当前位置:文档之家› 翻译Lecture 1

翻译Lecture 1


跳伞处 "Site of jumping umbrella" (paragliding site) 小心台阶 “pay attention to the steps” (mind the steps) 紧急出口 “No entry on peacetime” (Emergency exits) 请勿打扰 “Don’t bother.” (Don’t disturb.) 请爱护花草 "Cherishing Flowers and Trees" • (keep off the grass.) • • • • • • • • •
Alexander F. Tytler (泰特勒, 英 国)
• 1. A translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work. (译文 应该完全传达原文的意思。) • 2. The style and manner of writing should be of the same character as that of the original.(译文 的风格和笔调应与原文的一致。) • 3. A translation should have all the ease of the original composition. (译文应像原文一样流畅。)
Translation criteria
• 严复:信,达,雅(faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance) • 鲁迅:易解、保持原作的风姿 • 林语堂:忠实、通顺、美 • 傅雷:神似说(spiritual conformity) • 钱钟书:化境说 (sublimed adaptation) • 许渊冲:三美说(意美、音美、形美) • 泰特勒:翻译三原则 • 费道罗夫等:等值论 (translation equivalence) • 奈达:读者反应论 (dynamic equivalence) • General criteria:忠实、通顺
许渊冲
有史以来将中国历代诗词译成英、法 韵文的惟一专家。 译著主要有《唐宋词选一百首》 (1987),《中国古诗词三百首》 (1999)。英文译著主要有《西厢记》 (1992)、《诗经》(1993)、《宋 词三百首》(1993)、《楚辞》 (1994)、《中国古诗词六百首》 (1994)、《汉魏六朝诗一百五十首》 (1995)、《元明清诗一百五十首》 (1997)、《唐诗三百首》(2000) 和《新编千家诗》(2000)等。 For more information, click : /html/200 8-10/27569p2.html
杨宪益、戴乃迭
朱生豪(1912—1944)
• 朱生豪的翻译态度严肃认真, 以“求于最大可能之范围内, 保持原作之神韵”为其宗旨。 译笔流畅,文词华丽。பைடு நூலகம்所 译的《莎士比亚戏剧全集》 是迄今我国莎士比亚作品的 最完整的、质量较好的译本。
季羡林(1911--2009)
• • • • • • 主要译著: 《罗摩衍那》 《沙恭达罗》 《五卷书》 《优哩婆湿》 《安娜·西格斯短篇 小说集》
Xuan Zang
• The Buddhist scriptures
Yan Fu
• Yan Fu was the first Chinese who made a penetrating(敏锐 的) and relatively systematic study of translation standard in modern times. • Evolution and Ethics(《天演 论》) • The Wealth of Nations 《国富论》
许渊冲译作欣赏
• • • • 天净沙 秋思 枯藤老树昏鸦,小桥流水人家。 古道西风瘦马,夕阳西下 断肠人在天涯。
• Autumn thoughts • Over old trees wreathed with rotten vines fly evening crows; • Under a small bridge near a cottage a stream flows; • On ancient road in the west wind a lean horse goes. • Westward declines the sun; • Far, far from home is the heartbroken one.
Version B
• • • • • • Autumn thoughts Withered vines, old trees, evening crows; Tiny bridge, flowing brook, hamlet homes; Ancient road, wind from west, bony horse; The sun is setting, Broken man, far from home, roams and roams. ------by Zhao Zhentao
Elevator instructions
• E.g. The market for the (tea) company’s products consisted of young people, women between the ages of 18 and 49, and older people who wanted a warm drink that was caffeine-free. • Version 1: 这家公司产品的市场有年轻人、 18至49岁之间的妇女和想喝不含咖啡因的 热饮的老人组成。 • Version 2: 这家(茶叶)公司的销售对象是 ,爱喝不含咖啡因热茶的18至49岁的年轻 妇女已经49岁以上的顾客。
Version A
• Sky-----clear Sand Autumn Thoughts • Withered vines, old trees, crows at dusk; • A small bridge, a lean horse in the west wind. • The evening sun sinking in the west ----- A heart-broken traveller still at world’s end. • ------------- by Sherwin S.S Fu
翻译第一讲
The nature of translation
• I. Translation is not a word for word activity • 她现在非常红. She is very red now. • (She is very popular now.) • 你给我站住!You Give Me Stop!! • (Stand!) • 蠢蠢欲動。 Stupid stupid want to move . • (Be ready to do sth.(bad)) • 寒暄 coldly talk for a while • (to exchange greetings and make small talk )
Multi-criteria
• 绝对标准——原作 • 最高标准——最佳近似度(the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning, and secondly in terms of style) • 具体标准——根据原作的性质、译作读者 群、译者水平等来定
相关主题