days ago. • 我哥哥两天前在街上遇到了她。 • I have just had breakfast. • 我刚吃过早餐。 • She had breakfast just now. • 她刚吃了早餐。
2 、不规则动词，见不规则表（p120）
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二 含义及用法
1 表示过去发生的动作或事情， 对现在的影响和产生的结果。
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常用的关键词
yet(否/疑), already 已经
ever/never
曾经/从来不
just
刚刚
before
以前
recently, lately
最近
in the past/last 5 years 过去五年
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动词过去分词 (pp)变化规则
1. 规则动词：与过去时变化相同。 (1) 一般+-ed work---worked---worked (2) 以“ e ”结尾, + - d 。 live---lived ---lived (3) “辅音字母 + y” 结尾，y 变 i, + -ed。 cry---cried---cried (4) 重读闭音节结尾(辅元辅)，双写后+-ed 。 drop---dropped--dropped
一般疑问句: 句末(表示惊讶的语气) “难道”
Have you had breakfast already？ (表示强调)
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(2) yet
否定句:句末 “还(没)” I haven’t had breakfast yet.
疑问句: 句末 “己经” Have you had breakfast yet?
park? ( be )
B: Yes, I have.
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Key words
yet ever never
I __h_a_v_e_ never __h_e_a_r_d of anything like
that. (hear )
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Key words
yet ever never since
Tom h_a_s__w_o_r_k_e_d__ in the factory since he
现在完成时
The Present Perfect Tense
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一 构成:
have/has+动词过去分词 (pp)
肯定 主语+have/has + pp 否定 主语+have/has not + pp 疑问 Have/Has + 主语+ pp+其他
Yes, 主+have/has. No, 主+haven’t/hasn’t.
He has ever made meal. He has never made meal.
带ever的一般疑问句作否定回答时 可用“No, never.”
Have they ever travelled by train?
No, never.
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(5) just 用于句中, 表示“刚刚” I’ve just had breakfast. What have they just done?
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(6) before 用于句末, 表示“以前” I’ve seen it before. Has she ridden a bike before ?
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② before与ago，just与just now
before表示现在看来的“以前”，常 单独用于现在完成时中，一般不与表示 一段时间的词语连用，而ago表示在过去 某时间的“以前”，常用“一段时间 +ago”的形式，与过去时连用；just常与 现在完成时连用，多用于句中助动词之 后修饰谓语动词，just now多与一般过去 时连用，一般用于句末。如：
by now, so far, up to now, till now 迄今
once, twice…
一次…
all/in one’s life
某人一生
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（1）already
肯定句: “己经”
I’ve already had breakfast. (更常见) = I’ve had breakfast already.
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(3) ever 肯定句/疑问句 : 句中 “曾经” I’ve ever been to Beijing. Have you ever been to Beijing?
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(4) never 否定句: 句中 “从来没有” I’ve never been to Beijing.
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注: 带ever的肯定句变否定句时, 将 ever变never
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I have finished my homework. I have not finished my homework. Have you finished your homework? Yes, I have./No, I haven’t.
She has been to Europe. She hasn’t been to Europe. Has she been to Europe? Yes, she has./No, she hasn’t.
left school ten years ago. (work )
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Key words
yet ever never since for
A: How long __h_a_v_e_ you __ta_u_g_h_t__ in this
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注意：当在肯定句中含already或 just，变否定时，在句末加yet。
● I have already seen the film. I haven’t seen the film yet.
● Mother has just cleaned the house. Mother hasn’t cleaned the house yet.
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Key words
yet
A: __H_a_s__ your brother __b_o_u_g_h_t __ a new
watch? (buy ) B: Not yet.
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Key words
yet ever
A: _H_a_v_e___ you ever __b_e_e_n__ to the