Lesson 109 A good idea 好主意New Words and expressions 生词和短语idea n. 主意a little 少许（用于不可数名词之前）teaspoonful n. 一满茶匙less adj. (little 的比较级)较少的,更小的a few 几个(用于可数名词之前)pity n. 遗憾instead adv. 代替advice n. 建议，忠告idea n.1) 主意eg. An idea came to me.我想到个主意.eg. I have an idea: You clean the room and I'll wash the car.我有个主意,你打扫房间,我来洗车.2) 意见,见解,想法eg. What is your idea about it?关于这件事你的意见任何?eg. I don't like the idea that money is everything.我不喜欢金钱就是一切的想法.a little 少许(置于不可数名词之前)eg. Will you eat a little cake?你要不要吃点蛋糕?little 几乎没有,很少的(置于不可数名词之前)eg. I have little time for reading.我几乎没有时间读书.There is little hope of his recovery.他复原的希望极为渺茫.a little 与littlea little 表示"少", 但是还有一点,即重点放在"有".而little 则表示"有.但是极少",即重点强调"几乎没有"eg. There's a little wine left in the bottle.瓶子里还剩下一点酒.( 原来以为是空的,但发现还"有", 是较为乐观的看法)There's little wine left in the bottle.瓶子里还剩下多少酒.( 原来以为是更多,但发现"剩下很少", 是悲观的看法)only a little 只有一点点quite a little 相当多的,颇多的teaspoonful n. 一茶匙的量teaspoon n. 茶匙handful n. 一把a handful of sand 一把沙子mouthful n. 满嘴a mouthful of food 满嘴饭eg. Don't talk with a mouthful of food.嘴里塞满了饭时,不要讲话.less1) adj. 较少的,更小的(little的比较级)eg. I will have less work to do tomorrow.我明天的工作就更少了.2) 作不定代词eg. I know little about it , but he knows even less.对此我了解甚少,而他知道的更少.3) adv. 更不(与more 相对)eg. This story is less interesting.这个故事更没意思.After the exam, he works less hard.考试以后,他学习更不努力了.a few 几个(通常置于可数名词之前)in a few days 过两三天few 和a fewfew是"几乎没有"的否定性意见.a few是"有一些"的肯定性意见. 视说话者的想法而定,不一定根据数的大小,因而到底指何种程度的数量要看文章的前后关系而定.not a few 不少的,相当多的eg. Not a few people have made that mistake.不少人犯过这种错误.only a few 仅少数,只有几个....eg. Only a few men were in the room.房间中只有几个男性.quite a few (口语中) 相当多的eg. You will have to wait quite a few weeks.你必须等上好几个礼拜.pity n.1) 遗憾eg. It's a pity that he failed again.真遗憾他再次失败了.What a pity!真可惜! 实在可怜!What a pity(that) she cannot come!他不能来真是遗憾.2) 怜悯,同情eg. He felt pity for the jobless man.他可怜那无业男子. (fell pity)instead adv. 代替eg. I don't like beer , give me coke instead.我不喜欢喝啤酒,给我可乐好了.instead of 代替...,而不eg. I will go to see her instead of you.要去看的是她而不是你.eg. I have to finish my work instead of going out.我必须完成工作,不能外出.advice n. 建议,忠告eg. I asked my teacher for advice on my English.我请老师对我的英语学习给些建议.Let me give you a piece of advice.让我给你个忠告.give him a piece of advice 给他忠告offer him a piece of advice 给他的忠告或建议take his advice 听他的忠告refuse one's advice 不听某人的劝告some advice on... /some advice about .... 有关...的忠告advise v. 忠告,劝告,建议eg. The doctor advised taking a week's rest.那医生建议我休息几周．advise sb to do sth 忠告(某人)做....advise that ....eg. I advised him to stop smoking.= I advised that he (should) stop smoking.我劝他戒烟.TEXT 课文Question: What does Jane have with her coffee?喝咖啡时Jane 吃了什么?Listen to the tape then answer this question.听录音，然后回答问题。
What does Jane have with her coffee? a biscuit。
喝咖啡时简吃了什么？饼干(注意much和little的用法)CHARLOTTE: Shall I make some coffee, Jane?夏洛特：我来煮点咖啡好吗，简？JANE: That's a good idea, Charlotte.简：这是个好主意，夏洛特。
CHARLOTTE: It's ready. Do you want any milk? 夏洛特：咖啡好了，你要放点奶吗？JANE: Just a little, please.简：请稍加一点。
CHARLOTTE: What about some sugar? Two teaspoonfuls?夏洛特：加些糖怎么样？两茶匙行吗？JANE: No, less than that. One and a half teaspoonfuls, please. That's enough for me.简：不，再少一些。
请放一勺儿半。
那对我已足够了。
JANE: That was very nice.简：太好了。
CHARLOTTE: Would you like some more?夏洛特：你再来点吗？JANE: Yes, please.简：好的，请再来一点。
JANE: I'd like a cigarette, too. May I have one?简：我还想抽枝烟。
可以给我一枝吗？CHARLOTTE: Of course. I think there are a few in that box.夏洛特：当然可以。
我想那个盒子里有一些。
JANE: I'm afraid it's empty.简：恐怕盒子是空的。
CHARLOTTE: What a pity!夏洛特：真遗憾！JANE: It doesn't matter.简：没关系。
CHARLOTTE: Have a biscuit instead. Eat more and smoke less!夏洛特：那就吃块饼干吧。
多吃点，少抽点！JANE: That's very good advice!简：这是极好的忠告啊！课文讲解：A: Shall I make some coffee, Jane?我来煮点咖啡好吗，简？B: That's a good idea, Charlotte.这是个好主意，夏洛特。
1) Shall I ....? 我...好吗?shall 用于第一、二、三人称,构成疑问句,用来表示征求对方意见或请求对方指示.eg. Shall I open the window?我打开窗户好吗?(征求意见)Shall we go out for a drink?我们出去喝一杯好吗?(征求意见)Shall the man wait outside?让那个人在外面等吗? (请求指示)2) make some coffee 煮咖啡make some tea 沏茶A: It's ready. Do you want any milk?咖啡好了，你要放点奶吗？B: Just a little, please.请稍加一点。
It's ready= The coffee is ready.a little "一些,一点" 用于修饰不可数名词.eg. There is a little coffee in the cup.在杯子里有一点咖啡.eg. I have only a little money.我只有一点钱.a few "一些,几个" 用于修饰可数名词.eg. There are a few students outside.在外面有几个学生.He has only a few hours to do it.他只有几个小时做这件事.A: What about some sugar? Two teaspoonfuls?加些糖怎么样？两茶匙行吗？B: No, less than that. One and a half teaspoonfuls, please.That's enough for me. 不，再少一些。