大学英语六级语法导学部分误区：●四六级不考语法●语法=单选题语法？●语言的规矩和法则●连词成句语言语法句子四六级语法学什么？句子句子的结构一个句子多个句子的连接（一件事）（多件事）简单句并列句/复合句第一章：简单句的核心第一部分：简单句第二章：简单句的补充第二部分：并列句基础语法四六级语法第三部分：复合句强调第四部分：特殊用途的句子倒装虚拟真题应用长难句分析（全真题讲解）第一部分：简单句第一章：简单句的核心一、简单句的核心构成简单句一个句子（一件事）世界是物质的，物质是运动的n. + v.主语+ 谓语1 1n. + 谓语v.一主一谓，谓语动词的不同决定简单句的不同构成。
例子：I swim.I like English.区分vt./vi.1)意思2)介词（prep.）● I like English.●The bride kissed the groom.●Birds fly in the sky.●We walked on the street yesterday.●You look at me.介宾结构●●They offered a vacant post to me.I bought a present for you.I find HongKong ???I find HongKong very beautiful.I find HongKong a place for shopping.●我非常高兴。
●I very happy. ???I am very happy.主系表系动词1.be动词（单独）2.“变得” get become turn go grow3.感官动词look sound smell taste feel“看/ 听/ 闻/ 尝/ 感觉起来……”4.keep remain / seem appear1. I ask you a question. 主谓双宾2. You answer. 主谓3. I love you. 主谓宾4. You make my life complete.主谓宾补5. I am happy. 主系表主语+ 谓语二、简单句的核心变化（一）谓语动词的变化：1. 时态：形式：V.过去式(did/was/were)用法：过去的事、过去的动作（无关现在）例子：He was a student.He liked music.She had a boyfriend.变否定或疑问：补充：V．过去式V．过去分词look looked lookedbuy bought boughtsee saw seeneat ate eatenV．过去式 V．过去分词一般过去时完成时被动语态不作谓语形式：V.原形/V.第三人称单数（do/does）You like English.He likes English.用法：1. 现在经常性习惯性的动作We have the English class every day.He often gets up late.2. 现在的状态I am a teacher.We are in China.3. 永恒The earth is round.The earth moves around the sun.Knowledge is power.Practice makes perfect.变否定或疑问：补充：与频率连用(every, once a week, twice a month, three times a …) alwaysusually, often, frequentlysometimes, hardlynever形式：will / am / is /are going to + V 原形用法：将来的事（现成的将来）I will make a new plan tomorrow.We are going to study abroad next year.变否定或疑问：形式：would / was / were /are going to + V 原形用法：将来的事（过去的将来）I said that I would become a cook in the future.Tony finished his work, and then he would leave for London.At 10 o’clock yesterday some students were taking an exam in their classrooms. We are taking about the water pollution.A great many candidates will be meeting here at this time tomorrow.形式：have/has + done用法：现在全部完成He has left.现成部分完成We have studied English for ten years.形式：had + done用法：过去的之前When he got there, she had left. She was not there.They _____ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we are still working on it as no good results _____ so far.A. have been working; have come outB. had worked; came outC. had been working; have come outD. have worked; are coming out2. 语态：n. + v.动词的时态动词的语态动词的情态谓语动词的变化语态被动语态狗吃了那个蛋糕。
The dog ate the cake.?吃了那个蛋糕。
蛋糕被吃了。
狗吃了那个蛋糕。
主语宾语蛋糕被狗吃了。
被动语态适用范围1：及物动词。
2：不及物动词+介词。
被动语态被动的时间被动的动作备注：1.be表示被动的时间（把be变成对应的各种形态），还表达主语单复数2. done表示被动的动作教室每天都打扫。
一座新的大楼去年建造的。
A new building was built (build) last year.与时态相结合被动语态be + done他每天被打。
He is beaten every day.他昨天被打了。
He was beaten yesterday.他明天将要被打。
He will be beaten tomorrow.他现在正在被打。
He is being beaten. (现在经行时的被动am/is/are + being done）他现在已经被打了。
He has been beaten. (现在完成时的被动have/has + been done)Our morning paperLast night my favorite TV by a special newsbulletin.His bikeThe new machine与情态动词相结合被动语态be + donePlanes are heard.这封信必须马上寄出。
天气不能被人们所控制。
3. 情态：用法：1)情态动词＋动词原形2)情态动词的人称变化无3)情态动词的时态变化有限4)情态动词变否定／疑问四六级常用的情态动词有：m ust“必须”can / could “能够，可以”will / would“愿意/将要”may / might “可以，可能”should“应该”We must finish the work within a week.Air pollution must be taken seriously.The government can solve the problem of water pollution.Tony could walk when he was only one year old.Will you marry me?I will travel abroad with my family.Potential buyers would cheer for lower interest rates.To some extent, expressions may influence emotions.Such bodily reaction might help moderate the work stress.Students should work hard to pass the exams.Those sick people should seek help from doctors.The details may be unknowable.Such searches must take years.The loss of patience can potentially have a damaging impact on our professional and personal wellbeing.The peculiar way of saying those things may have led to misunderstanding.Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.练习：1)In order to be a good salesclerk, you ____________ (must not / will not) be rude to acustomer.2)This pie is very good. You ____________ (should / must) try a piece.3)Rice ____________ (should / must / may) have water in order to grow.4)Don’t be nervous. I think you ____________ (can / must) make it.5)I am not sure. Probably he ____________ (may / should) come later.（二）主语／宾语／表语的变化：1. 名词／代词Most graduates always want a big-firm job.She is the leader of the organization.They gave us a good impression.2. doing／to doLaughing probably has great influence on health.To laugh probably has great influence on health.It probably has great influence on health to laugh.Having only a foggy view of the future is of little good.It is no use to talk about dreams without trying.We enjoy reading books in the library.The members of the board decide to vote against the new plan.Our main goal is to finish the task on time.3. 多个并列Science and technology will develop the process of society.Social science disciplines include geography, economics, political science, and psychology.That doesn't mean sitting down and doing nothing at all.n. + v.名词/ 代词动词的时态doing 动词的语态to do 动词的情态多个并列动词的否定第二章简单句的补充一、限定词／形容词副词／介词短语常用介词：in on at / from to / into onto / with without / of / by / for / about 其他介词：between among / across through / against / like as二、非谓语动词Passing planes can be heard night and day.The teacher came into the classroom, holding a book in his hand.He bought a used car.The teacher came into the classroom, followed by five students.I have a lot of homework to do.I am coming to see you.练习：1. ________, you need to give all you have and try your best.A. Being a winnerB. To be a winnerC. Be a winnerD. Having been a winner2. ________ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A. TranslatingB. TranslatedC. To translateD. Having translated3. Peter received a letter just now ________his grandma would come to see him soon.A. saidB. saysC. sayingD. to say4. _________ an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.A. OfferB. OfferingC. OfferedD. To offer5. The island, ________ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joiningB. to joinC. joinedD. having joined三、同位语／插入语同位语，解释说明前面名词，与名词相同，说的是一件事。